Corpus Tool Demo - Oŋaj marij jə̑lme - 19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara?
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[Instructions]
Sergej: - Salam lijže, Iβan Petroβič́!
Mə̑j «Marij El» gazetə̑n žurnalistše Sapajeβ Sergej Nikolajeβič́ ulam.
Tendan ozanlə̑kda da pašada nergen gazetə̑š βozaš somə̑l dene tolə̑nam.
Ikmə̑ńar jodə̑šlan βašmutə̑m puaš toreš ogə̑da lij?
«U ilə̑š» lüman ozanlə̑kə̑m te šukerte ogə̑l βujlateda.
Kuzerak βara Te küč́ə̑k žapə̑šte luškə̑do ozanlə̑kə̑m jol ümbake šogalten kertə̑nda?
Iβan: - Poč́eš kodšo ozanlə̑kə̑m jol ümbake šogaltaš kuštə̑lgo ogə̑l.
En onč́ə̑č́ me ozanlə̑kə̑m βijaŋdə̑me da pašaš u jönə̑m purtə̑mo nergen jodə̑šə̑m tergen nalə̑nna.
Pašam ə̑štə̑mašte podŕad da kooperacij jönə̑m kumdan šaren koltaš lijna.
Kuč́ə̑ltmo u jön mə̑lanna jalozanlə̑k lektə̑šə̑m kugemdaš polšen.
Sergej: - Pə̑tartə̑š ijlašte kresańə̑k-βlak mlandə̑lan oza ulmə̑štə̑m mondenə̑t, sadlan paša kumə̑lə̑št βolen.
Tide šotə̑što tendan probleme ulo?
Iβan: - Da, tide č́ə̑n.
Ožno ə̑štə̑šaš pašam: kunam da mə̑ńar kuralaš, mogaj pə̑rč́ə̑m üdaš, mo dene mlandə̑m üjaŋdaš, mə̑ńar βuj βol'ə̑kə̑m ašnaš da molə̑mat – küšə̑č́ onč́ə̑kten puat ə̑le.
Kresańə̑k škeβuja šonə̑mə̑žə̑m monden.
Me ozanlə̑kə̑štə̑na u sisteme poč́eš pašam ə̑štə̑me dene kresańə̑kə̑m mlande deke pörtə̑ltə̑šna.
Sergej: - Šuko ozanlə̑kə̑šte jal gə̑č́ kajə̑mə̑lan köra pašajeŋ ogeš site.
A tendan ozanlə̑kə̑šte kuzerak?
Iβan: - Ožno memnan denat pašajeŋ siten ogə̑l.
Kə̑zə̑t arendə̑š kusnə̑mo dene paša βijə̑m kuč́ə̑ltmo šotə̑što probleme lektə̑n.
Mutlan, onč́ə̑č́ mlande pašam 50 gə̑č́ 70 marte jeŋ šukten gə̑n, ə̑nde tide pašam 20 jeŋ ə̑šta.
Tə̑gak βol'ə̑k onč́ə̑šo-βlakat utenə̑t.
Ə̑nde nunə̑lan pašam sitarə̑man.
Sergej: - Kušto nunə̑lan pašam muaš šoneda?
Iβan: - Memnan ik jön gə̑na – podsobnə̑j ozanlə̑k.
No tudo kə̑zə̑t marte memnan dene peš nač́arə̑n βijaŋə̑n.
Posnak üdə̑r-βlaklan paša βer šagal.
Sadlan ogə̑l mo memnan dene tač́ə̑se keč́ə̑lan 70 nare kač́ə̑marij ulo, a üdə̑r-βlakə̑m parńa denat šotlen lektaš liješ?
Teβe č́oŋaltše kok pač́ašan pörtə̑štö βurgem urgə̑mo ceχə̑m poč́ə̑na.
Sergej: - Kə̑zə̑t kalə̑kə̑m izi jal probleme č́ot turgə̑žlandara.
Tendan ozanlə̑kə̑šte izi jalə̑m aralen kodašlan mo ə̑štalteš?
Iβan: - Memnan ozanlə̑kə̑šte izi jal probleme uke.
Me ikmə̑ńar ij onč́ə̑č́ asfal't korno dene č́ə̑la jalə̑m ušə̑šna, kažne jaleš keβə̑tə̑m, klubə̑m č́oŋə̑šna, kažne pörtə̑š puč́ dene βüdə̑m, gazə̑m purtə̑šna.
Paša βerat sitə̑šə̑n ulo.
Sergej: - Vašmutlanda peš kugu tau, Iβan Petroβič́.
Tetla mə̑j tendan žapdam nalaš om tošt.
Umbakə̑žat č́ə̑la šotə̑štat u seŋə̑maške šuaš tə̑lanem.
Veskana užmeške č́eβerə̑n.
Iβan: - Č́eβerə̑n.
[Search]
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 1
Sergej: - Salam lijže, Iβan Petroβič́!
| Sergej: - |
| Sergej |
| Sergej |
| Sergey |
| na |
|
| Salam |
| Salam |
| salam |
| greeting |
| in/no |
| Salam |
| Sa | -la | -m |
| sa | -la | -m |
| scythe | -PL | -ACC |
| no | -num | -case |
| Salam |
| Sa | -la | -m |
| sa | -la | -em |
| scythe | -COMP | -1SG |
| no | -case | -poss |
| Salam |
| Sa | -la | -m |
| sa | -la | -em |
| scythe | -PL | -1SG |
| no | -num | -poss |
|
| lijže, |
| lijže |
| lijže |
| let's.imagine |
| pa |
| lijže, |
| lij | -že |
| lij | -že |
| be | -IMP.3SG |
| vb1 | -mood.pers |
| lijže, |
| lij | -Ø | -že |
| lij | -Ø | -že |
| be | -CNG | -3SG |
| vb1 | -conn | -poss |
| lijže, |
| lij | -Ø | -že |
| lij | -Ø | -že |
| be | -CVB | -3SG |
| vb1 | -adv | -poss |
|
|
| Petroβič́! |
| Petroβič́ |
| Petroβič́ |
| Petrovich |
| na |
|
Sergey: Good day, Ivan Petrovich!
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 2
Mə̑j «Marij El» gazetə̑n žurnalistše Sapajeβ Sergej Nikolajeβič́ ulam.
|
|
| «Marij |
| Marij |
| marij |
| Mari |
| no |
|
|
| gazetə̑n |
| gazet | -ə̑n |
| gazet | -n |
| newspaper | -GEN |
| no | -case |
| gazetə̑n |
| gaz | -et | -ə̑n |
| gaz | -et | -n |
| gas | -2SG | -GEN |
| no | -poss | -case |
| gazetə̑n |
| gaz | -et | -ə̑n |
| gaz | -et | -n |
| gauze | -2SG | -GEN |
| no | -poss | -case |
|
| žurnalistše |
| žurnalist | -še |
| žurnalist | -že |
| journalist | -3SG |
| no | -poss |
|
| Sapajeβ |
| Sapajeβ |
| Sapajeβ |
| Sapayev |
| na |
|
| Sergej |
| Sergej |
| Sergej |
| Sergey |
| na |
|
| Nikolajeβič́ |
| Nikolajeβič́ |
| Nikolajeβič́ |
| Nikolayevich |
| na |
|
| ulam. |
| ula | -m |
| ula | -m |
| cart | -ACC |
| no | -case |
| ulam. |
| ula | -m |
| ula | -em |
| cart | -1SG |
| no | -poss |
| ulam. |
| ul | -am |
| ul | -am |
| be | -1SG |
| vb1 | -pers |
| ulam. |
| u | -la | -m |
| u | -la | -m |
| new | -PL | -ACC |
| ad/no | -num | -case |
| ulam. |
| u | -la | -m |
| u | -la | -em |
| new | -COMP | -1SG |
| ad/no | -case | -poss |
| ulam. |
| u | -la | -m |
| u | -la | -em |
| new | -PL | -1SG |
| ad/no | -num | -poss |
| ulam. |
| ula | -m | -Ø |
| ula | -em | -Ø |
| cart | -TRANS | -IMP.2SG |
| no | -deriv.v | -mood.pers |
| ulam. |
| ula | -m | -Ø |
| ula | -em | -Ø |
| cart | -TRANS | -CNG |
| no | -deriv.v | -conn |
| ulam. |
| ula | -m | -Ø |
| ula | -em | -Ø |
| cart | -TRANS | -CVB |
| no | -deriv.v | -adv |
|
I'm Sergey Nikolayevich Sapayev, a journalist with the newspaper "Mari El".
