Logowww.mari-language.com:ENGLISH | МАРЛА | ПО-РУССКИ
Main page » Corpus Tool » Mari-English Dictionary » jo

Corpus Tool Demo - Mari-English Dictionary - jo

Cyrillic | UPA | IPA

Previous Chapter | Next Chapter

[Instructions]

jeβrej kokla gə̑č́ lekše
jeβrej jə̑lme
jeβrej kalə̑k
jeβrej č́erke
jeβrejskij kβartal
jeβropejskij kul'tur
Rossijə̑n jeβropejskij užašə̑že
Jeβropo Ušem
Jeβropə̑so Ušem
jeβropə̑so el-βlak
jegeŕlan ə̑štaš
jegeŕ paša
jegeŕ uč́astke
arńa jeda
idalə̑k jeda
ij jeda
jüd jeda
kas jeda
keč́e jeda
kugarńa jeda
minut jeda
er jeda
βašlijme jeda
toškalme jeda
izbiratel'nə̑j okrug jeda
pört jeda
pört jeda šalanaš
surt jeda
tolšo-βlakə̑m pölem jeda βerlandaraš
jal jeda
poč́elamutə̑m stroka jeda lonč́ə̑laš
kok jedakaš
jedinican βektor
jedinican oŋgo
βiskalə̑me jedinice
jedinicə̑m šə̑ndaš
jedinice tidə̑m pala
jedinoβremennə̑j posobij
jedinolič́nə̑j ozanlə̑k
jedinonač́alij princip
jedinonač́alij principə̑m kuč́ə̑ltaš
βijan jedinstβe
jedinstβennə̑j č́isla
jedinə̑j programme
jedinə̑j sisteme
jedrit-kudrit, adak ondalə̑š
jekə̑m šoltaš
jekem tukə̑m
jekemet godso
jekemet žapə̑šte
jekemet marte kolaš liješ
jekemet žap
jemə̑m jamdə̑laš
jemə̑m pogaš
kuššo organizmlan jem küleš
koč́kə̑š jem
jemə̑ž kümö pagə̑t
jemə̑žə̑m pogaš
koč́o jemə̑ž
tamle jemə̑ž
č́odə̑ra jemə̑ž
pakč́a jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž puə̑šan
jemə̑ž puə̑šan βondo
jemə̑ž sad
jemə̑ž tam
jemə̑ž tuš
jemə̑žan βeršör
jemə̑žan mlande
jemə̑žan pušeŋge
šə̑žə̑lan šuko pušeŋge jemə̑žaŋeš
jemə̑žaŋə̑n šuaš
olma jemə̑žaŋə̑n šuə̑n
jemə̑žβüdə̑m jüaš
jemə̑ž-saskam pogaš
jemə̑ž-saska pušeŋge
jenot koβašte
jeŋ maneš
jeŋ ojla
jeŋ kutə̑rat
jeŋə̑m βoštə̑ltaš
istorijə̑n kugu jeŋ-βlakše
kugu jeŋ
örə̑ktarə̑še jeŋ
palə̑me jeŋ
samə̑rə̑k jeŋ
u jeŋ
üdə̑r jeŋ
jeŋ βoštə̑leš
izam jeŋ gaj koješ
jeŋ βerč́ kolaš
jeŋ gaj
jeŋ küšeš
jeŋ manmə̑la
jeŋ semə̑n
jeŋ semə̑n pašam kə̑rtmen ə̑štaš
jeŋ ojgə̑lan kuanə̑maš
jeŋ onč́ə̑lno
jeŋ ümbalne ilaš
jeŋ ümbalne ilen koštaš
jeŋ šeŋgelne ilaš
jeŋlan pašam ə̑štaš
jeŋə̑š lektaš
jeŋə̑n ludə̑žat kombo gaj koješ
jeŋ βoštə̑ltə̑šə̑š lektaš
jeŋ βoštə̑lč́ə̑kə̑š lektaš
jeŋ kid dene tulšolə̑m udə̑raš
jeŋ kid jə̑malne ilaš
jeŋ kid jə̑malne lijaš
jeŋ kid muč́ašte ilaš
jeŋ kidə̑šte ilaš
jeŋ kidə̑šte lijaš
jeŋ kniga
jeŋ surt
jeŋ šomakə̑m kolə̑štaš
jeŋ murə̑m muraš
jeŋ ümə̑lə̑štö ilaš
jeŋ šinč́am onč́aš
jeŋ šinč́arožə̑m onč́aš
jeŋ lüm dene
jeŋ ojlan üšanaš
jeŋ kašak
jeŋ kojə̑š
jeŋ kusnə̑maš
jeŋ tüs
jeŋ tüška
jeŋ šot dene
βič́ jeŋan
šagal jeŋan
šuko jeŋan
500 jeŋan jal
izam den jeŋgam unala tolə̑nə̑t
Marinan pelašə̑že jeŋgaž deke kuržə̑n
šketak ilen ertara poškudo jeŋga kugu surtə̑što
jeŋgam šoč́mo keč́emlan pölekə̑m konden
motor jeŋga uš gə̑č́ lektə̑n ok kert
poro er, jeŋgaj!
erte, jeŋgaj!
jeŋdə̑me surt
jeŋlə̑k paša
jeŋšot lonč́ə̑k
izi joč́a gaj jeŋə̑saš
kande jer
pundašdə̑me jer
jer βüd
jer kol
jer omə̑ž
jer pundaš
jergan šokš
rβeze č́otak jersa: pelašə̑žə̑m šona
jerundam ojlaš
jerə̑se kol
jerə̑se kuškə̑l
jesli tolat, ojlem
jestestβennə̑j granice
jestestβennə̑j ogə̑l
jestestβennə̑j sostojanij
jestestβoispə̑tatel'-βlak ojlə̑mo pošeš
šə̑laš jetšaš
jetə̑m βate
jetə̑m üdə̑r
mə̑jat ə̑nde ječ́aŋə̑m: ač́am pöleklen
uškalə̑n jolžo ječ́aŋə̑n
βaštar ječ́e
ječ́e dene koštaš
ječ́e dene munč́altaš
ječ́e dene taŋasə̑maš
puskak ječ́e
sonarze ječ́e
ječ́e botinke
ječ́e kandə̑ra
ječ́e kost'um
ječ́e sport
ječ́e škol
imńə̑n ječ́ə̑güč́ lijə̑n, törlen ruaš küleš
ječ́ə̑ze tüška
ješ deč́ ördə̑žə̑sö
ješ jeda
ješə̑m kudalten kajaš
ješə̑m pogaš
ješə̑n
ješə̑n aβaže
ješə̑šte ilə̑še
ik ješ gaj ilaš
ik ješla
kugu ješ
ulo ješge
ješ dene ilə̑še pač́emə̑š
kutko ješ
mükš ješ
pə̑rə̑s ješ
pire ješ
umdə̑r ješ
jə̑lme ješ
finn-ugor jə̑lme ješ
poč́elamutə̑m βozə̑šo ješ
Irina mə̑jə̑n ješem
ješ ilə̑š
ješ oza
ješ pial
ješ pört
ješ pojanlə̑k
arńa ješa
tolmo ješa
pört ješa
ješan jeŋ
ješan lijaš
kugu ješan
ješan pörjeŋ
ješan pareŋge
ješan-kuššan ulam, da tidə̑n dene kugešnem
ješan-surtan pörjeŋ
tudat ə̑nde ješan-šoč́šan lijə̑n
ergə̑mlanat ješaŋaš žap tolə̑n šuə̑n
ješaŋə̑n pə̑taš
č́ə̑la ikšə̑βemat ješaŋə̑n pə̑tenə̑t
ergə̑m ješaŋdaš
ješaŋše mužə̑r
ješaŋše mužə̑rə̑m salamlaš
tüška dek ješaraltaš
βütašte βol'ə̑kat šə̑žə̑lan ješaralteš
tenij pakč́asaska lektə̑š ješaraltə̑n
pašažə̑m šuko ə̑štem, pašadaremže gə̑na ok ješaralt
ješaralt kuššo
βij ješaraltmə̑m šižaš
saj tunemšə̑nat kažne ijə̑n ješaralt toleš
kažne ijə̑n knigagudo samə̑rə̑k aβtor-βlakə̑n pašašt dene ješaralt šoga
šürə̑š šinč́alə̑m ješaraltaš
βij ješaraltmaš
βol'ə̑k βuj ješaraltmaš
akə̑m ješaraš
βüdə̑m ješaraš
ješaraš pə̑štaš
puə̑m ješaraš
šinč́alə̑m šürə̑š ješaraš
nuno ikte-βesə̑štə̑m ješarat
mə̑lam ješaraš nimom
uβerə̑ške iktaž-mom ješaraš
šokšə̑m ješaraš
ojlo, nimom it ješare
mə̑j puə̑m ješaren tolam
šokšə̑m ješaren šogaš
ješaren βozaš
ješaren βujšijmaš
ješaren βujšijaš
ješaren kalasaš
ješaren optaš
ješaren sajlə̑maš
ješaren tülaš
ješaren tülə̑maš
ješaren umə̑ltarə̑še ojlonč́o
ješaren č́oŋə̑mo zdanij
ješaren ə̑štə̑me zdanij
emə̑ške βüdə̑m šolə̑p ješarkalaš
bokalə̑š arakam ješarkalaš
arakaške βüdə̑m ješarkalə̑maš
paša ješartə̑k
ješartə̑kan paša
izi maska - joč́an modə̑š polatšə̑lan ješartə̑š
ere ik žapə̑štak ješartə̑šə̑m ə̑šten šogə̑maš
ojlə̑mo poč́eš ješartə̑šə̑m kolə̑štaš
ječ́ə̑lan ješartə̑š
tüŋ pašadarlan ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š material
ješartə̑š oksa
ješartə̑š omsa
ješartə̑š pale
ješartə̑š kelə̑štarə̑maš
ješartə̑š poldə̑šoŋa
ješartə̑šlan kalasaš
pašadarlan ješarč́ə̑k
fl'agə̑ške βüdə̑m ješarə̑laš
ješarə̑me č́len
ješarə̑me jə̑žə̑ŋ
mə̑jə̑n ješarə̑šašem uke
ješdə̑me rβeze
samə̑rə̑k rβeze ješlana
tukə̑m gə̑č́ tukə̑mə̑š kusnə̑lšo ješlə̑k paša
ješšot serkalə̑še pölka
korno ješə̑n
pört ješə̑n
jal ješə̑n
ješə̑n-ješə̑n pajremlaš
tač́e memnan klubə̑što jolko liješ