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 3
Tendan ozanlə̑kda da pašada nergen gazetə̑š βozaš somə̑l dene tolə̑nam.
| Tendan |
| ten | -da | -n |
| te | -da | -n |
| 2PL | -2PL | -GEN |
| pr | -poss | -case |
|
| ozanlə̑kda |
| ozanlə̑k |
-da |
| ozanlə̑k |
-da |
| enterprise |
-2PL |
| no |
-poss |
|
|
| pašada |
| paša | -da |
| paša | -da |
| work | -2PL |
| no | -poss |
|
| nergen |
| nergen |
| nergen |
| about |
| po |
|
| gazetə̑š |
| gazet | -ə̑š |
| gazet | -š |
| newspaper | -ILL |
| no | -case |
|
| βozaš |
| βozaš |
| βozaš |
| a.cartload |
| ad |
| βozaš |
| βoz | -aš |
| βoz | -aš |
| lie.down | -INF |
| vb1 | -inf |
| βozaš |
| βoz | -aš |
| βozo | -aš |
| write | -INF |
| vb2 | -inf |
|
| somə̑l |
| somə̑l |
| somə̑l |
| work |
| no |
|
|
| tolə̑nam. |
| tol | -ə̑n | -am |
| tol | -n | -am |
| come | -PST2 | -1SG |
| vb1 | -tense | -pers |
|
I've come to write about your enterprise and your work for the newspaper.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 4
Ikmə̑ńar jodə̑šlan βašmutə̑m puaš toreš ogə̑da lij?
| Ikmə̑ńar |
| Ikmə̑ńar |
| ikmə̑ńar |
| some |
| ad/av/nm/pr |
|
| jodə̑šlan |
| jodə̑š | -lan |
| jodə̑š | -lan |
| question | -DAT |
| no | -case |
| jodə̑šlan |
| jodə̑š | -la | -n |
| jodə̑š | -la | -n |
| question | -PL | -GEN |
| no | -num | -case |
|
| βašmutə̑m |
| βašmut | -ə̑m |
| βašmut | -m |
| answer | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| puaš |
| pu | -aš |
| puo | -aš |
| give | -INF |
| vb2 | -inf |
| puaš |
| pu | -aš |
| puo | -aš |
| blow | -INF |
| vb2 | -inf |
|
| toreš |
| toreš |
| toreš |
| crosspiece |
| ad/av/no/po |
| toreš |
| tor | -eš |
| tor | -eš |
| trash | -LAT |
| ad/no | -case |
| toreš |
| tor | -eš |
| tor | -eš |
| bay | -LAT |
| ad | -case |
| toreš |
| tor | -eš |
| tor | -eš |
| forest | -LAT |
| no | -case |
| toreš |
| tor | -eš |
| tor | -eš |
| demand | -LAT |
| no | -case |
|
| ogə̑da |
| og | -ə̑da |
| og | -ə̑da |
| NEG | -2PL |
| vb | -pers |
|
| lij? |
| lij | -Ø |
| lij | -Ø |
| be | -IMP.2SG |
| vb1 | -mood.pers |
| lij? |
| lij | -Ø |
| lij | -Ø |
| be | -CNG |
| vb1 | -conn |
| lij? |
| lij | -Ø |
| lij | -Ø |
| be | -CVB |
| vb1 | -adv |
|
Would you be opposed to answering a few questions?
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 5
«U ilə̑š» lüman ozanlə̑kə̑m te šukerte ogə̑l βujlateda.
|
|
| ilə̑š» |
| ilə̑š |
| ilə̑š |
| life |
| no |
| ilə̑š» |
| ilə̑ | -š | -Ø |
| ile | -š | -Ø |
| live | -PST1 | -3SG |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
|
| lüman |
| lüman |
| lüman |
| named |
| ad |
| lüman |
| lüman |
| lüman |
| scabby |
| ad |
| lüman |
| lüman |
| lüman |
| with.glue |
| ad |
| lüman |
| lüm | -an |
| lüm | -an |
| name | -with |
| no | -deriv.ad |
| lüman |
| lüm | -an |
| lümö | -an |
| sore | -with |
| no | -deriv.ad |
| lüman |
| lüm | -an |
| lümö | -an |
| glue | -with |
| no | -deriv.ad |
|
| ozanlə̑kə̑m |
| ozanlə̑k | -ə̑m |
| ozanlə̑k | -m |
| economy | -ACC |
| no | -case |
| ozanlə̑kə̑m |
| oza | -n | -lə̑k | -ə̑m |
| oza | -an | -lə̑k | -m |
| owner | -with | -for | -ACC |
| no | -deriv.ad | -deriv.ad | -case |
|
|
| šukerte |
| šukerte |
| šukerte |
| long.ago |
| av |
|
| ogə̑l |
| og | -Ø | -ə̑l | -Ø |
| og | -Ø | -ul | -Ø |
| NEG | -3SG | -be | -CNG |
| vb | -pers | -vb | -conn |
|
| βujlateda. |
| βujlat | -eda |
| βujlate | -eda |
| lead | -2PL |
| vb2 | -pers |
|
You haven't been in charge of the enterprise "New Life" for long.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 6
Kuzerak βara Te küč́ə̑k žapə̑šte luškə̑do ozanlə̑kə̑m jol ümbake šogalten kertə̑nda?
| Kuzerak |
| Kuzerak |
| kuzerak |
| how |
| av |
| Kuzerak |
| Kuze | -rak |
| kuze | -rak |
| how | -COMP |
| av/co/no/pa | -deg |
|
| βara |
| βara |
| βara |
| then |
| av/pa |
| βara |
| βar | -a |
| βare | -a |
| mix | -3SG |
| vb2 | -pers |
|
|
| küč́ə̑k |
| küč́ə̑k |
| küč́ə̑k |
| short |
| ad/no |
|
| žapə̑šte |
| žapə̑šte |
| žapə̑šte |
| in.time |
| av/po |
| žapə̑šte |
| žap | -ə̑šte |
| žap | -šte |
| time | -INE |
| no | -case |
|
| luškə̑do |
| luškə̑do |
| luškə̑do |
| loose |
| ad/no |
|
| ozanlə̑kə̑m |
| ozanlə̑k | -ə̑m |
| ozanlə̑k | -m |
| economy | -ACC |
| no | -case |
| ozanlə̑kə̑m |
| oza | -n | -lə̑k | -ə̑m |
| oza | -an | -lə̑k | -m |
| owner | -with | -for | -ACC |
| no | -deriv.ad | -deriv.ad | -case |
|
|
| ümbake |
| ümbake |
| ümbake |
| the.top |
| av/po |
|
| šogalten |
| šogalt | -en | -Ø |
| šogalte | -en | -Ø |
| put | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
| šogalten |
| šogalt | -en |
| šogalte | -en |
| put | -CVB |
| vb2 | -adv |
|
| kertə̑nda? |
| kert | -ə̑n | -da |
| kert | -n | -da |
| be.able.to | -PST2 | -2PL |
| vb1 | -tense | -pers |
| kertə̑nda? |
| kert | -ə̑n | -da |
| kert | -n | -da |
| swaddle | -PST2 | -2PL |
| vb1 | -tense | -pers |
|
How could you get a weak enterprise back on its feet in such a short time?
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 7
Iβan: - Poč́eš kodšo ozanlə̑kə̑m jol ümbake šogaltaš kuštə̑lgo ogə̑l.
| Iβan: - |
| Iβan |
| Iβan |
| Ivan |
| na |
|
| Poč́eš |
| Poč́eš |
| poč́eš |
| recent |
| ad/av/po |
| Poč́eš |
| Poč́ | -eš |
| poč́ | -eš |
| tail | -LAT |
| no | -case |
| Poč́eš |
| Poč́ | -eš |
| poč́ | -eš |
| open | -3SG |
| vb1 | -pers |
|
| kodšo |
| kodšo |
| kodšo |
| last |
| ad/no |
| kodšo |
| kod | -šo |
| kod | -še |
| stay | -PTCP.ACT |
| vb1 | -ad |
| kodšo |
| kod | -šo |
| kod | -že |
| code | -3SG |
| no | -poss |
| kodšo |
| kod | -šo |
| kod | -že |
| stay | -IMP.3SG |
| vb1 | -mood.pers |
| kodšo |
| kod | -Ø | -šo |
| kod | -Ø | -že |
| stay | -CNG | -3SG |
| vb1 | -conn | -poss |
| kodšo |
| kod | -Ø | -šo |
| kod | -Ø | -že |
| stay | -CVB | -3SG |
| vb1 | -adv | -poss |
|
| ozanlə̑kə̑m |
| ozanlə̑k | -ə̑m |
| ozanlə̑k | -m |
| economy | -ACC |
| no | -case |
| ozanlə̑kə̑m |
| oza | -n | -lə̑k | -ə̑m |
| oza | -an | -lə̑k | -m |
| owner | -with | -for | -ACC |
| no | -deriv.ad | -deriv.ad | -case |
|
|
| ümbake |
| ümbake |
| ümbake |
| the.top |
| av/po |
|
| šogaltaš |
| šogalt | -aš |
| šogalte | -aš |
| put | -INF |
| vb2 | -inf |
| šogaltaš |
| šog | -alt | -aš |
| šogo | -alt | -aš |
| stand | -REF | -INF |
| vb2 | -deriv.v | -inf |
|
| kuštə̑lgo |
| kuštə̑lgo |
| kuštə̑lgo |
| light |
| ad/no |
|
| ogə̑l. |
| og | -Ø | -ə̑l | -Ø |
| og | -Ø | -ul | -Ø |
| NEG | -3SG | -be | -CNG |
| vb | -pers | -vb | -conn |
|
Ivan: Getting an enterprise that has fallen behind back on its feet isn't easy.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 8
En onč́ə̑č́ me ozanlə̑kə̑m βijaŋdə̑me da pašaš u jönə̑m purtə̑mo nergen jodə̑šə̑m tergen nalə̑nna.
|
|
| onč́ə̑č́ |
| onč́ə̑č́ |
| onč́ə̑č́ |
| from.in.front.of |
| av/po |
|
|
| ozanlə̑kə̑m |
| ozanlə̑k |
-ə̑m |
| ozanlə̑k |
-m |
| enterprise |
-ACC |
| no |
-case |
|
| βijaŋdə̑me |
| βijaŋdə̑ | -me |
| βijaŋde | -me |
| develop | -PTCP.PASS |
| vb2 | -ad |
|
|
| pašaš |
| paša | -š |
| paša | -š |
| work | -ILL |
| no | -case |
|
|
| jönə̑m |
| jön | -ə̑m |
| jön | -m |
| method | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| purtə̑mo |
| purtə̑ | -mo |
| purto | -me |
| bring.in | -PTCP.PASS |
| vb2 | -ad |
|
| nergen |
| nergen |
| nergen |
| about |
| po |
|
| jodə̑šə̑m |
| jodə̑š | -ə̑m |
| jodə̑š | -m |
| question | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| tergen |
| terg | -en |
| terge | -en |
| check | -CVB |
| vb2 | -adv |
|
| nalə̑nna. |
| nal | -ə̑n | -na |
| nal | -n | -na |
| take | -PST2 | -1PL |
| vb1 | -tense | -pers |
|
At the very beginning we had to look into matters of introducing new methods into work, and developing the enterprise.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 9
Pašam ə̑štə̑mašte podŕad da kooperacij jönə̑m kumdan šaren koltaš lijna.
| Pašam |
| Paša | -m |
| paša | -m |
| work | -ACC |
| no | -case |
| Pašam |
| Paša | -m |
| paša | -em |
| work | -1SG |
| no | -poss |
| Pašam |
| Paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -IMP.2SG |
| no | -deriv.v | -mood.pers |
| Pašam |
| Paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -CNG |
| no | -deriv.v | -conn |
| Pašam |
| Paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -CVB |
| no | -deriv.v | -adv |
|
| ə̑štə̑mašte |
| ə̑štə̑maš | -te |
| ə̑štə̑maš | -šte |
| doing | -INE |
| no | -case |
| ə̑štə̑mašte |
| ə̑štə̑ | -maš | -te |
| ə̑šte | -maš | -šte |
| do | -NMLZ | -INE |
| vb2 | -deriv.n | -case |
|
| podŕad |
| podŕad |
| podŕad |
| contract |
| no |
|
|
| kooperacij |
| kooperacij |
| kooperacij |
| cooperation |
| no |
|
| jönə̑m |
| jön | -ə̑m |
| jön | -m |
| method | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| kumdan |
| kumdan |
| kumdan |
| widely |
| av |
| kumdan |
| kumda | -n |
| kumda | -an |
| wide | -with |
| ad | -deriv.ad |
| kumdan |
| kumda | -n |
| kumda | -n |
| wide | -GEN |
| ad | -case |
| kumdan |
| kum | -da | -n |
| kum | -da | -n |
| godfather.of.one's.child | -2PL | -GEN |
| no | -poss | -case |
| kumdan |
| kum | -da | -n |
| kum | -da | -n |
| three | -2PL | -GEN |
| nm | -poss | -case |
|
| šaren |
| šar | -en | -Ø |
| šare | -en | -Ø |
| spread.out | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
| šaren |
| šar | -en |
| šare | -en |
| spread.out | -CVB |
| vb2 | -adv |
|
| koltaš |
| kolt | -aš |
| kolto | -aš |
| send | -INF |
| vb2 | -inf |
|
| lijna. |
| lij | -na |
| lij | -na |
| be | -PST1.1PL |
| vb1 | -tense.pers |
|
We decided to make wide usage of contract and cooperation methods in work.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 10
Kuč́ə̑ltmo u jön mə̑lanna jalozanlə̑k lektə̑šə̑m kugemdaš polšen.
| Kuč́ə̑ltmo |
| Kuč́ə̑ltmo |
| kuč́ə̑ltmo |
| usage |
| ad |
| Kuč́ə̑ltmo |
| Kuč́ə̑lt | -mo |
| kuč́ə̑lt | -me |
| hold | -PTCP.PASS |
| vb1 | -ad |
|
| u |
| u | -Ø |
| uo | -Ø |
| take.care.of | -IMP.2SG |
| vb2 | -mood.pers |
| u |
| u | -Ø |
| uo | -Ø |
| stroke | -IMP.2SG |
| vb2 | -mood.pers |
| u |
| u | -Ø |
| uo | -Ø |
| take.care.of | -CNG |
| vb2 | -conn |
| u |
| u | -Ø |
| uo | -Ø |
| stroke | -CNG |
| vb2 | -conn |
|
|
| mə̑lanna |
| mə̑ | -lan | -na |
| me | -lan | -na |
| 1PL | -DAT | -1PL |
| pr | -case | -poss |
|
| jalozanlə̑k |
| jalozanlə̑k |
| jalozanlə̑k |
| agriculture |
| no |
|
| lektə̑šə̑m |
| lektə̑š | -ə̑m |
| lektə̑š | -m |
| harvest | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| kugemdaš |
| kugemd | -aš |
| kugemde | -aš |
| increase | -INF |
| vb2 | -inf |
|
| polšen. |
| polš | -en | -Ø |
| polšo | -en | -Ø |
| help | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
| polšen. |
| polš | -en |
| polšo | -en |
| help | -CVB |
| vb2 | -adv |
|
The new method used helped us increase the agricultural yield.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 11
Sergej: - Pə̑tartə̑š ijlašte kresańə̑k-βlak mlandə̑lan oza ulmə̑štə̑m mondenə̑t, sadlan paša kumə̑lə̑št βolen.
| Sergej: - |
| Sergej |
| Sergej |
| Sergey |
| na |
|
| Pə̑tartə̑š |
| Pə̑tartə̑š |
| pə̑tartə̑š |
| last |
| ad/no |
|
| ijlašte |
| ij | -la | -šte |
| ij | -la | -šte |
| year | -PL | -INE |
| no | -num | -case |
| ijlašte |
| ij | -la | -šte |
| ij | -la | -šte |
| ice | -PL | -INE |
| no | -num | -case |
| ijlašte |
| ij | -la | -šte |
| ij | -la | -šte |
| chisel | -PL | -INE |
| no | -num | -case |
|
| kresańə̑k-βlak |
| kresańə̑k | -βlak |
| kresańə̑k | -βlak |
| peasant | -PL |
| no | -num |
|
| mlandə̑lan |
| mlandə̑ | -lan |
| mlande | -lan |
| land | -DAT |
| no | -case |
| mlandə̑lan |
| mlandə̑ | -lan |
| mlande | -lan |
| Earth | -DAT |
| pn | -case |
| mlandə̑lan |
| mlandə̑ | -la | -n |
| mlande | -la | -n |
| land | -PL | -GEN |
| no | -num | -case |
| mlandə̑lan |
| mlandə̑ | -la | -n |
| mlande | -la | -n |
| Earth | -PL | -GEN |
| pn | -num | -case |
|
|
| ulmə̑štə̑m |
| ulmə̑ | -št | -ə̑m |
| ulmo | -št | -m |
| being | -3PL | -ACC |
| ad | -poss | -case |
| ulmə̑štə̑m |
| ul | -mə̑ | -št | -ə̑m |
| ul | -me | -št | -m |
| be | -PTCP.PASS | -3PL | -ACC |
| vb1 | -ad | -poss | -case |
|
| mondenə̑t, |
| mond | -en | -ə̑t |
| mondo | -en | -ə̑t |
| forget | -PST2 | -3PL |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
|
| sadlan |
| sadlan |
| sadlan |
| therefore |
| co |
| sadlan |
| sad | -lan |
| sad | -lan |
| garden | -DAT |
| no | -case |
| sadlan |
| sad | -la | -n |
| sad | -la | -n |
| garden | -PL | -GEN |
| no | -num | -case |
|
|
| kumə̑lə̑št |
| kumə̑l | -ə̑št |
| kumə̑l | -št |
| mood | -3PL |
| no | -poss |
|
| βolen. |
| βol | -en | -Ø |
| βolo | -en | -Ø |
| descend | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
| βolen. |
| βol | -en |
| βolo | -en |
| descend | -CVB |
| vb2 | -adv |
|
Sergey: In the last few years, the farmers have forgotten that they are the masters of the land, so their desire to work has sunk.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 12
Tide šotə̑što tendan probleme ulo?
| Tide |
| Tide | -Ø |
| tide | -Ø |
| drop.into.boiling.water | -IMP.2SG |
| vb2 | -mood.pers |
| Tide |
| Tide | -Ø |
| tide | -Ø |
| drop.into.boiling.water | -CNG |
| vb2 | -conn |
|
| šotə̑što |
| šotə̑što |
| šotə̑što |
| regarding |
| po |
| šotə̑što |
| šot | -ə̑što |
| šot | -šte |
| use | -INE |
| no | -case |
|
| tendan |
| ten | -da | -n |
| te | -da | -n |
| 2PL | -2PL | -GEN |
| pr | -poss | -case |
| tendan |
| te | -n | -da | -n |
| te | -n | -da | -n |
| 2PL | -GEN | -2PL | -GEN |
| pr | -case | -poss | -case |
|
| probleme |
| probleme |
| probleme |
| problem |
| no |
|
|
Do you have problems in this respect?