Admin login:

[Search]

jeβrej – 1


jeβrej kokla gə̑č́ lekše

jeβrej
jeβrej
jeβrej
Jew
no
kokla
kokla
kokla
distance
ad/no
kokla
kok-la
kok-la
cook-COMP
no-case
kokla
kok-la
kok-la
two-COMP
nm-case
kokla
kok-la
kok-la
cook-PL
no-num
kokla
kok-la
kok-la
two-PL
nm-num
kokla
kok-la
kok-la
cook-STR
no-enc
kokla
kok-la
kok-la
two-STR
nm-enc
gə̑č́
gə̑č́
gə̑č́
from
po
lekše
lekše
lekše
coming.from
ad
lekše
lek-še
lekt-še
go-PTCP.ACT
vb1-ad
lekše
lek-še
lekt-že
go-IMP.3SG
vb1-mood.pers
lekše
lek-Ø-še
lekt-Ø-že
go-CNG-3SG
vb1-conn-poss
lekše
lek-Ø-še
lekt-Ø-že
go-CVB-3SG
vb1-adv-poss

of Jewish origin

jeβrej – 2


jeβrej jə̑lme

jeβrej
jeβrej
jeβrej
Jew
no
jə̑lme
jə̑lme
jə̑lme
tongue
no

Hebrew language, Hebrew

jeβrej – 3


jeβrej kalə̑k

jeβrej
jeβrej
jeβrej
Jew
no
kalə̑k
kalə̑k
kalə̑k
people
no

Jewish people

jeβrej – 4


jeβrej č́erke

jeβrej
jeβrej
jeβrej
Jew
no
č́erke
č́erke
č́erke
church
no
č́erke
č́erke
č́erke
skates
no

synagogue, Jewish temple

jeβrejskij – 1


jeβrejskij kβartal

jeβrejskij
jeβrejskij
jeβrejskij
Jewish
no
kβartal
kβartal
kβartal
quarter
no

Jewish district

jeβropejskij – 1


jeβropejskij kul'tur

jeβropejskij
jeβropejskij
jeβropejskij
European
ad
kul'tur
kul'tur
kul'tur
culture
no

European culture

jeβropejskij – 2


Rossijə̑n jeβropejskij užašə̑že

Rossijə̑n
Rossij-ə̑n
Rossij-n
Russia-GEN
pn-case
jeβropejskij
jeβropejskij
jeβropejskij
European
ad
užašə̑že
užaš-ə̑že
užaš-že
part-3SG
no-poss
užašə̑že
už-aš-ə̑že
už-aš-že
see-INF-3SG
vb1-inf-poss

European Russia

Jeβropo – 1


Jeβropo Ušem

Jeβropo
Jeβropo
Jeβropo
Europe
pn
Ušem
Ušem
ušem
union
no
Ušem
Uš-em
uš-em
mind-1SG
no-poss
Ušem
Uš-em
ušo-em
join-1SG
vb2-pers
Ušem
Uš-em
ušo-em
order-1SG
vb2-pers
Ušem
Uš-em-Ø
uš-em-Ø
mind-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
Ušem
Uš-em-Ø
uš-em-Ø
mind-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
Ušem
Uš-em-Ø
uš-em-Ø
mind-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv

European Union, EU

jeβropə̑so – 1


Jeβropə̑so Ušem

Jeβropə̑so
Jeβropə̑so
jeβropə̑so
European
ad
Jeβropə̑so
Jeβropə̑-so
Jeβropo-se
Europe-ADJ
pn-deriv.ad
Ušem
Ušem
ušem
union
no
Ušem
Uš-em
uš-em
mind-1SG
no-poss
Ušem
Uš-em
ušo-em
join-1SG
vb2-pers
Ušem
Uš-em
ušo-em
order-1SG
vb2-pers
Ušem
Uš-em-Ø
uš-em-Ø
mind-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
Ušem
Uš-em-Ø
uš-em-Ø
mind-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
Ušem
Uš-em-Ø
uš-em-Ø
mind-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv

European Union, EU

jeβropə̑so – 2


jeβropə̑so el-βlak

jeβropə̑so
jeβropə̑so
jeβropə̑so
European
ad
jeβropə̑so
jeβropə̑-so
jeβropo-se
Europe-ADJ
pn-deriv.ad
el-βlak
el-βlak
el-βlak
land-PL
no-num

European countriesЕ

jegeŕ – 1


jegeŕlan ə̑štaš

jegeŕlan
jegeŕ-lan
jegeŕ-lan
huntsman-DAT
no-case
jegeŕlan
jegeŕ-la-n
jegeŕ-la-n
huntsman-PL-GEN
no-num-case
ə̑štaš
ə̑št-aš
ə̑šte-aš
do-INF
vb2-inf

to work as a huntsman

jegeŕ – 2


jegeŕ paša

jegeŕ
jegeŕ
jegeŕ
huntsman
no
paša
paša
paša
work
no

a huntsman's work

jegeŕ – 3


jegeŕ uč́astke

jegeŕ
jegeŕ
jegeŕ
huntsman
no
uč́astke
uč́astke
uč́astke
plot
no

a huntman's plot

jeda – 1


arńa jeda

arńa
arńa
arńa
week
no
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

every week, weekly

jeda – 2


idalə̑k jeda

idalə̑k
idalə̑k
idalə̑k
year
no
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

every year, annually

jeda – 3


ij jeda

ij
ij
ij
year
no
ij
ij
ij
ice
no
ij
ij
ij
chisel
no
ij
ij-Ø
ij-Ø
swim-IMP.2SG
vb1-mood.pers
ij
ij-Ø
ij-Ø
swim-CNG
vb1-conn
ij
ij-Ø
ij-Ø
swim-CVB
vb1-adv
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

every year, annually

jeda – 4


jüd jeda

jüd
jüd
jüd
night
no
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

every night

jeda – 5


kas jeda

kas
kas
kas
evening
av/no
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

every evening

jeda – 6


keč́e jeda

keč́e
keč́e
keč́e
sun
no
keč́e
keč́e-Ø
keč́e-Ø
hang-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
keč́e
keč́e-Ø
keč́e-Ø
hang-CNG
vb2-conn
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

every day, daily

jeda – 7


kugarńa jeda

kugarńa
kugarńa
kugarńa
Friday
no
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

every Friday

jeda – 8


minut jeda

minut
minut
minut
minute
no
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

every minute

jeda – 9


er jeda

er
er
er
morning
ad/av/no
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

every morning

jeda – 10


βašlijme jeda

βašlijme
βašlijme
βašlijme
meeting
ad
βašlijme
βašlij-me
βašlij-me
meet-PTCP.PASS
vb1-ad
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

with every meeting

jeda – 11


toškalme jeda

toškalme
toškal-me
toškal-me
step-PTCP.PASS
vb1-ad
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

with every step

jeda – 12


izbiratel'nə̑j okrug jeda

izbiratel'nə̑j
izbiratel'nə̑j
izbiratel'nə̑j
electoral
ad
okrug
okrug
okrug
okrug
no
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

in every constituency, to every constituency

jeda – 13


pört jeda

pört
pört
pört
house
no
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

in every house, to every house

jeda – 14


pört jeda šalanaš

pört
pört
pört
house
no
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po
šalanaš
šalan-aš
šalane-aš
be.scattered-INF
vb2-inf

to disperse to one's respective home

jeda – 15


surt jeda

surt
surt
surt
farmstead
no
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