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 13
Iβan: - Da, tide č́ə̑n.
| Iβan: - |
| Iβan |
| Iβan |
| Ivan |
| na |
|
|
|
| č́ə̑n. |
| č́ə̑n |
| č́ə̑n |
| truth |
| ad/av/no |
|
Ivan: Yes, this is true.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 14
Ožno ə̑štə̑šaš pašam: kunam da mə̑ńar kuralaš, mogaj pə̑rč́ə̑m üdaš, mo dene mlandə̑m üjaŋdaš, mə̑ńar βuj βol'ə̑kə̑m ašnaš da molə̑mat – küšə̑č́ onč́ə̑kten puat ə̑le.
| Ožno |
| Ožno |
| ožno |
| once |
| av/po |
|
| ə̑štə̑šaš |
| ə̑štə̑šaš |
| ə̑štə̑šaš |
| be.done |
| ad |
| ə̑štə̑šaš |
| ə̑štə̑ | -šaš |
| ə̑šte | -šaš |
| do | -PTCP.FUT |
| vb2 | -ad |
|
| pašam: |
| paša | -m |
| paša | -m |
| work | -ACC |
| no | -case |
| pašam: |
| paša | -m |
| paša | -em |
| work | -1SG |
| no | -poss |
| pašam: |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -IMP.2SG |
| no | -deriv.v | -mood.pers |
| pašam: |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -CNG |
| no | -deriv.v | -conn |
| pašam: |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -CVB |
| no | -deriv.v | -adv |
|
| kunam |
| kunam |
| kunam |
| when |
| av |
|
|
| mə̑ńar |
| mə̑ńar |
| mə̑ńar |
| how.many |
| pr |
|
| kuralaš, |
| kural | -aš |
| kural | -aš |
| plough | -INF |
| vb1 | -inf |
|
| mogaj |
| mogaj |
| mogaj |
| what.sort.of |
| ad |
|
| pə̑rč́ə̑m |
| pə̑rč́ə̑ | -m |
| pə̑rč́e | -m |
| grain | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| üdaš, |
| üd | -aš |
| üdö | -aš |
| sow | -INF |
| vb2 | -inf |
|
| mo |
| mo |
| mo |
| what |
| ad/av/pa/pr |
|
|
| mlandə̑m |
| mlandə̑ | -m |
| mlande | -m |
| land | -ACC |
| no | -case |
| mlandə̑m |
| mlandə̑ | -m |
| mlande | -m |
| Earth | -ACC |
| pn | -case |
|
| üjaŋdaš, |
| üjaŋd | -aš |
| üjaŋde | -aš |
| add.oil.to | -INF |
| vb2 | -inf |
|
| mə̑ńar |
| mə̑ńar |
| mə̑ńar |
| how.many |
| pr |
|
|
| βol'ə̑kə̑m |
| βol'ə̑k | -ə̑m |
| βol'ə̑k | -m |
| cattle | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| ašnaš |
| ašn | -aš |
| ašne | -aš |
| keep | -INF |
| vb2 | -inf |
|
|
| molə̑mat – |
| molə̑ | -m | -at |
| molo | -m | -at |
| other | -ACC | -and |
| no/pr | -case | -enc |
|
| küšə̑č́ |
| küšə̑č́ |
| küšə̑č́ |
| from.above |
| av |
|
| onč́ə̑kten |
| onč́ə̑kt | -en | -Ø |
| onč́ə̑kto | -en | -Ø |
| show | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
| onč́ə̑kten |
| onč́ə̑kt | -en |
| onč́ə̑kto | -en |
| show | -CVB |
| vb2 | -adv |
| onč́ə̑kten |
| onč́ə̑ | -kt | -en | -Ø |
| onč́o | -kte | -en | -Ø |
| look | -CAUS | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb2 | -deriv.v | -tense | -pers |
| onč́ə̑kten |
| onč́ə̑ | -kt | -en |
| onč́o | -kte | -en |
| look | -CAUS | -CVB |
| vb2 | -deriv.v | -adv |
|
| puat |
| pu | -at |
| pu | -at |
| wood | -and |
| no | -enc |
| puat |
| pu | -at |
| puo | -at |
| give | -3PL |
| vb2 | -pers |
| puat |
| pu | -at |
| puo | -at |
| blow | -3PL |
| vb2 | -pers |
| puat |
| pu | -a | -t |
| puo | -a | -at |
| give | -3SG | -and |
| vb2 | -pers | -enc |
| puat |
| pu | -a | -t |
| puo | -a | -at |
| blow | -3SG | -and |
| vb2 | -pers | -enc |
| puat |
| pu | -Ø | -at |
| puo | -Ø | -at |
| give | -CNG | -and |
| vb2 | -conn | -enc |
| puat |
| pu | -Ø | -at |
| puo | -Ø | -at |
| blow | -CNG | -and |
| vb2 | -conn | -enc |
|
| ə̑le. |
| ə̑l | -'e |
| ul | -Je |
| be | -PST1.3SG |
| vb1 | -tense.pers |
|
In the old days, the work to be done: When and how much to plough, which seeds to sow, what to use to fertilize the soil, how mean head of cattle to keep and other things - were dictated from above.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 15
Kresańə̑k škeβuja šonə̑mə̑žə̑m monden.
| Kresańə̑k |
| Kresańə̑k |
| kresańə̑k |
| peasant |
| no |
|
| škeβuja |
| škeβuja |
| škeβuja |
| oneself |
| av |
|
| šonə̑mə̑žə̑m |
| šonə̑mə̑ | -žə̑ | -m |
| šonə̑mo | -že | -m |
| desired | -3SG | -ACC |
| ad | -poss | -case |
| šonə̑mə̑žə̑m |
| šonə̑ | -mə̑ | -žə̑ | -m |
| šono | -me | -že | -m |
| think | -PTCP.PASS | -3SG | -ACC |
| vb2 | -ad | -poss | -case |
|
| monden. |
| mond | -en | -Ø |
| mondo | -en | -Ø |
| forget | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
| monden. |
| mond | -en |
| mondo | -en |
| forget | -CVB |
| vb2 | -adv |
|
Farmers forgot how to think on their own.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 16
Me ozanlə̑kə̑štə̑na u sisteme poč́eš pašam ə̑štə̑me dene kresańə̑kə̑m mlande deke pörtə̑ltə̑šna.
|
|
| ozanlə̑kə̑štə̑na |
| ozanlə̑k | -ə̑štə̑ | -na |
| ozanlə̑k | -šte | -na |
| economy | -INE | -1PL |
| no | -case | -poss |
| ozanlə̑kə̑štə̑na |
| oza | -n | -lə̑k | -ə̑štə̑ | -na |
| oza | -an | -lə̑k | -šte | -na |
| owner | -with | -for | -INE | -1PL |
| no | -deriv.ad | -deriv.ad | -case | -poss |
|
| u |
| u | -Ø |
| uo | -Ø |
| take.care.of | -IMP.2SG |
| vb2 | -mood.pers |
| u |
| u | -Ø |
| uo | -Ø |
| stroke | -IMP.2SG |
| vb2 | -mood.pers |
| u |
| u | -Ø |
| uo | -Ø |
| take.care.of | -CNG |
| vb2 | -conn |
| u |
| u | -Ø |
| uo | -Ø |
| stroke | -CNG |
| vb2 | -conn |
|
| sisteme |
| sisteme |
| sisteme |
| system |
| no |
|
| poč́eš |
| poč́eš |
| poč́eš |
| recent |
| ad/av/po |
| poč́eš |
| poč́ | -eš |
| poč́ | -eš |
| tail | -LAT |
| no | -case |
| poč́eš |
| poč́ | -eš |
| poč́ | -eš |
| open | -3SG |
| vb1 | -pers |
|
| pašam |
| paša | -m |
| paša | -m |
| work | -ACC |
| no | -case |
| pašam |
| paša | -m |
| paša | -em |
| work | -1SG |
| no | -poss |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -IMP.2SG |
| no | -deriv.v | -mood.pers |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -CNG |
| no | -deriv.v | -conn |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -CVB |
| no | -deriv.v | -adv |
|
| ə̑štə̑me |
| ə̑štə̑me |
| ə̑štə̑me |
| done |
| ad |
| ə̑štə̑me |
| ə̑štə̑ | -me |
| ə̑šte | -me |
| do | -PTCP.PASS |
| vb2 | -ad |
|
|
| kresańə̑kə̑m |
| kresańə̑k | -ə̑m |
| kresańə̑k | -m |
| peasant | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| mlande |
| mlande |
| mlande |
| land |
| no |
| mlande |
| mlande |
| mlande |
| Earth |
| pn |
|
|
| pörtə̑ltə̑šna. |
| pörtə̑ltə̑š | -na |
| pörtə̑ltə̑š | -na |
| restitution | -1PL |
| no | -poss |
| pörtə̑ltə̑šna. |
| pörtə̑ltə̑ | -š | -na |
| pörtə̑ltö | -š | -na |
| return | -PST1 | -1PL |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
|
With our work according to a new system in our enterprise we returned the farmers to the land.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 17
Sergej: - Šuko ozanlə̑kə̑šte jal gə̑č́ kajə̑mə̑lan köra pašajeŋ ogeš site.