at every farmstead, to every farmstead

jeda – 16


tolšo-βlakə̑m pölem jeda βerlandaraš

tolšo-βlakə̑m
tolšo-βlak-ə̑m
tolšo-βlak-m
coming-PL-ACC
ad/no-num-case
tolšo-βlakə̑m
tol-šo-βlak-ə̑m
tol-še-βlak-m
come-PTCP.ACT-PL-ACC
vb1-ad-num-case
pölem
pölem
pölem
room
no
pölem
pöle-m
pöle-m
gender-ACC
ad/no-case
pölem
pöle-m
pöle-em
gender-1SG
ad/no-poss
pölem
pöl-em
pölö-em
divide-1SG
vb2-pers
pölem
pöle-m-Ø
pöle-em-Ø
gender-TRANS-IMP.2SG
ad/no-deriv.v-mood.pers
pölem
pöle-m-Ø
pöle-em-Ø
gender-TRANS-CNG
ad/no-deriv.v-conn
pölem
pöle-m-Ø
pöle-em-Ø
gender-TRANS-CVB
ad/no-deriv.v-adv
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po
βerlandaraš
βerlandar-aš
βerlandare-aš
put-INF
vb2-inf

to assign the newcomers to rooms

jeda – 17


jal jeda

jal
jal
jal
village
no
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

in every village, to every village

jeda – 18


poč́elamutə̑m stroka jeda lonč́ə̑laš

poč́elamutə̑m
poč́elamut-ə̑m
poč́elamut-m
poem-ACC
no-case
stroka
stroka
stroka
line
no
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po
lonč́ə̑laš
lonč́ə̑l-aš
lonč́ə̑lo-aš
divide.into.layers-INF
vb2-inf
lonč́ə̑laš
lonč́ə̑-la-š
lonč́o-la-š
layer-PL-ILL
no-num-case
lonč́ə̑laš
lonč́ə̑-la-š
lonč́o-la-eš
layer-PL-LAT
no-num-case

to analyze a poem line by line

jedakaš – 1


kok jedakaš

kok
kok
kok
cook
no
kok
kok
kok
two
nm
jedakaš
jedakaš
jedakaš
for.one.person
ad

for two people

jedinican – 1


jedinican βektor

jedinican
jedinican
jedinican
unit
no
jedinican
jedinic-an
jedinice-an
one-with
no-deriv.ad
βektor
βektor
βektor
vector
no

unit vector

jedinican – 2


jedinican oŋgo

jedinican
jedinican
jedinican
unit
no
jedinican
jedinic-an
jedinice-an
one-with
no-deriv.ad
oŋgo
oŋgo
oŋgo
loop
no

unit circle

jedinice – 1


βiskalə̑me jedinice

βiskalə̑me
βiskalə̑me
βiskalə̑me
measuring
ad
βiskalə̑me
βiskalə̑-me
βiskale-me
measure-PTCP.PASS
vb2-ad
jedinice
jedinice
jedinice
one
no

unit of measurement

jedinice – 2


jedinicə̑m šə̑ndaš

jedinicə̑m
jedinicə̑-m
jedinice-m
one-ACC
no-case
šə̑ndaš
šə̑nd-aš
šə̑nde-aš
put-INF
vb2-inf

to give a one

jedinice – 3


jedinice tidə̑m pala

jedinice
jedinice
jedinice
one
no
tidə̑m
tidə̑-m
tide-m
this-ACC
pr-case
pala
pal-a
pale-a
know-3SG
vb2-pers

few people know this

jedinoβremennə̑j – 1


jedinoβremennə̑j posobij

jedinoβremennə̑j
jedinoβremennə̑j
jedinoβremennə̑j
one-time
ad
posobij
posobij
posobij
allowance
no

one-time grantик: ик жаплан

jedinolič́nə̑j – 1


jedinolič́nə̑j ozanlə̑k

jedinolič́nə̑j
jedinolič́nə̑j
jedinolič́nə̑j
individual
ad
ozanlə̑k
ozanlə̑k
ozanlə̑k
economy
no
ozanlə̑k
oza-n-lə̑k
oza-an-lə̑k
owner-with-for
no-deriv.ad-deriv.ad

one-man farm, individual farm

jedinonač́alij – 1


jedinonač́alij princip

jedinonač́alij
jedinonač́alij
jedinonač́alij
one-man.management
no
princip
princip
princip
principle
no

the principle of one-man management

jedinonač́alij – 2


jedinonač́alij principə̑m kuč́ə̑ltaš

jedinonač́alij
jedinonač́alij
jedinonač́alij
one-man.management
no
principə̑m
princip-ə̑m
princip-m
principle-ACC
no-case
kuč́ə̑ltaš
kuč́ə̑lt-aš
kuč́ə̑lt-aš
hold-INF
vb1-inf

to make use of the principle of one-man management

jedinstβe – 1


βijan jedinstβe

βijan
βijan
βijan
strong
ad/av
βijan
βij-an
βij-an
power-with
no-deriv.ad
jedinstβe
jedinstβe
jedinstβe
unity
no

strong unity

jedinstβennə̑j – 1


jedinstβennə̑j č́isla

jedinstβennə̑j
jedinstβennə̑j
jedinstβennə̑j
singular
ad
č́isla
č́isla
č́isla
number
no

singular

jedinə̑j – 1


jedinə̑j programme

jedinə̑j
jedinə̑j
jedinə̑j
united
ad
programme
programme
programme
program
no

united program

jedinə̑j – 2


jedinə̑j sisteme

jedinə̑j
jedinə̑j
jedinə̑j
united
ad
sisteme
sisteme
sisteme
system
no

united system

jedrit-kudrit – 1


jedrit-kudrit, adak ondalə̑š

jedrit-kudrit,
jedrit-kudrit
jedrit-kudrit
X
in
adak
adak
adak
again
av
ondalə̑š
ondalə̑-š-Ø
ondale-š-Ø
deceive-PST1-3SG
vb2-tense-pers

oh for Pete's sake, (s)he lied again

jek – 1


jekə̑m šoltaš

jekə̑m
jek-ə̑m
jek-m
something.useless-ACC
no-case
šoltaš
šolt-aš
šolto-aš
boil-INF
vb2-inf

to cook up something inedible

jekem – 1


jekem tukə̑m

jekem
jekem
jekem
ancient
ad
jekem
jek-em
jek-em
something.useless-1SG
no-poss
jekem
jek-em-Ø
jek-em-Ø
something.useless-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
jekem
jek-em-Ø
jek-em-Ø
something.useless-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
jekem
jek-em-Ø
jek-em-Ø
something.useless-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
tukə̑m
tukə̑m
tukə̑m
family
no

ancient ancestor

jekemet – 1


jekemet godso

jekemet
jekemet
jekemet
ancient.times
no
jekemet
jekem-et
jekem-et
ancient-2SG
ad-poss
jekemet
jek-em-et
jek-em-et
something.useless-TRANS-2SG
no-deriv.v-pers
godso
godso
godso
of.the.time
ad/no

ancient

jekemet – 2


jekemet žapə̑šte

jekemet
jekemet
jekemet
ancient.times
no
jekemet
jekem-et
jekem-et
ancient-2SG
ad-poss
jekemet
jek-em-et
jek-em-et
something.useless-TRANS-2SG
no-deriv.v-pers
žapə̑šte
žapə̑šte
žapə̑šte
in.time
av/po
žapə̑šte
žap-ə̑šte
žap-šte
time-INE
no-case

in ancient times

jekemet – 3


jekemet marte kolaš liješ

jekemet
jekemet
jekemet
ancient.times
no
jekemet
jekem-et
jekem-et
ancient-2SG
ad-poss
jekemet
jek-em-et
jek-em-et
something.useless-TRANS-2SG
no-deriv.v-pers
marte
marte
marte
up.to
po
kolaš
kol-aš
kol-aš
hear-INF
vb1-inf
kolaš
kol-aš
kolo-aš
die-INF
vb2-inf
liješ
liješ
liješ
soon
pa
liješ
lij-eš
lij-eš
be-3SG
vb1-pers

it can be heard a long way away

jekemet – 4


jekemet žap

jekemet
jekemet
jekemet
ancient.times
no
jekemet
jekem-et
jekem-et
ancient-2SG
ad-poss
jekemet
jek-em-et
jek-em-et
something.useless-TRANS-2SG
no-deriv.v-pers
žap
žap
žap
time
no

ancient times, antiquity

jem – 1


jemə̑m jamdə̑laš

jemə̑m
jem-ə̑m
jem-m
animal.fodder-ACC
no-case
jamdə̑laš
jamdə̑l-aš
jamdə̑le-aš
prepare-INF
vb2-inf
jamdə̑laš
jamdə̑-la-š
jamde-la-š
ready-PL-ILL
ad-num-case
jamdə̑laš
jamdə̑-la-š
jamde-la-eš
ready-PL-LAT
ad-num-case

to prepare fodder

jem – 2


jemə̑m pogaš

jemə̑m
jem-ə̑m
jem-m
animal.fodder-ACC
no-case
pogaš
pog-aš
pogo-aš
gather-INF
vb2-inf

to gather nectar

jem – 3


kuššo organizmlan jem küleš

kuššo
kuššo
kuššo
growing
ad
kuššo
kuš-šo
kušk-še
grow-PTCP.ACT
vb1-ad
kuššo
kuš-šo
kuš-že
where-3SG
av/co/pr-poss
kuššo
kuš-šo
kušk-že
grow-IMP.3SG
vb1-mood.pers
kuššo
kuš-Ø-šo
kušk-Ø-že
grow-CNG-3SG
vb1-conn-poss
kuššo
kuš-Ø-šo
kušk-Ø-že
grow-CVB-3SG
vb1-adv-poss
organizmlan
organizm-lan
organizm-lan
organism-DAT
no-case
organizmlan
organizm-la-n
organizm-la-n
organism-PL-GEN
no-num-case
jem
jem
jem
animal.fodder
no
küleš
küleš
küleš
need
ad/no
küleš
kül-eš
kül-eš
be.necessary-3SG
vb1-pers

a growing organism needs calories

jem – 4


koč́kə̑š jem

koč́kə̑š
koč́kə̑š
koč́kə̑š
food
no
jem
jem
jem
animal.fodder
no

taste of food

jemə̑ž – 1


jemə̑ž kümö pagə̑t

jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
berry
no
kümö
kü-mö
kü-me
ripen-PTCP.PASS
vb1-ad
pagə̑t
pagə̑t
pagə̑t
time
no

berry season, time when berries are ripe

jemə̑ž – 2


jemə̑žə̑m pogaš

jemə̑žə̑m
jemə̑ž-ə̑m
jemə̑ž-m
berry-ACC
no-case
pogaš
pog-aš
pogo-aš
gather-INF
vb2-inf

to pick berries

jemə̑ž – 3


koč́o jemə̑ž

koč́o
koč́o
koč́o
bitter
ad/no
koč́o
koč́o-Ø
koč́o-Ø
become.bitter-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
koč́o
koč́o-Ø
koč́o-Ø
become.bitter-CNG
vb2-conn
jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
berry
no

bitter berries

jemə̑ž – 4


tamle jemə̑ž

tamle
tamle
tamle
tasty
ad
tamle
tamle-Ø
tamle-Ø
taste-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
tamle
tamle-Ø
tamle-Ø
taste-CNG
vb2-conn
jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
berry
no

tasty berries

jemə̑ž – 5


č́odə̑ra jemə̑ž

č́odə̑ra
č́odə̑ra
č́odə̑ra
forest
no
č́odə̑ra
č́odə̑ra
č́odə̑ra
coarse
ad
jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
berry
no

forest berries

jemə̑ž – 6


pakč́a jemə̑ž

pakč́a
pakč́a
pakč́a
garden
no
jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
berry
no

vegetable

jemə̑ž – 7


jemə̑ž puə̑šan

jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
berry
no
puə̑šan
puə̑š-an
puə̑šo-an
giver-with
no-deriv.ad
puə̑šan
puə̑š-an
puə̑šo-an
blowing-with
ad/no-deriv.ad
puə̑šan
puə̑-š-an
puo-še-an
give-PTCP.ACT-with
vb2-ad-deriv.ad
puə̑šan
puə̑-š-an
puo-še-an
blow-PTCP.ACT-with
vb2-ad-deriv.ad

fruit-giving, fruit-bearing

jemə̑ž – 8


jemə̑ž puə̑šan βondo

jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
berry
no
puə̑šan
puə̑š-an
puə̑šo-an
giver-with
no-deriv.ad
puə̑šan
puə̑š-an
puə̑šo-an
blowing-with
ad/no-deriv.ad
puə̑šan
puə̑-š-an
puo-še-an
give-PTCP.ACT-with
vb2-ad-deriv.ad
puə̑šan
puə̑-š-an
puo-še-an
blow-PTCP.ACT-with
vb2-ad-deriv.ad
βondo
βondo
βondo
bush
no

fruit-giving bush

jemə̑ž – 9


jemə̑ž sad

jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
berry
no
sad
sad
sad
garden
no

orchard

jemə̑ž – 10


jemə̑ž tam

jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
berry
no
tam
tam
tam
taste
no

berry taste, fruit taste, fruity taste

jemə̑ž – 11


jemə̑ž tuš

jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
jemə̑ž
berry
no
tuš
tuš
tuš
seed
no
tuš
tuš
tuš
flourish
no
tuš
tuš
tuš
there
av/pr
tuš
tu-š
tu-š
that-ILL
pr-case
tuš
tu-š
tu-š
gland-ILL
no-case
tuš
tu-š
tu-š
banner-ILL
no-case

fruit seed

jemə̑žan – 1


jemə̑žan βeršör

jemə̑žan
jemə̑žan
jemə̑žan
with.berries
ad
jemə̑žan
jemə̑ž-an
jemə̑ž-an
berry-with
no-deriv.ad
βeršör
βeršör
βeršör
area
no

place where berries grow

jemə̑žan – 2


jemə̑žan mlande

jemə̑žan
jemə̑žan
jemə̑žan
with.berries
ad
jemə̑žan
jemə̑ž-an
jemə̑ž-an
berry-with
no-deriv.ad
mlande
mlande
mlande
land
no
mlande
mlande
mlande
Earth
pn

land rich in berries

jemə̑žan – 3


jemə̑žan pušeŋge

jemə̑žan
jemə̑žan
jemə̑žan
with.berries
ad
jemə̑žan
jemə̑ž-an
jemə̑ž-an
berry-with
no-deriv.ad
pušeŋge
pušeŋge
pušeŋge
tree
no

fruit tree

jemə̑žaŋaš (-am) – 1


šə̑žə̑lan šuko pušeŋge jemə̑žaŋeš

šə̑žə̑lan
šə̑žə̑lan
šə̑žə̑lan
for.autumn
av
šə̑žə̑lan
šə̑žə̑-lan
šə̑že-lan
autumn-DAT
no-case
šə̑žə̑lan
šə̑žə̑-la-n
šə̑že-la-n
autumn-PL-GEN
no-num-case
šuko
šuko
šuko
a.lot
ad/av/no
pušeŋge
pušeŋge
pušeŋge
tree
no
jemə̑žaŋeš
jemə̑žaŋ-eš
jemə̑žaŋ-eš
bear.fruit-3SG
vb1-pers
jemə̑žaŋeš
jemə̑ž-aŋ-eš
jemə̑ž-aŋ-eš
berry-TRANS-3SG
no-deriv.v-pers

by autumn many trees will bear fruit

jemə̑žaŋaš (-am) – 2


jemə̑žaŋə̑n šuaš

jemə̑žaŋə̑n
jemə̑žaŋ-ə̑n-Ø
jemə̑žaŋ-n-Ø
bear.fruit-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
jemə̑žaŋə̑n
jemə̑žaŋ-ə̑n
jemə̑žaŋ-n
bear.fruit-CVB
vb1-adv
jemə̑žaŋə̑n
jemə̑ž-aŋ-ə̑n-Ø
jemə̑ž-aŋ-n-Ø
berry-TRANS-PST2-3SG
no-deriv.v-tense-pers
jemə̑žaŋə̑n
jemə̑ž-aŋ-ə̑n
jemə̑ž-aŋ-n
berry-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
šuaš
šuaš
šuaš
instead.of
po
šuaš
šu-aš
šu-aš
reach-INF
vb1-inf
šuaš
šu-aš
šu-aš
ferment-INF
vb1-inf
šuaš
šu-aš
šu-aš
whittle-INF
vb1-inf
šuaš
šu-aš
šuo-aš
throw-INF
vb2-inf

to ripen, to mature

jemə̑žaŋaš (-am) – 3


olma jemə̑žaŋə̑n šuə̑n

olma
olma
olma
apple
ad/no
jemə̑žaŋə̑n
jemə̑žaŋ-ə̑n-Ø
jemə̑žaŋ-n-Ø
bear.fruit-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
jemə̑žaŋə̑n
jemə̑žaŋ-ə̑n
jemə̑žaŋ-n
bear.fruit-CVB
vb1-adv
jemə̑žaŋə̑n
jemə̑ž-aŋ-ə̑n-Ø
jemə̑ž-aŋ-n-Ø
berry-TRANS-PST2-3SG
no-deriv.v-tense-pers
jemə̑žaŋə̑n
jemə̑ž-aŋ-ə̑n
jemə̑ž-aŋ-n
berry-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
šuə̑n
šuə̑n
šuə̑n
no.matter
pa
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n
šu-n
bran-GEN
no-case
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n
šu-n
bristle-GEN
no-case
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n
šu-n
eye-GEN
no-case
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n
šu-n
spring.water-GEN
no-case
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n-Ø
šu-n-Ø
reach-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n-Ø
šu-n-Ø
ferment-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n-Ø
šu-n-Ø
whittle-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n
šu-n
reach-CVB
vb1-adv
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n
šu-n
ferment-CVB
vb1-adv
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n
šu-n
whittle-CVB
vb1-adv

the apples have become ripe

jemə̑žβüd – 1


jemə̑žβüdə̑m jüaš

jemə̑žβüdə̑m
jemə̑žβüd-ə̑m
jemə̑žβüd-m
juice-ACC
no-case
jüaš
jü-aš
jü-aš
drink-INF
vb1-inf

to drink juice

jemə̑ž-saska – 1


jemə̑ž-saskam pogaš

jemə̑ž-saskam
jemə̑ž-saska-m
jemə̑ž-saska-m
fruit.and.berries-ACC
no-case
jemə̑ž-saskam
jemə̑ž-saska-m
jemə̑ž-saska-em
fruit.and.berries-1SG
no-poss
jemə̑ž-saskam
jemə̑ž-saska-m-Ø
jemə̑ž-saska-em-Ø
fruit.and.berries-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
jemə̑ž-saskam
jemə̑ž-saska-m-Ø
jemə̑ž-saska-em-Ø
fruit.and.berries-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
jemə̑ž-saskam
jemə̑ž-saska-m-Ø
jemə̑ž-saska-em-Ø
fruit.and.berries-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
pogaš
pog-aš
pogo-aš
gather-INF
vb2-inf