| Sergej: - |
| Sergej |
| Sergej |
| Sergey |
| na |
|
| Šuko |
| Šuko |
| šuko |
| a.lot |
| ad/av/no |
|
| ozanlə̑kə̑šte |
| ozanlə̑k | -ə̑šte |
| ozanlə̑k | -šte |
| economy | -INE |
| no | -case |
| ozanlə̑kə̑šte |
| oza | -n | -lə̑k | -ə̑šte |
| oza | -an | -lə̑k | -šte |
| owner | -with | -for | -INE |
| no | -deriv.ad | -deriv.ad | -case |
|
|
| gə̑č́ |
| gə̑č́ |
| gə̑č́ |
| from |
| po |
|
| kajə̑mə̑lan |
| kajə̑mə̑ | -lan |
| kajə̑me | -lan |
| walking | -DAT |
| ad | -case |
| kajə̑mə̑lan |
| kajə̑mə̑ | -la | -n |
| kajə̑me | -la | -n |
| walking | -PL | -GEN |
| ad | -num | -case |
| kajə̑mə̑lan |
| kajə̑ | -mə̑ | -lan |
| kaje | -me | -lan |
| go | -PTCP.PASS | -DAT |
| vb2 | -ad | -case |
| kajə̑mə̑lan |
| kajə̑ | -mə̑ | -la | -n |
| kaje | -me | -la | -n |
| go | -PTCP.PASS | -PL | -GEN |
| vb2 | -ad | -num | -case |
|
| köra |
| köra |
| köra |
| because.of |
| po |
|
| pašajeŋ |
| pašajeŋ |
| pašajeŋ |
| worker |
| no |
|
| ogeš |
| og | -eš |
| og | -eš |
| NEG | -3SG |
| vb | -pers |
|
| site. |
| site | -Ø |
| site | -Ø |
| suffice | -IMP.2SG |
| vb2 | -mood.pers |
| site. |
| site | -Ø |
| site | -Ø |
| suffice | -CNG |
| vb2 | -conn |
|
Serge: A lot of enterprises don't have enough workers because of rural depopulation.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 18
A tendan ozanlə̑kə̑šte kuzerak?
|
|
| tendan |
| ten | -da | -n |
| te | -da | -n |
| 2PL | -2PL | -GEN |
| pr | -poss | -case |
| tendan |
| te | -n | -da | -n |
| te | -n | -da | -n |
| 2PL | -GEN | -2PL | -GEN |
| pr | -case | -poss | -case |
|
| ozanlə̑kə̑šte |
| ozanlə̑k | -ə̑šte |
| ozanlə̑k | -šte |
| economy | -INE |
| no | -case |
| ozanlə̑kə̑šte |
| oza | -n | -lə̑k | -ə̑šte |
| oza | -an | -lə̑k | -šte |
| owner | -with | -for | -INE |
| no | -deriv.ad | -deriv.ad | -case |
|
| kuzerak? |
| kuzerak |
| kuzerak |
| how |
| av |
| kuzerak? |
| kuze | -rak |
| kuze | -rak |
| how | -COMP |
| av/co/no/pa | -deg |
|
What's it like in your enterprise?
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 19
Iβan: - Ožno memnan denat pašajeŋ siten ogə̑l.
| Iβan: - |
| Iβan |
| Iβan |
| Ivan |
| na |
|
| Ožno |
| Ožno |
| ožno |
| once |
| av/po |
|
| memnan |
| mem | -na | -n |
| me | -na | -n |
| 1PL | -1PL | -GEN |
| pr | -poss | -case |
|
| denat |
| den | -at |
| den | -at |
| and | -and |
| co | -enc |
| denat |
| den | -at |
| dene | -at |
| with | -and |
| po | -enc |
|
| pašajeŋ |
| pašajeŋ |
| pašajeŋ |
| worker |
| no |
|
| siten |
| sit | -en | -Ø |
| site | -en | -Ø |
| suffice | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
| siten |
| sit | -en |
| site | -en |
| suffice | -CVB |
| vb2 | -adv |
|
| ogə̑l. |
| og | -Ø | -ə̑l | -Ø |
| og | -Ø | -ul | -Ø |
| NEG | -3SG | -be | -CNG |
| vb | -pers | -vb | -conn |
|
Ivan: We used to not have enough workers.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 20
Kə̑zə̑t arendə̑š kusnə̑mo dene paša βijə̑m kuč́ə̑ltmo šotə̑što probleme lektə̑n.
| Kə̑zə̑t |
| Kə̑zə̑t |
| kə̑zə̑t |
| now |
| av |
|
| arendə̑š |
| arendə̑ | -š |
| arende | -š |
| rent | -ILL |
| no | -case |
|
| kusnə̑mo |
| kusnə̑ | -mo |
| kusno | -me |
| move | -PTCP.PASS |
| vb2 | -ad |
|
|
|
| βijə̑m |
| βij | -ə̑m |
| βij | -m |
| power | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| kuč́ə̑ltmo |
| kuč́ə̑ltmo |
| kuč́ə̑ltmo |
| usage |
| ad |
| kuč́ə̑ltmo |
| kuč́ə̑lt | -mo |
| kuč́ə̑lt | -me |
| hold | -PTCP.PASS |
| vb1 | -ad |
|
| šotə̑što |
| šotə̑što |
| šotə̑što |
| regarding |
| po |
| šotə̑što |
| šot | -ə̑što |
| šot | -šte |
| use | -INE |
| no | -case |
|
| probleme |
| probleme |
| probleme |
| problem |
| no |
|
| lektə̑n. |
| lekt | -ə̑n | -Ø |
| lekt | -n | -Ø |
| go | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb1 | -tense | -pers |
| lektə̑n. |
| lekt | -ə̑n |
| lekt | -n |
| go | -CVB |
| vb1 | -adv |
|
Now problems have come up regarding the usage of work force with the transition to a rental system.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 21
Mutlan, onč́ə̑č́ mlande pašam 50 gə̑č́ 70 marte jeŋ šukten gə̑n, ə̑nde tide pašam 20 jeŋ ə̑šta.
| Mutlan, |
| Mutlan |
| mutlan |
| for.example |
| pa |
| Mutlan, |
| Mut | -lan |
| mut | -lan |
| word | -DAT |
| no | -case |
| Mutlan, |
| Mut | -la | -n |
| mut | -la | -n |
| word | -PL | -GEN |
| no | -num | -case |
|
| onč́ə̑č́ |
| onč́ə̑č́ |
| onč́ə̑č́ |
| from.in.front.of |
| av/po |
|
| mlande |
| mlande |
| mlande |
| land |
| no |
| mlande |
| mlande |
| mlande |
| Earth |
| pn |
|
| pašam |
| paša | -m |
| paša | -m |
| work | -ACC |
| no | -case |
| pašam |
| paša | -m |
| paša | -em |
| work | -1SG |
| no | -poss |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -IMP.2SG |
| no | -deriv.v | -mood.pers |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -CNG |
| no | -deriv.v | -conn |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -CVB |
| no | -deriv.v | -adv |
|
|
| gə̑č́ |
| gə̑č́ |
| gə̑č́ |
| from |
| po |
|
|
| marte |
| marte |
| marte |
| up.to |
| po |
|
|
| šukten |
| šukt | -en | -Ø |
| šukto | -en | -Ø |
| succeed.in | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
| šukten |
| šukt | -en |
| šukto | -en |
| succeed.in | -CVB |
| vb2 | -adv |
| šukten |
| šu | -kt | -en | -Ø |
| šu | -kte | -en | -Ø |
| reach | -CAUS | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb1 | -deriv.v | -tense | -pers |
| šukten |
| šu | -kt | -en | -Ø |
| šu | -kte | -en | -Ø |
| ferment | -CAUS | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb1 | -deriv.v | -tense | -pers |
| šukten |
| šu | -kt | -en | -Ø |
| šu | -kte | -en | -Ø |
| whittle | -CAUS | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb1 | -deriv.v | -tense | -pers |
| šukten |
| šu | -kt | -en |
| šu | -kte | -en |
| reach | -CAUS | -CVB |
| vb1 | -deriv.v | -adv |
| šukten |
| šu | -kt | -en |
| šu | -kte | -en |
| ferment | -CAUS | -CVB |
| vb1 | -deriv.v | -adv |
| šukten |
| šu | -kt | -en |
| šu | -kte | -en |
| whittle | -CAUS | -CVB |
| vb1 | -deriv.v | -adv |
|
|
| ə̑nde |
| ə̑nde |
| ə̑nde |
| now |
| av/pa |
|
|
| pašam |
| paša | -m |
| paša | -m |
| work | -ACC |
| no | -case |
| pašam |
| paša | -m |
| paša | -em |
| work | -1SG |
| no | -poss |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -IMP.2SG |
| no | -deriv.v | -mood.pers |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -CNG |
| no | -deriv.v | -conn |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -CVB |
| no | -deriv.v | -adv |
|
|
|
| ə̑šta. |
| ə̑št | -a |
| ə̑šte | -a |
| do | -3SG |
| vb2 | -pers |
|
For example, if earlier 50 to 70 people did agricultural work, now 20 people do this work.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 22
Tə̑gak βol'ə̑k onč́ə̑šo-βlakat utenə̑t.
| Tə̑gak |
| Tə̑gak |
| tə̑gak |
| like.this |
| ad/av/co/pa/pr |
|
| βol'ə̑k |
| βol'ə̑k |
| βol'ə̑k |
| cattle |
| no |
|
| onč́ə̑šo-βlakat |
| onč́ə̑šo | -βlak | -at |
| onč́ə̑šo | -βlak | -at |
| viewer | -PL | -and |
| no | -num | -enc |
| onč́ə̑šo-βlakat |
| onč́ə̑ | -šo | -βlak | -at |
| onč́o | -še | -βlak | -at |
| look | -PTCP.ACT | -PL | -and |
| vb2 | -ad | -num | -enc |
|
| utenə̑t. |
| ut | -en | -ə̑t |
| uto | -en | -ə̑t |
| become.superfluous | -PST2 | -3PL |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
| utenə̑t. |
| ut | -en | -ə̑t |
| uto | -en | -ə̑t |
| hurt | -PST2 | -3PL |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
|
Like this cattle hearders have become superfluous.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 23
Ə̑nde nunə̑lan pašam sitarə̑man.