to collect fruit and berries

jemə̑ž-saska – 2


jemə̑ž-saska pušeŋge

jemə̑ž-saska
jemə̑ž-saska
jemə̑ž-saska
fruit.and.berries
no
pušeŋge
pušeŋge
pušeŋge
tree
no

fruit tree

jenot – 1


jenot koβašte

jenot
jenot
jenot
raccoon
no
koβašte
koβašte
koβašte
skin
no
koβašte
koβa-šte
koβa-šte
grandmother-INE
no-case

raccoon skin

jeŋ – 1


jeŋ maneš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
maneš
maneš
maneš
it.is.said
av
maneš
man-eš
man-eš
say-3SG
vb1-pers

people say

jeŋ – 2


jeŋ ojla

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
ojla
oj-la
oj-la
opinion-COMP
no-case
ojla
oj-la
oj-la
opinion-PL
no-num
ojla
oj-la
oj-la
opinion-STR
no-enc
ojla
oj-la
oj-la
oh-STR
in-enc
ojla
ojl-a
ojlo-a
talk-3SG
vb2-pers
ojla
oj-Ø-la
ojo-Ø-la
fast-CNG-STR
vb2-conn-enc
ojla
oj-Ø-la
ojo-Ø-la
fear-CNG-STR
vb2-conn-enc

people say

jeŋ – 3


jeŋ kutə̑rat

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
kutə̑rat
kutə̑r-at
kutə̑r-at
talkative-and
no-enc
kutə̑rat
kutə̑r-at
kutə̑ro-at
talk-3PL
vb2-pers
kutə̑rat
kutə̑r-a-t
kutə̑ro-a-at
talk-3SG-and
vb2-pers-enc
kutə̑rat
kutə̑r-Ø-at
kutə̑ro-Ø-at
talk-CNG-and
vb2-conn-enc

people say

jeŋ – 4


jeŋə̑m βoštə̑ltaš

jeŋə̑m
jeŋ-ə̑m
jeŋ-m
person-ACC
ad/no-case
βoštə̑ltaš
βoštə̑lt-aš
βoštə̑lto-aš
make.somebody.laugh-INF
vb2-inf

to be a laughingstock

jeŋ – 5


istorijə̑n kugu jeŋ-βlakše

istorijə̑n
istorij-ə̑n
istorij-n
history-GEN
no-case
kugu
kugu
kugu
big
ad/no
jeŋ-βlakše
jeŋ-βlak-še
jeŋ-βlak-že
person-PL-3SG
ad/no-num-poss

the great figures of history

jeŋ – 6


kugu jeŋ

kugu
kugu
kugu
big
ad/no
jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no

great person

jeŋ – 7


örə̑ktarə̑še jeŋ

örə̑ktarə̑še
örə̑ktarə̑še
örə̑ktarə̑še
amazing
ad
örə̑ktarə̑še
örə̑ktarə̑-še
örə̑ktare-še
surprise-PTCP.ACT
vb2-ad
jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no

strange person, strange character

jeŋ – 8


palə̑me jeŋ

palə̑me
palə̑me
palə̑me
known
ad
palə̑me
palə̑-me
pale-me
know-PTCP.PASS
vb2-ad
jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no

familiar person

jeŋ – 9


samə̑rə̑k jeŋ

samə̑rə̑k
samə̑rə̑k
samə̑rə̑k
young
ad/no
jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no

young man

jeŋ – 10


u jeŋ

u
u
u
new
ad/no
u
u
u
oh
in
u
u-Ø
uo-Ø
take.care.of-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
u
u-Ø
uo-Ø
stroke-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
u
u-Ø
uo-Ø
take.care.of-CNG
vb2-conn
u
u-Ø
uo-Ø
stroke-CNG
vb2-conn
jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no

beginner

jeŋ – 11


üdə̑r jeŋ

üdə̑r
üdə̑r
üdə̑r
daughter
no
üdə̑r
üdə̑r
üdə̑r
Virgo
no
jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no

woman

jeŋ – 12


jeŋ βoštə̑leš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
βoštə̑leš
βoštə̑l-eš
βoštə̑l-eš
laugh-3SG
vb1-pers

people will laugh

jeŋ – 13


izam jeŋ gaj koješ

izam
iza-m
iza-m
older.brother-ACC
no-case
izam
iza-m
iza-em
older.brother-1SG
no-poss
izam
iza-m-Ø
iza-em-Ø
older.brother-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
izam
iza-m-Ø
iza-em-Ø
older.brother-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
izam
iza-m-Ø
iza-em-Ø
older.brother-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
gaj
gaj
gaj
like
ad/av/pa/po
koješ
koješ
koješ
it.seems
pa
koješ
koj-eš
koj-eš
be.visible-3SG
vb1-pers

my brother looks nothing like me

jeŋ – 14


jeŋ βerč́ kolaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
βerč́
βerč́
βerč́
for
po
kolaš
kol-aš
kol-aš
hear-INF
vb1-inf
kolaš
kol-aš
kolo-aš
die-INF
vb2-inf

to die needlessly, to sacrifice oneself needlessly

jeŋ – 15


jeŋ gaj

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
gaj
gaj
gaj
like
ad/av/pa/po

like someone else, like a stranger

jeŋ – 16


jeŋ küšeš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
küšeš
küšeš
küšeš
at.expense.of
po
küšeš
küš-eš
küšö-eš
boiled-LAT
ad-case
küšeš
kü-š-eš
kü-še-eš
ripen-PTCP.ACT-LAT
vb1-ad-case

at the expense of others, at someone else's expense, living off others

jeŋ – 17


jeŋ manmə̑la

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
manmə̑la
man-mə̑la
man-mə̑la
say-INF.FUT
vb1-inf
manmə̑la
man-mə̑-la
man-me-la
say-PTCP.PASS-COMP
vb1-ad-case
manmə̑la
man-mə̑-la
man-me-la
say-PTCP.PASS-PL
vb1-ad-num
manmə̑la
man-mə̑-la
man-me-la
say-PTCP.PASS-STR
vb1-ad-enc

as it's said, as the story goes

jeŋ – 18


jeŋ semə̑n

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
semə̑n
semə̑n
semə̑n
like
po
semə̑n
sem-ə̑n
sem-n
melody-GEN
no-case
semə̑n
sem-ə̑n
sem-n
sense-GEN
no-case

as it should be, as others would, properly

jeŋ – 19


jeŋ semə̑n pašam kə̑rtmen ə̑štaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
semə̑n
semə̑n
semə̑n
like
po
semə̑n
sem-ə̑n
sem-n
melody-GEN
no-case
semə̑n
sem-ə̑n
sem-n
sense-GEN
no-case
pašam
paša-m
paša-m
work-ACC
no-case
pašam
paša-m
paša-em
work-1SG
no-poss
pašam
paša-m-Ø
paša-em-Ø
work-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
pašam
paša-m-Ø
paša-em-Ø
work-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
pašam
paša-m-Ø
paša-em-Ø
work-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
kə̑rtmen
kə̑rtm-en-Ø
kə̑rtme-en-Ø
strain.oneself-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
kə̑rtmen
kə̑rtm-en
kə̑rtme-en
strain.oneself-CVB
vb2-adv
ə̑štaš
ə̑št-aš
ə̑šte-aš
do-INF
vb2-inf

to work hard as one should

jeŋ – 20


jeŋ ojgə̑lan kuanə̑maš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
ojgə̑lan
ojgə̑-lan
ojgo-lan
grief-DAT
no-case
ojgə̑lan
ojgə̑-la-n
ojgo-la-n
grief-PL-GEN
no-num-case
kuanə̑maš
kuanə̑maš
kuanə̑maš
joy
no
kuanə̑maš
kuanə̑-maš
kuane-maš
rejoice-NMLZ
vb2-deriv.n

schadenfreude

jeŋ – 21


jeŋ onč́ə̑lno

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
onč́ə̑lno
onč́ə̑lno
onč́ə̑lno
in.front
av/po

publicly, openly

jeŋ – 22


jeŋ ümbalne ilaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
ümbalne
ümbalne
ümbalne
above
av/po
ilaš
il-aš
ile-aš
live-INF
vb2-inf

to be in someone else's service, to be a hired hand

jeŋ – 23


jeŋ ümbalne ilen koštaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
ümbalne
ümbalne
ümbalne
above
av/po
ilen
il'e-n
il'e-n
damp-GEN
ad-case
ilen
il-en-Ø
ile-en-Ø
live-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ilen
il-en
ile-en
live-CVB
vb2-adv
koštaš
košt-aš
košt-aš
go-INF
vb1-inf
koštaš
košt-aš
košto-aš
dry-INF
vb2-inf

to be in someone else's service, to be a hired hand

jeŋ – 24


jeŋ šeŋgelne ilaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
šeŋgelne
šeŋgelne
šeŋgelne
behind
av/po
ilaš
il-aš
ile-aš
live-INF
vb2-inf

to live off someone

jeŋ – 25


jeŋlan pašam ə̑štaš

jeŋlan
jeŋ-lan
jeŋ-lan
person-DAT
ad/no-case
jeŋlan
jeŋ-la-n
jeŋ-la-n
person-PL-GEN
ad/no-num-case
pašam
paša-m
paša-m
work-ACC
no-case
pašam
paša-m
paša-em
work-1SG
no-poss
pašam
paša-m-Ø
paša-em-Ø
work-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
pašam
paša-m-Ø
paša-em-Ø
work-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
pašam
paša-m-Ø
paša-em-Ø
work-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
ə̑štaš
ə̑št-aš
ə̑šte-aš
do-INF
vb2-inf

to do work for others

jeŋ – 26


jeŋə̑š lektaš

jeŋə̑š
jeŋ-ə̑š
jeŋ-š
person-ILL
ad/no-case
lektaš
lekt-aš
lekt-aš
go-INF
vb1-inf

to get somewhere, to succeed

jeŋ – 27


jeŋə̑n ludə̑žat kombo gaj koješ

jeŋə̑n
jeŋ-ə̑n
jeŋ-n
person-GEN
ad/no-case
ludə̑žat
ludə̑-ž-at
ludo-že-at
duck-3SG-and
no-poss-enc
ludə̑žat
ludə̑-ž-at
ludo-že-at
gray-3SG-and
ad-poss-enc
ludə̑žat
lud-ə̑-ž-at
lud-Je-že-at
read-PST1.3SG-3SG-and
vb1-tense.pers-poss-enc
kombo
kombo
kombo
goose
no
gaj
gaj
gaj
like
ad/av/pa/po
koješ
koješ
koješ
it.seems
pa
koješ
koj-eš
koj-eš
be.visible-3SG
vb1-pers

the grass is always greener on the other side of the fence

jeŋ – 28


jeŋ βoštə̑ltə̑šə̑š lektaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
βoštə̑ltə̑šə̑š
βoštə̑ltə̑š-ə̑š
βoštə̑ltə̑š-š
laugh-ILL
no-case
βoštə̑ltə̑šə̑š
βoštə̑ltə̑-šə̑-š
βoštə̑lto-še-š
make.somebody.laugh-PTCP.ACT-ILL
vb2-ad-case
lektaš
lekt-aš
lekt-aš
go-INF
vb1-inf

to become a laughingstock, to become a joke, to be the butt of jokes

jeŋ – 29


jeŋ βoštə̑lč́ə̑kə̑š lektaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
βoštə̑lč́ə̑kə̑š
βoštə̑lč́ə̑k-ə̑š
βoštə̑lč́ə̑k-š
laugh-ILL
no-case
lektaš
lekt-aš
lekt-aš
go-INF
vb1-inf

to become a laughingstock, to become a joke, to be the butt of jokes

jeŋ – 30


jeŋ kid dene tulšolə̑m udə̑raš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
kid
kid
kid
hand
no
dene
dene
dene
with
po
tulšolə̑m
tulšol-ə̑m
tulšol-m
hot.coals-ACC
ad/no-case
udə̑raš
udə̑r-aš
udə̑ro-aš
strike-INF
vb2-inf

to reap the fruits of the labor of others

jeŋ – 31


jeŋ kid jə̑malne ilaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
kid
kid
kid
hand
no
jə̑malne
jə̑malne
jə̑malne
at.the.bottom
av/po
ilaš
il-aš
ile-aš
live-INF
vb2-inf

to be under someone's thumb

jeŋ – 32


jeŋ kid jə̑malne lijaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
kid
kid
kid
hand
no
jə̑malne
jə̑malne
jə̑malne
at.the.bottom
av/po
lijaš
lij-aš
lij-aš
be-INF
vb1-inf

to be under someone's thumb

jeŋ – 33


jeŋ kid muč́ašte ilaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
kid
kid
kid
hand
no
muč́ašte
muč́ašte
muč́ašte
at.the.end
po
muč́ašte
muč́a-šte
muč́a-šte
reed-INE
no-case
muč́ašte
muč́aš-te
muč́aš-šte
end-INE
no-case
ilaš
il-aš
ile-aš
live-INF
vb2-inf

to live off somebody else's mercy

jeŋ – 34


jeŋ kidə̑šte ilaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
kidə̑šte
kid-ə̑šte
kid-šte
hand-INE
no-case
ilaš
il-aš
ile-aš
live-INF
vb2-inf

to be under someone's thumb

jeŋ – 35


jeŋ kidə̑šte lijaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
kidə̑šte
kid-ə̑šte
kid-šte
hand-INE
no-case
lijaš
lij-aš
lij-aš
be-INF
vb1-inf

to be under someone's thumb

jeŋ – 36


jeŋ kniga

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
kniga
kniga
kniga
book
no

someone else's book

jeŋ – 37


jeŋ surt

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
surt
surt
surt
farmstead
no

someone else's farmstead

jeŋ – 38


jeŋ šomakə̑m kolə̑štaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
šomakə̑m
šomak-ə̑m
šomak-m
word-ACC
no-case
kolə̑štaš
kolə̑št-aš
kolə̑št-aš
listen-INF
vb1-inf

to listen to someone else's words

jeŋ – 39


jeŋ murə̑m muraš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
murə̑m
murə̑-m
muro-m
song-ACC
no-case
muraš
mur-aš
muro-aš
sing-INF
vb2-inf

to echo somebody, to parrot somebody

jeŋ – 40


jeŋ ümə̑lə̑štö ilaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
ümə̑lə̑štö
ümə̑l-ə̑štö
ümə̑l-šte
shade-INE
no-case
ilaš
il-aš
ile-aš
live-INF
vb2-inf

to live off of somebody

jeŋ – 41


jeŋ šinč́am onč́aš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
šinč́am
šinč́a-m
šinč́a-m
eye-ACC
no-case
šinč́am
šinč́a-m
šinč́a-em
eye-1SG
no-poss
šinč́am
šinč́-am
šinč́-am
sit.down-1SG
vb1-pers
šinč́am
šinč́a-m-Ø
šinč́a-em-Ø
eye-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
šinč́am
šinč́a-m-Ø
šinč́a-em-Ø
eye-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
šinč́am
šinč́a-m-Ø
šinč́a-em-Ø
eye-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
onč́aš
onč́-aš
onč́o-aš
look-INF
vb2-inf

to be dependent, to ask somebody for help

jeŋ – 42


jeŋ šinč́arožə̑m onč́aš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
šinč́arožə̑m
šinč́arož-ə̑m
šinč́arož-m
eye.socket-ACC
no-case
onč́aš
onč́-aš
onč́o-aš
look-INF
vb2-inf

to be dependent, to ask somebody for help

jeŋ – 43


jeŋ lüm dene

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
lüm
lüm
lüm
name
no
dene
dene
dene
with
po

under a false name

jeŋ – 44


jeŋ ojlan üšanaš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
ojlan
oj-lan
oj-lan
opinion-DAT
no-case
ojlan
oj-la-n
oj-la-n
opinion-PL-GEN
no-num-case
üšanaš
üšan-aš
üšane-aš
believe-INF
vb2-inf

to believe a lie

jeŋ – 45


jeŋ kašak

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
kašak
kašak
kašak
heap
no
kašak
kašak
kašak
times
no/po
kašak
kaš-ak
kaš-ak
strip.of.ploughed.land-STR
no-enc

group of people, crowd

jeŋ – 46


jeŋ kojə̑š

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
kojə̑š
kojə̑š
kojə̑š
nature
no

human behavior

jeŋ – 47


jeŋ kusnə̑maš

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
kusnə̑maš
kusnə̑maš
kusnə̑maš
move
no
kusnə̑maš
kusnə̑-maš
kusno-maš
move-NMLZ
vb2-deriv.n

migration

jeŋ – 48


jeŋ tüs

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
tüs
tüs
tüs
color
no

human appearance

jeŋ – 49


jeŋ tüška

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
tüška
tüška
tüška
group
no

ethnic group

jeŋ – 50


jeŋ šot dene

jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no
šot
šot
šot
use
no
dene
dene
dene
with
po

according to custom

jeŋan – 1


βič́ jeŋan

βič́
βič́
βič́
five
nm
jeŋan
jeŋan
jeŋan
with.people
ad
jeŋan
jeŋ-an
jeŋ-an
person-with
ad/no-deriv.ad

with five people, consisting of five people

jeŋan – 2


šagal jeŋan

šagal
šagal
šagal
little
ad/av/no
jeŋan
jeŋan
jeŋan
with.people
ad
jeŋan
jeŋ-an
jeŋ-an
person-with
ad/no-deriv.ad

not crowded, with few people

jeŋan – 3


šuko jeŋan

šuko
šuko
šuko
a.lot
ad/av/no
jeŋan
jeŋan
jeŋan
with.people
ad
jeŋan
jeŋ-an
jeŋ-an
person-with
ad/no-deriv.ad

populous, crowded

jeŋan – 4


500 jeŋan jal

500
500
500
500
nm
jeŋan
jeŋan
jeŋan
with.people
ad
jeŋan
jeŋ-an
jeŋ-an
person-with
ad/no-deriv.ad
jal
jal
jal
village
no