| Ə̑nde |
| Ə̑nde |
| ə̑nde |
| now |
| av/pa |
|
| nunə̑lan |
| nunə̑lan |
| nunə̑lan |
| them |
| av |
| nunə̑lan |
| nuno | -lan |
| nuno | -lan |
| 3PL | -DAT |
| pr | -case |
| nunə̑lan |
| nunə̑ | -la | -n |
| nuno | -la | -n |
| they | -PL | -GEN |
| pr | -num | -case |
|
| pašam |
| paša | -m |
| paša | -m |
| work | -ACC |
| no | -case |
| pašam |
| paša | -m |
| paša | -em |
| work | -1SG |
| no | -poss |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -IMP.2SG |
| no | -deriv.v | -mood.pers |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -CNG |
| no | -deriv.v | -conn |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -CVB |
| no | -deriv.v | -adv |
|
| sitarə̑man. |
| sitarə̑ | -man |
| sitare | -man |
| gather | -INF.NEC |
| vb2 | -inf |
| sitarə̑man. |
| sitarə̑ | -m | -an |
| sitare | -me | -an |
| gather | -PTCP.PASS | -with |
| vb2 | -ad | -deriv.ad |
|
Now they need to be provided with work.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 24
Sergej: - Kušto nunə̑lan pašam muaš šoneda?
| Sergej: - |
| Sergej |
| Sergej |
| Sergey |
| na |
|
| Kušto |
| Kušto |
| kušto |
| where |
| av/co/pr |
| Kušto |
| Kuš | -to |
| kuš | -šte |
| where | -INE |
| av/co/pr | -case |
| Kušto |
| Kušto | -Ø |
| kušto | -Ø |
| grow | -IMP.2SG |
| vb2 | -mood.pers |
| Kušto |
| Kušto | -Ø |
| kušto | -Ø |
| dance | -IMP.2SG |
| vb2 | -mood.pers |
| Kušto |
| Kušto | -Ø |
| kušto | -Ø |
| grow | -CNG |
| vb2 | -conn |
| Kušto |
| Kušto | -Ø |
| kušto | -Ø |
| dance | -CNG |
| vb2 | -conn |
|
| nunə̑lan |
| nunə̑lan |
| nunə̑lan |
| them |
| av |
| nunə̑lan |
| nuno | -lan |
| nuno | -lan |
| 3PL | -DAT |
| pr | -case |
| nunə̑lan |
| nunə̑ | -la | -n |
| nuno | -la | -n |
| they | -PL | -GEN |
| pr | -num | -case |
|
| pašam |
| paša | -m |
| paša | -m |
| work | -ACC |
| no | -case |
| pašam |
| paša | -m |
| paša | -em |
| work | -1SG |
| no | -poss |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -IMP.2SG |
| no | -deriv.v | -mood.pers |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -CNG |
| no | -deriv.v | -conn |
| pašam |
| paša | -m | -Ø |
| paša | -em | -Ø |
| work | -TRANS | -CVB |
| no | -deriv.v | -adv |
|
| muaš |
| mu | -aš |
| mu | -aš |
| find | -INF |
| vb1 | -inf |
|
| šoneda? |
| šon | -eda |
| šono | -eda |
| think | -2PL |
| vb2 | -pers |
|
Sergey: Where do you think to find work for them?
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 25
Iβan: - Memnan ik jön gə̑na – podsobnə̑j ozanlə̑k.
| Iβan: - |
| Iβan |
| Iβan |
| Ivan |
| na |
|
| Memnan |
| mem | -na | -n |
| me | -na | -n |
| 1PL | -1PL | -GEN |
| pr | -poss | -case |
|
|
|
| gə̑na – |
| gə̑na |
| gə̑na |
| only |
| pa |
|
| podsobnə̑j |
| podsobnə̑j |
| podsobnə̑j |
| subsidiary |
| ad |
|
| ozanlə̑k. |
| ozanlə̑k |
| ozanlə̑k |
| economy |
| no |
| ozanlə̑k. |
| oza | -n | -lə̑k |
| oza | -an | -lə̑k |
| owner | -with | -for |
| no | -deriv.ad | -deriv.ad |
|
Ivan: we only have one method: part-time farming,
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 26
No tudo kə̑zə̑t marte memnan dene peš nač́arə̑n βijaŋə̑n.
|
|
|
| kə̑zə̑t |
| kə̑zə̑t |
| kə̑zə̑t |
| now |
| av |
|
| marte |
| marte |
| marte |
| up.to |
| po |
|
| memnan |
| mem | -na | -n |
| me | -na | -n |
| 1PL | -1PL | -GEN |
| pr | -poss | -case |
|
|
|
| nač́arə̑n |
| nač́arə̑n |
| nač́arə̑n |
| poorly |
| av |
| nač́arə̑n |
| nač́ar | -ə̑n |
| nač́ar | -n |
| weak | -GEN |
| ad/av | -case |
|
| βijaŋə̑n. |
| βijaŋ | -ə̑n | -Ø |
| βijaŋ | -n | -Ø |
| grow.stronger | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb1 | -tense | -pers |
| βijaŋə̑n. |
| βijaŋ | -ə̑n |
| βijaŋ | -n |
| grow.stronger | -CVB |
| vb1 | -adv |
| βijaŋə̑n. |
| βij | -aŋ | -ə̑n | -Ø |
| βij | -aŋ | -n | -Ø |
| power | -TRANS | -PST2 | -3SG |
| no | -deriv.v | -tense | -pers |
| βijaŋə̑n. |
| βij | -aŋ | -ə̑n |
| βij | -aŋ | -n |
| power | -TRANS | -CVB |
| no | -deriv.v | -adv |
|
But it is quite poorly developed for us till now.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 27
Posnak üdə̑r-βlaklan paša βer šagal.
| Posnak |
| Posnak |
| posnak |
| especially |
| av |
| Posnak |
| Posna | -k |
| posna | -ak |
| isolated | -STR |
| ad/av | -enc |
|
| üdə̑r-βlaklan |
| üdə̑r | -βlak | -lan |
| üdə̑r | -βlak | -lan |
| daughter | -PL | -DAT |
| no | -num | -case |
| üdə̑r-βlaklan |
| üdə̑r | -βlak | -lan |
| üdə̑r | -βlak | -lan |
| Virgo | -PL | -DAT |
| no | -num | -case |
|
|
|
| šagal. |
| šagal |
| šagal |
| little |
| ad/av/no |
|
There are few jobs for girls in particular.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 28
Sadlan ogə̑l mo memnan dene tač́ə̑se keč́ə̑lan 70 nare kač́ə̑marij ulo, a üdə̑r-βlakə̑m parńa denat šotlen lektaš liješ?
| Sadlan |
| Sadlan |
| sadlan |
| therefore |
| co |
| Sadlan |
| Sad | -lan |
| sad | -lan |
| garden | -DAT |
| no | -case |
| Sadlan |
| Sad | -la | -n |
| sad | -la | -n |
| garden | -PL | -GEN |
| no | -num | -case |
|
| ogə̑l |
| og | -Ø | -ə̑l | -Ø |
| og | -Ø | -ul | -Ø |
| NEG | -3SG | -be | -CNG |
| vb | -pers | -vb | -conn |
|
| mo |
| mo |
| mo |
| what |
| ad/av/pa/pr |
|
| memnan |
| mem | -na | -n |
| me | -na | -n |
| 1PL | -1PL | -GEN |
| pr | -poss | -case |
|
|
| tač́ə̑se |
| tač́ə̑se |
| tač́ə̑se |
| today's |
| ad |
| tač́ə̑se |
| tač́ə̑ | -se |
| tač́e | -se |
| today | -ADJ |
| ad/av | -deriv.ad |
|
| keč́ə̑lan |
| keč́ə̑ | -lan |
| keč́e | -lan |
| sun | -DAT |
| no | -case |
| keč́ə̑lan |
| keč́ə̑ | -la | -n |
| keč́e | -la | -n |
| sun | -PL | -GEN |
| no | -num | -case |
|
|
|
| kač́ə̑marij |
| kač́ə̑marij |
| kač́ə̑marij |
| bridegroom |
| no |
|
|
|
| üdə̑r-βlakə̑m |
| üdə̑r | -βlak | -ə̑m |
| üdə̑r | -βlak | -m |
| daughter | -PL | -ACC |
| no | -num | -case |
| üdə̑r-βlakə̑m |
| üdə̑r | -βlak | -ə̑m |
| üdə̑r | -βlak | -m |
| Virgo | -PL | -ACC |
| no | -num | -case |
|
| parńa |
| parńa |
| parńa |
| finger |
| no |
|
| denat |
| den | -at |
| den | -at |
| and | -and |
| co | -enc |
| denat |
| den | -at |
| dene | -at |
| with | -and |
| po | -enc |
|
| šotlen |
| šotl | -en | -Ø |
| šotlo | -en | -Ø |
| count | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
| šotlen |
| šotl | -en |
| šotlo | -en |
| count | -CVB |
| vb2 | -adv |
|
| lektaš |
| lekt | -aš |
| lekt | -aš |
| go | -INF |
| vb1 | -inf |
|
| liješ? |
| liješ |
| liješ |
| soon |
| pa |
| liješ? |
| lij | -eš |
| lij | -eš |
| be | -3SG |
| vb1 | -pers |
|
Isn't that why we currently have 70 young men, but can count the girls with our fingers?