village of 500 people

jeŋga – 1


izam den jeŋgam unala tolə̑nə̑t

izam
iza-m
iza-m
older.brother-ACC
no-case
izam
iza-m
iza-em
older.brother-1SG
no-poss
izam
iza-m-Ø
iza-em-Ø
older.brother-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
izam
iza-m-Ø
iza-em-Ø
older.brother-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
izam
iza-m-Ø
iza-em-Ø
older.brother-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
den
den
den
and
co
jeŋgam
jeŋga-m
jeŋga-m
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife-ACC
no-case
jeŋgam
jeŋga-m
jeŋga-em
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife-1SG
no-poss
jeŋgam
jeŋga-m-Ø
jeŋga-em-Ø
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
jeŋgam
jeŋga-m-Ø
jeŋga-em-Ø
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
jeŋgam
jeŋga-m-Ø
jeŋga-em-Ø
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
unala
unala
unala
on.a.visit
av
unala
una-la
una-la
guest-COMP
no-case
unala
una-la
una-la
guest-PL
no-num
unala
una-la
una-la
guest-STR
no-enc
unala
una-la
una-la
there-STR
pa-enc
unala
u-na-la
u-na-la
new-1PL-COMP
ad/no-poss-case
unala
u-na-la
u-na-la
new-1PL-PL
ad/no-poss-num
unala
u-na-la
u-na-la
new-1PL-STR
ad/no-poss-enc
tolə̑nə̑t
tol-ə̑n-ə̑t
tol-n-ə̑t
come-PST2-3PL
vb1-tense-pers

my elder brother and his wife came for a visit

jeŋga – 2


Marinan pelašə̑že jeŋgaž deke kuržə̑n

Marinan
Marinan
Marinan
Marinan
na
pelašə̑že
pelaš-ə̑že
pelaš-že
spouse-3SG
ad/no/po-poss
pelašə̑že
pel-aš-ə̑že
pel-aš-že
burn-INF-3SG
vb1-inf-poss
jeŋgaž
jeŋga-ž
jeŋga-že
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife-3SG
no-poss
deke
deke
deke
to
po
kuržə̑n
kurž-ə̑n-Ø
kurž-n-Ø
run-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
kuržə̑n
kurž-ə̑n
kurž-n
run-CVB
vb1-adv

Marina's husband ran off to his mistress

jeŋga – 3


šketak ilen ertara poškudo jeŋga kugu surtə̑što

šketak
šket-ak
šket-ak
alone-STR
ad/av/pa-enc
šketak
ške-t-ak
ške-et-ak
REFL-2SG-STR
pr-poss-enc
ilen
il'e-n
il'e-n
damp-GEN
ad-case
ilen
il-en-Ø
ile-en-Ø
live-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ilen
il-en
ile-en
live-CVB
vb2-adv
ertara
ertar-a
ertare-a
spend-3SG
vb2-pers
poškudo
poškudo
poškudo
neighbor
no
jeŋga
jeŋga
jeŋga
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife
no
kugu
kugu
kugu
big
ad/no
surtə̑što
surt-ə̑što
surt-šte
farmstead-INE
no-case

there's a single woman living alone in the big house next door

jeŋga – 4


jeŋgam šoč́mo keč́emlan pölekə̑m konden

jeŋgam
jeŋga-m
jeŋga-m
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife-ACC
no-case
jeŋgam
jeŋga-m
jeŋga-em
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife-1SG
no-poss
jeŋgam
jeŋga-m-Ø
jeŋga-em-Ø
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
jeŋgam
jeŋga-m-Ø
jeŋga-em-Ø
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
jeŋgam
jeŋga-m-Ø
jeŋga-em-Ø
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
šoč́mo
šoč́mo
šoč́mo
Monday
ad/no
šoč́mo
šoč́-mo
šoč́-me
be.born-PTCP.PASS
vb1-ad
keč́emlan
keč́-em-lan
keč́e-em-lan
sun-1SG-DAT
no-poss-case
keč́emlan
keč́-em-la-n
keč́e-em-la-n
sun-1SG-PL-GEN
no-poss-num-case
pölekə̑m
pölek-ə̑m
pölek-m
present-ACC
no-case
konden
kond-en-Ø
kondo-en-Ø
bring-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
konden
kond-en
kondo-en
bring-CVB
vb2-adv

my aunt brought a present for my birthday

jeŋga – 5


motor jeŋga uš gə̑č́ lektə̑n ok kert

motor
motor
motor
beautiful
ad/av/no
motor
motor
motor
motor
no
jeŋga
jeŋga
jeŋga
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife
no
uš
uš
uš
mind
no
uš
u-š
u-š
new-ILL
ad/no-case
gə̑č́
gə̑č́
gə̑č́
from
po
lektə̑n
lekt-ə̑n-Ø
lekt-n-Ø
go-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
lektə̑n
lekt-ə̑n
lekt-n
go-CVB
vb1-adv
ok
ok-Ø
ok-Ø
NEG-3SG
vb-pers
kert
kert-Ø
kert-Ø
be.able.to-IMP.2SG
vb1-mood.pers
kert
kert-Ø
kert-Ø
swaddle-IMP.2SG
vb1-mood.pers
kert
kert-Ø
kert-Ø
be.able.to-CNG
vb1-conn
kert
kert-Ø
kert-Ø
swaddle-CNG
vb1-conn
kert
kert-Ø
kert-Ø
be.able.to-CVB
vb1-adv
kert
kert-Ø
kert-Ø
swaddle-CVB
vb1-adv

I can't get this beautiful girl out of my mind

jeŋgaj – 1


poro er, jeŋgaj!

poro
poro
poro
good
ad
er,
er
er
morning
ad/av/no
jeŋgaj!
jeŋgaj
jeŋgaj
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife
no

good morning, sister-in-law!

jeŋgaj – 2


erte, jeŋgaj!

erte,
erte-Ø
erte-Ø
pass-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
erte,
erte-Ø
erte-Ø
pass-CNG
vb2-conn
jeŋgaj!
jeŋgaj
jeŋgaj
elder.brotheŕs.wife.or.elder.cousińs.wife
no

come in, aunt!

jeŋdə̑me – 1


jeŋdə̑me surt

jeŋdə̑me
jeŋdə̑me
jeŋdə̑me
uninhabited
ad
jeŋdə̑me
jeŋ-də̑me
jeŋ-də̑me
person-without
ad/no-deriv.ad
surt
surt
surt
farmstead
no

uninhabited farmstead

jeŋlə̑k – 1


jeŋlə̑k paša

jeŋlə̑k
jeŋlə̑k
jeŋlə̑k
for.someone.else
ad
jeŋlə̑k
jeŋ-lə̑k
jeŋ-lə̑k
person-for
ad/no-deriv.ad
paša
paša
paša
work
no

work for someone else, somebody else's work

jeŋšot – 1


jeŋšot lonč́ə̑k

jeŋšot
jeŋšot
jeŋšot
number.of.people
no
lonč́ə̑k
lonč́ə̑k
lonč́ə̑k
layer
no

personnel, staffеҥ

jeŋə̑saš (-jem) – 1


izi joč́a gaj jeŋə̑saš

izi
izi
izi
small
ad/no
joč́a
joč́a
joč́a
child
no
gaj
gaj
gaj
like
ad/av/pa/po
jeŋə̑saš
jeŋə̑s-aš
jeŋə̑se-aš
whimper-INF
vb2-inf

to whimper like a little child

jer – 1


kande jer

kande
kande
kande
blue
ad
jer
jer
jer
lake
no

blue lake

jer – 2


pundašdə̑me jer

pundašdə̑me
pundašdə̑me
pundašdə̑me
bottomless
ad
pundašdə̑me
pundaš-də̑me
pundaš-də̑me
bottom-without
no-deriv.ad
jer
jer
jer
lake
no

bottomless lake

jer – 3


jer βüd

jer
jer
jer
lake
no
βüd
βüd
βüd
water
no

lake water

jer – 4


jer kol

jer
jer
jer
lake
no
kol
kol
kol
fish
no
kol
kol
kol
Pisces
no
kol
kol-Ø
kol-Ø
hear-IMP.2SG
vb1-mood.pers
kol
kol-Ø
kol-Ø
hear-CNG
vb1-conn
kol
kol-Ø
kol-Ø
hear-CVB
vb1-adv

lake fish

jer – 5


jer omə̑ž

jer
jer
jer
lake
no
omə̑ž
omə̑ž
omə̑ž
deergrass
no
omə̑ž
omə̑-ž
omo-že
sleep-3SG
no-poss

deergrass, grassweed, bulrush, Scirpus

jer – 6


jer pundaš

jer
jer
jer
lake
no
pundaš
pundaš
pundaš
bottom
no

lake bottom

jergan – 1


jergan šokš

jergan
jergan
jergan
embroidered
ad
jergan
jerga-n
jerga-an
X-with
no-deriv.ad
jergan
jerga-n
jerga-n
X-GEN
no-case
šokš
šokš
šokš
sleeve
no

embroidered sleeve

jersaš (-jem) – 1


rβeze č́otak jersa: pelašə̑žə̑m šona

rβeze
rβeze
rβeze
young.man
ad/no
č́otak
č́ot-ak
č́ot-ak
very-STR
av-enc
č́otak
č́ot-ak
č́ot-ak
number-STR
no-enc
jersa:
jers-a
jerse-a
miss-3SG
vb2-pers
pelašə̑žə̑m
pelaš-ə̑žə̑-m
pelaš-že-m
spouse-3SG-ACC
ad/no/po-poss-case
šona
šon-a
šono-a
think-3SG
vb2-pers