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 29
Teβe č́oŋaltše kok pač́ašan pörtə̑štö βurgem urgə̑mo ceχə̑m poč́ə̑na.
| Teβe |
| Teβe |
| teβe |
| here |
| av/co/pa |
|
| č́oŋaltše |
| č́oŋalt | -še |
| č́oŋalt | -še |
| be.built | -PTCP.ACT |
| vb1 | -ad |
| č́oŋaltše |
| č́oŋalt | -še |
| č́oŋalt | -že |
| be.built | -IMP.3SG |
| vb1 | -mood.pers |
| č́oŋaltše |
| č́oŋ | -alt | -še |
| č́oŋo | -alt | -še |
| build | -REF | -PTCP.ACT |
| vb2 | -deriv.v | -ad |
| č́oŋaltše |
| č́oŋalt | -Ø | -še |
| č́oŋalt | -Ø | -že |
| be.built | -CNG | -3SG |
| vb1 | -conn | -poss |
| č́oŋaltše |
| č́oŋalt | -Ø | -še |
| č́oŋalt | -Ø | -že |
| be.built | -CVB | -3SG |
| vb1 | -adv | -poss |
| č́oŋaltše |
| č́oŋ | -alt | -še |
| č́oŋo | -alt | -že |
| build | -REF | -IMP.3SG |
| vb2 | -deriv.v | -mood.pers |
| č́oŋaltše |
| č́oŋ | -alt | -Ø | -še |
| č́oŋo | -alt | -Ø | -že |
| build | -REF | -CNG | -3SG |
| vb2 | -deriv.v | -conn | -poss |
| č́oŋaltše |
| č́oŋ | -alt | -Ø | -še |
| č́oŋo | -alt | -Ø | -že |
| build | -REF | -CVB | -3SG |
| vb2 | -deriv.v | -adv | -poss |
|
|
| pač́ašan |
| pač́ašan |
| pač́ašan |
| with.a.floor |
| ad |
| pač́ašan |
| pač́aš | -an |
| pač́aš | -an |
| floor | -with |
| no/po | -deriv.ad |
| pač́ašan |
| pač́aš | -an |
| pač́aš | -an |
| X | -with |
| ad | -deriv.ad |
|
| pörtə̑štö |
| pört | -ə̑štö |
| pört | -šte |
| house | -INE |
| no | -case |
| pörtə̑štö |
| pörtə̑š | -tö |
| pörtə̑š | -šte |
| coenurosis | -INE |
| no | -case |
|
| βurgem |
| βurgem |
| βurgem |
| clothes |
| no |
| βurgem |
| βurg | -em |
| βurgo | -em |
| stem | -1SG |
| no | -poss |
| βurgem |
| βurg | -em |
| βurgo | -em |
| be.worried | -1SG |
| vb2 | -pers |
| βurgem |
| βurg | -em | -Ø |
| βurgo | -em | -Ø |
| stem | -TRANS | -IMP.2SG |
| no | -deriv.v | -mood.pers |
| βurgem |
| βurg | -em | -Ø |
| βurgo | -em | -Ø |
| stem | -TRANS | -CNG |
| no | -deriv.v | -conn |
| βurgem |
| βurg | -em | -Ø |
| βurgo | -em | -Ø |
| stem | -TRANS | -CVB |
| no | -deriv.v | -adv |
|
| urgə̑mo |
| urgə̑mo |
| urgə̑mo |
| sewn |
| ad |
| urgə̑mo |
| urgə̑ | -mo |
| urgo | -me |
| sew | -PTCP.PASS |
| vb2 | -ad |
|
| ceχə̑m |
| ceχ | -ə̑m |
| ceχ | -m |
| work.hall | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| poč́ə̑na. |
| poč́ | -ə̑na |
| poč́ | -na |
| open | -1PL |
| vb1 | -pers |
|
So we'll open a clothing sewing shop in the two-floor building that's being built.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 30
Sergej: - Kə̑zə̑t kalə̑kə̑m izi jal probleme č́ot turgə̑žlandara.
| Sergej: - |
| Sergej |
| Sergej |
| Sergey |
| na |
|
| Kə̑zə̑t |
| Kə̑zə̑t |
| kə̑zə̑t |
| now |
| av |
|
| kalə̑kə̑m |
| kalə̑k | -ə̑m |
| kalə̑k | -m |
| people | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
|
|
| probleme |
| probleme |
| probleme |
| problem |
| no |
|
|
| turgə̑žlandara. |
| turgə̑žlandar | -a |
| turgə̑žlandare | -a |
| worry | -3SG |
| vb2 | -pers |
|
Serge: the problems of small villages are worrying people a lot nowadays.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 31
Tendan ozanlə̑kə̑šte izi jalə̑m aralen kodašlan mo ə̑štalteš?
| Tendan |
| ten | -da | -n |
| te | -da | -n |
| 2PL | -2PL | -GEN |
| pr | -poss | -case |
| Tendan |
| te | -n | -da | -n |
| te | -n | -da | -n |
| 2PL | -GEN | -2PL | -GEN |
| pr | -case | -poss | -case |
|
| ozanlə̑kə̑šte |
| ozanlə̑k | -ə̑šte |
| ozanlə̑k | -šte |
| economy | -INE |
| no | -case |
| ozanlə̑kə̑šte |
| oza | -n | -lə̑k | -ə̑šte |
| oza | -an | -lə̑k | -šte |
| owner | -with | -for | -INE |
| no | -deriv.ad | -deriv.ad | -case |
|
|
| jalə̑m |
| jal | -ə̑m |
| jal | -m |
| village | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| aralen |
| aral | -en | -Ø |
| arale | -en | -Ø |
| defend | -PST2 | -3SG |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
| aralen |
| aral | -en |
| arale | -en |
| defend | -CVB |
| vb2 | -adv |
|
| kodašlan |
| kod | -aš | -lan |
| kod | -aš | -lan |
| stay | -INF | -DAT |
| vb1 | -inf | -case |
| kodašlan |
| kod | -aš | -lan |
| kodo | -aš | -lan |
| leave | -INF | -DAT |
| vb2 | -inf | -case |
|
| mo |
| mo |
| mo |
| what |
| ad/av/pa/pr |
|
| ə̑štalteš? |
| ə̑štalt | -eš |
| ə̑štalt | -eš |
| be.done | -3SG |
| vb1 | -pers |
| ə̑štalteš? |
| ə̑št | -alt | -eš |
| ə̑šte | -alt | -eš |
| do | -REF | -3SG |
| vb2 | -deriv.v | -pers |
|
What is being done in your enterprise to preserve small villages?
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 32
Iβan: - Memnan ozanlə̑kə̑šte izi jal probleme uke.
| Iβan: - |
| Iβan |
| Iβan |
| Ivan |
| na |
|
| Memnan |
| mem | -na | -n |
| me | -na | -n |
| 1PL | -1PL | -GEN |
| pr | -poss | -case |
|
| ozanlə̑kə̑šte |
| ozanlə̑k | -ə̑šte |
| ozanlə̑k | -šte |
| economy | -INE |
| no | -case |
| ozanlə̑kə̑šte |
| oza | -n | -lə̑k | -ə̑šte |
| oza | -an | -lə̑k | -šte |
| owner | -with | -for | -INE |
| no | -deriv.ad | -deriv.ad | -case |
|
|
|
| probleme |
| probleme |
| probleme |
| problem |
| no |
|
|
Ivan: There are no problems of small villages in our enterprise.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 33
Me ikmə̑ńar ij onč́ə̑č́ asfal't korno dene č́ə̑la jalə̑m ušə̑šna, kažne jaleš keβə̑tə̑m, klubə̑m č́oŋə̑šna, kažne pörtə̑š puč́ dene βüdə̑m, gazə̑m purtə̑šna.
|
|
| ikmə̑ńar |
| ikmə̑ńar |
| ikmə̑ńar |
| some |
| pr |
|
| ij |
| ij | -Ø |
| ij | -Ø |
| swim | -IMP.2SG |
| vb1 | -mood.pers |
| ij |
| ij | -Ø |
| ij | -Ø |
| swim | -CNG |
| vb1 | -conn |
| ij |
| ij | -Ø |
| ij | -Ø |
| swim | -CVB |
| vb1 | -adv |
|
| onč́ə̑č́ |
| onč́ə̑č́ |
| onč́ə̑č́ |
| from.in.front.of |
| av/po |
|
| asfal't |
| asfal't |
| asfal't |
| asphalt |
| no |
|
| korno |
| korno |
| korno |
| road |
| no |
|
|
| č́ə̑la |
| č́ə̑la |
| č́ə̑la |
| everything |
| ad/pa/pr |
|
| jalə̑m |
| jal | -ə̑m |
| jal | -m |
| village | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| ušə̑šna, |
| ušə̑ | -š | -na |
| ušo | -š | -na |
| join | -PST1 | -1PL |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
| ušə̑šna, |
| ušə̑ | -š | -na |
| ušo | -š | -na |
| order | -PST1 | -1PL |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
|
| kažne |
| kažne |
| kažne |
| each |
| pr |
|
| jaleš |
| jal | -eš |
| jal | -eš |
| village | -LAT |
| no | -case |
|
| keβə̑tə̑m, |
| keβə̑t | -ə̑m |
| keβə̑t | -m |
| shop | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| klubə̑m |
| klub | -ə̑m |
| klub | -m |
| club | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| č́oŋə̑šna, |
| č́oŋə̑š | -na |
| č́oŋə̑š | -na |
| building | -1PL |
| no | -poss |
| č́oŋə̑šna, |
| č́oŋə̑ | -š | -na |
| č́oŋo | -š | -na |
| build | -PST1 | -1PL |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
|
| kažne |
| kažne |
| kažne |
| each |
| pr |
|
| pörtə̑š |
| pörtə̑š |
| pörtə̑š |
| coenurosis |
| no |
| pörtə̑š |
| pört | -ə̑š |
| pört | -š |
| house | -ILL |
| no | -case |
|
|
|
| βüdə̑m, |
| βüd | -ə̑m |
| βüd | -m |
| water | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| gazə̑m |
| gaz | -ə̑m |
| gaz | -m |
| gas | -ACC |
| no | -case |
| gazə̑m |
| gaz | -ə̑m |
| gaz | -m |
| gauze | -ACC |
| no | -case |
|
| purtə̑šna. |
| purtə̑ | -š | -na |
| purto | -š | -na |
| bring.in | -PST1 | -1PL |
| vb2 | -tense | -pers |
|
A few years ago, we joined up all the villages with asphalt roads, we built a shop and a club in every village, we brought water and gas into all the houses with pipes.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 34
Paša βerat sitə̑šə̑n ulo.
|
|
| βerat |
| βera | -t |
| βera | -et |
| belief | -2SG |
| no | -poss |
| βerat |
| βera | -t |
| βera | -at |
| belief | -and |
| no | -enc |
| βerat |
| βer | -at |
| βer | -at |
| place | -and |
| no | -enc |
|
| sitə̑šə̑n |
| sitə̑šə̑n |
| sitə̑šə̑n |
| sufficiently |
| av |
| sitə̑šə̑n |
| sitə̑š | -ə̑n |
| sitə̑š | -n |
| needs | -GEN |
| no | -case |
| sitə̑šə̑n |
| sitə̑šə̑ | -n |
| sitə̑še | -n |
| sufficient | -GEN |
| ad | -case |
| sitə̑šə̑n |
| sitə̑ | -šə̑ | -n |
| site | -še | -n |
| suffice | -PTCP.ACT | -GEN |
| vb2 | -ad | -case |
|
|
There are also enough jobs.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 35
Sergej: - Vašmutlanda peš kugu tau, Iβan Petroβič́.
| Sergej: - |
| Sergej |
| Sergej |
| Sergey |
| na |
|
| Vašmutlanda |
| Vašmut | -lan | -da |
| βašmut | -lan | -da |
| answer | -DAT | -2PL |
| no | -case | -poss |
|
|
|
| tau, |
| tau |
| tau |
| thanks |
| in/no |
|
|
| Petroβič́. |
| Petroβič́ |
| Petroβič́ |
| Petrovich |
| na |
|
Sergey: Thank you very much for your answers, Ivan Petrovich.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 36
Tetla mə̑j tendan žapdam nalaš om tošt.
| Tetla |
| Tetla |
| tetla |
| any.more |
| av |
| Tetla |
| te | -t | -la |
| te | -et | -la |
| 2PL | -2SG | -COMP |
| pr | -poss | -case |
| Tetla |
| Te | -t | -la |
| te | -et | -la |
| you | -2SG | -PL |
| pr | -poss | -num |
| Tetla |
| Te | -t | -la |
| te | -et | -la |
| you | -2SG | -STR |
| pr | -poss | -enc |
|
|
| tendan |
| ten | -da | -n |
| te | -da | -n |
| 2PL | -2PL | -GEN |
| pr | -poss | -case |
| tendan |
| te | -n | -da | -n |
| te | -n | -da | -n |
| 2PL | -GEN | -2PL | -GEN |
| pr | -case | -poss | -case |
|
| žapdam |
| žap | -da | -m |
| žap | -da | -m |
| time | -2PL | -ACC |
| no | -poss | -case |
|
| nalaš |
| nal | -aš |
| nal | -aš |
| take | -INF |
| vb1 | -inf |
|
| om |
| o | -m |
| o | -m |
| NEG | -1SG |
| vb | -pers |
|
| tošt. |
| tošt | -Ø |
| tošt | -Ø |
| dare | -IMP.2SG |
| vb1 | -mood.pers |
| tošt. |
| tošt | -Ø |
| tošt | -Ø |
| dare | -CNG |
| vb1 | -conn |
| tošt. |
| tošt | -Ø |
| tošt | -Ø |
| dare | -CVB |
| vb1 | -adv |
|
I don't dare to take up any more of your time.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 37
Umbakə̑žat č́ə̑la šotə̑štat u seŋə̑maške šuaš tə̑lanem.
| Umbakə̑žat |
| Umbakə̑ž | -at |
| umbakə̑že | -at |
| onward | -and |
| av | -enc |
| Umbakə̑žat |
| Umbakə̑ | -ž | -at |
| umbake | -že | -at |
| far | -3SG | -and |
| av | -poss | -enc |
|
| č́ə̑la |
| č́ə̑la |
| č́ə̑la |
| everything |
| ad/pa/pr |
|
| šotə̑štat |
| šotə̑št | -at |
| šotə̑što | -at |
| regarding | -and |
| po | -enc |
| šotə̑štat |
| šot | -ə̑št | -at |
| šot | -št | -at |
| use | -3PL | -and |
| no | -poss | -enc |
| šotə̑štat |
| šot | -ə̑št | -at |
| šot | -šte | -at |
| use | -INE | -and |
| no | -case | -enc |
|
| u |
| u | -Ø |
| uo | -Ø |
| take.care.of | -IMP.2SG |
| vb2 | -mood.pers |
| u |
| u | -Ø |
| uo | -Ø |
| stroke | -IMP.2SG |
| vb2 | -mood.pers |
| u |
| u | -Ø |
| uo | -Ø |
| take.care.of | -CNG |
| vb2 | -conn |
| u |
| u | -Ø |
| uo | -Ø |
| stroke | -CNG |
| vb2 | -conn |
|
| seŋə̑maške |
| seŋə̑maš | -ke |
| seŋə̑maš | -ške |
| victory | -ILL |
| no | -case |
| seŋə̑maške |
| seŋə̑ | -maš | -ke |
| seŋe | -maš | -ške |
| defeat | -NMLZ | -ILL |
| vb2 | -deriv.n | -case |
|
| šuaš |
| šuaš |
| šuaš |
| instead.of |
| po |
| šuaš |
| šu | -aš |
| šu | -aš |
| reach | -INF |
| vb1 | -inf |
| šuaš |
| šu | -aš |
| šu | -aš |
| ferment | -INF |
| vb1 | -inf |
| šuaš |
| šu | -aš |
| šu | -aš |
| whittle | -INF |
| vb1 | -inf |
| šuaš |
| šu | -aš |
| šuo | -aš |
| throw | -INF |
| vb2 | -inf |
|
| tə̑lanem. |
| tə̑lan | -em |
| tə̑lan | -em |
| wish | -1SG |
| no | -poss |
| tə̑lanem. |
| tə̑lan | -em |
| tə̑lane | -em |
| wish | -1SG |
| vb2 | -pers |
| tə̑lanem. |
| tə̑l | -an | -em |
| tə̑l | -an | -em |
| rear | -with | -1SG |
| no | -deriv.ad | -poss |
| tə̑lanem. |
| tə̑lan | -em | -Ø |
| tə̑lan | -em | -Ø |
| wish | -TRANS | -IMP.2SG |
| no | -deriv.v | -mood.pers |
| tə̑lanem. |
| tə̑lan | -em | -Ø |
| tə̑lan | -em | -Ø |
| wish | -TRANS | -CNG |
| no | -deriv.v | -conn |
| tə̑lanem. |
| tə̑lan | -em | -Ø |
| tə̑lan | -em | -Ø |
| wish | -TRANS | -CVB |
| no | -deriv.v | -adv |
| tə̑lanem. |
| tə̑l | -an | -em | -Ø |
| tə̑l | -an | -em | -Ø |
| rear | -with | -TRANS | -IMP.2SG |
| no | -deriv.ad | -deriv.v | -mood.pers |
| tə̑lanem. |
| tə̑l | -an | -em | -Ø |
| tə̑l | -an | -em | -Ø |
| rear | -with | -TRANS | -CNG |
| no | -deriv.ad | -deriv.v | -conn |
| tə̑lanem. |
| tə̑l | -an | -em | -Ø |
| tə̑l | -an | -em | -Ø |
| rear | -with | -TRANS | -CVB |
| no | -deriv.ad | -deriv.v | -adv |
|
I hope you will reach new accomplishments in all respects in future.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 38
Veskana užmeške č́eβerə̑n.
| Veskana |
| Veskana |
| βeskana |
| next.time |
| av |
|
| užmeške |
| užmeške |
| užmeške |
| goodbye |
| in |
| užmeške |
| už | -meške |
| už | -meške |
| see | -CVB.FUT |
| vb1 | -adv |
|
| č́eβerə̑n. |
| č́eβerə̑n |
| č́eβerə̑n |
| beautifully |
| av/in |
| č́eβerə̑n. |
| č́eβer | -ə̑n |
| č́eβer | -n |
| beautiful | -GEN |
| ad/av/no | -case |
|
Till we meet again, goodbye.
19: Ozanlə̑k βujlatə̑šə̑m mo turgə̑žlandara? - 39
Iβan: - Č́eβerə̑n.
| Iβan: - |
| Iβan |
| Iβan |
| Ivan |
| na |
|
| Č́eβerə̑n. |
| Č́eβerə̑n |
| č́eβerə̑n |
| beautifully |
| av/in |
| Č́eβerə̑n. |
| Č́eβer | -ə̑n |
| č́eβer | -n |
| beautiful | -GEN |
| ad/av/no | -case |
|
Ivan: Goodbye.