the young man misses his wife badly and is thinking of her

jerunda – 1


jerundam ojlaš

jerundam
jerunda-m
jerunda-m
nonsense-ACC
no-case
jerundam
jerunda-m
jerunda-em
nonsense-1SG
no-poss
jerundam
jerunda-m-Ø
jerunda-em-Ø
nonsense-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
jerundam
jerunda-m-Ø
jerunda-em-Ø
nonsense-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
jerundam
jerunda-m-Ø
jerunda-em-Ø
nonsense-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
ojlaš
ojl-aš
ojlo-aš
talk-INF
vb2-inf
ojlaš
oj-la-š
oj-la-š
opinion-PL-ILL
no-num-case
ojlaš
oj-la-š
oj-la-eš
opinion-PL-LAT
no-num-case

to talk nonsense, to talk rubbish

jerə̑se – 1


jerə̑se kol

jerə̑se
jerə̑se
jerə̑se
lake
ad
jerə̑se
jer-ə̑se
jer-se
lake-ADJ
no-deriv.ad
kol
kol
kol
fish
no
kol
kol
kol
Pisces
no
kol
kol-Ø
kol-Ø
hear-IMP.2SG
vb1-mood.pers
kol
kol-Ø
kol-Ø
hear-CNG
vb1-conn
kol
kol-Ø
kol-Ø
hear-CVB
vb1-adv

lake fish

jerə̑se – 2


jerə̑se kuškə̑l

jerə̑se
jerə̑se
jerə̑se
lake
ad
jerə̑se
jer-ə̑se
jer-se
lake-ADJ
no-deriv.ad
kuškə̑l
kuškə̑l
kuškə̑l
plant
no

lake plant

jesli – 1


jesli tolat, ojlem

jesli
jesli
jesli
if
co
tolat,
tol-at
tol-at
come-2SG
vb1-pers
tolat,
tol-at
tolo-at
steal-3PL
vb2-pers
tolat,
tol-a-t
tolo-a-at
steal-3SG-and
vb2-pers-enc
tolat,
tol-Ø-at
tol-Ø-at
come-CNG-and
vb1-conn-enc
tolat,
tol-Ø-at
tol-Ø-at
come-CVB-and
vb1-adv-enc
tolat,
tol-Ø-at
tolo-Ø-at
steal-CNG-and
vb2-conn-enc
ojlem
ojl-em
ojlo-em
talk-1SG
vb2-pers

if you come, I'll tell you

jestestβennə̑j – 1


jestestβennə̑j granice

jestestβennə̑j
jestestβennə̑j
jestestβennə̑j
natural
ad
granice
granice
granice
border
no

natural border

jestestβennə̑j – 2


jestestβennə̑j ogə̑l

jestestβennə̑j
jestestβennə̑j
jestestβennə̑j
natural
ad
ogə̑l
og-Ø-ə̑l-Ø
og-Ø-ul-Ø
NEG-3SG-be-CNG
vb-pers-vb-conn

unnatural, artificial

jestestβennə̑j – 3


jestestβennə̑j sostojanij

jestestβennə̑j
jestestβennə̑j
jestestβennə̑j
natural
ad
sostojanij
sostojanij
sostojanij
state
no

natural state

jestestβoispə̑tatel' – 1


jestestβoispə̑tatel'-βlak ojlə̑mo pošeš

jestestβoispə̑tatel'-βlak
jestestβoispə̑tatel'-βlak
jestestβoispə̑tatel'-βlak
naturalist-PL
no-num
ojlə̑mo
ojlə̑mo
ojlə̑mo
speech
ad
ojlə̑mo
ojlə̑-mo
ojlo-me
talk-PTCP.PASS
vb2-ad
pošeš
poš-eš
poš-eš
bellows-LAT
no-case
pošeš
poš-eš
pošo-eš
field-LAT
no-case

according to natural scientists

jetšaš (-jem) – 1


šə̑laš jetšaš

šə̑laš
šə̑la-š
šə̑la-š
pikeperch-ILL
no-case
šə̑laš
šə̑la-š
šə̑la-eš
pikeperch-LAT
no-case
šə̑laš
šə̑l-aš
šə̑l-aš
hide-INF
vb1-inf
jetšaš
jetš-aš
jetše-aš
get.something.done.in.time-INF
vb2-inf

to manage to hide

jetə̑m – 1


jetə̑m βate

jetə̑m
jetə̑m
jetə̑m
orphan
no
βate
βate
βate
wife
no
βate
βate
βate
absorbent.cotton
no

widow

jetə̑m – 2


jetə̑m üdə̑r

jetə̑m
jetə̑m
jetə̑m
orphan
no
üdə̑r
üdə̑r
üdə̑r
daughter
no
üdə̑r
üdə̑r
üdə̑r
Virgo
no

orphan girl, orphaned girl

ječ́aŋaš (-am) – 1


mə̑jat ə̑nde ječ́aŋə̑m: ač́am pöleklen

mə̑jat
mə̑j-at
mə̑j-at
1SG-and
pr-enc
ə̑nde
ə̑nde
ə̑nde
now
av/pa
ječ́aŋə̑m:
ječ́aŋ-ə̑m
ječ́aŋ-ə̑m
acquire.skis-PST1.1SG
vb1-tense.pers
ječ́aŋə̑m:
ječ́-aŋ-ə̑m
ječ́e-aŋ-ə̑m
ski-TRANS-PST1.1SG
no-deriv.v-tense.pers
ač́am
ač́a-m
ač́a-m
father-ACC
no-case
ač́am
ač́a-m
ač́a-em
father-1SG
no-poss
ač́am
ač́a-m-Ø
ač́a-em-Ø
father-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
ač́am
ač́a-m-Ø
ač́a-em-Ø
father-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
ač́am
ač́a-m-Ø
ač́a-em-Ø
father-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
pöleklen
pölekl-en-Ø
pölekle-en-Ø
give.a.present-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
pöleklen
pölekl-en
pölekle-en
give.a.present-CVB
vb2-adv

I have skis too now: my father gave them to me

ječ́aŋaš (-am) – 2


uškalə̑n jolžo ječ́aŋə̑n

uškalə̑n
uškal-ə̑n
uškal-n
cow-GEN
no-case
jolžo
jol-žo
jol-že
foot-3SG
no-poss
ječ́aŋə̑n
ječ́aŋ-ə̑n-Ø
ječ́aŋ-n-Ø
acquire.skis-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
ječ́aŋə̑n
ječ́aŋ-ə̑n
ječ́aŋ-n
acquire.skis-CVB
vb1-adv
ječ́aŋə̑n
ječ́-aŋ-ə̑n-Ø
ječ́e-aŋ-n-Ø
ski-TRANS-PST2-3SG
no-deriv.v-tense-pers
ječ́aŋə̑n
ječ́-aŋ-ə̑n
ječ́e-aŋ-n
ski-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv

the cow's hooves were splayed

ječ́e – 1


βaštar ječ́e

βaštar
βaštar
βaštar
maple
no
ječ́e
ječ́e
ječ́e
ski
no

maple wood skis

ječ́e – 2


ječ́e dene koštaš

ječ́e
ječ́e
ječ́e
ski
no
dene
dene
dene
with
po
koštaš
košt-aš
košt-aš
go-INF
vb1-inf
koštaš
košt-aš
košto-aš
dry-INF
vb2-inf

to ski

ječ́e – 3


ječ́e dene munč́altaš

ječ́e
ječ́e
ječ́e
ski
no
dene
dene
dene
with
po
munč́altaš
munč́alt-aš
munč́alte-aš
slide-INF
vb2-inf
munč́altaš
munč́-alt-aš
munč́o-alt-aš
lay-REF-INF
vb2-deriv.v-inf

to ski

ječ́e – 4


ječ́e dene taŋasə̑maš

ječ́e
ječ́e
ječ́e
ski
no
dene
dene
dene
with
po
taŋasə̑maš
taŋasə̑maš
taŋasə̑maš
competition
no
taŋasə̑maš
taŋasə̑-maš
taŋase-maš
contend-NMLZ
vb2-deriv.n

skiing competition

ječ́e – 5


puskak ječ́e

puskak
puskak
puskak
X
ad
ječ́e
ječ́e
ječ́e
ski
no

skis with animal skins, touring skis

ječ́e – 6


sonarze ječ́e

sonarze
sonarze
sonarze
hunter
no
ječ́e
ječ́e
ječ́e
ski
no

hunting skis

ječ́e – 7


ječ́e botinke

ječ́e
ječ́e
ječ́e
ski
no
botinke
botinke
botinke
boots
no

ski boot

ječ́e – 8


ječ́e kandə̑ra

ječ́e
ječ́e
ječ́e
ski
no
kandə̑ra
kandə̑ra
kandə̑ra
rope
no

ski rope

ječ́e – 9


ječ́e kost'um

ječ́e
ječ́e
ječ́e
ski
no
kost'um
kost'um
kost'um
suit
no

ski suit

ječ́e – 10


ječ́e sport

ječ́e
ječ́e
ječ́e
ski
no
sport
sport
sport
sports
no

ski sports

ječ́e – 11


ječ́e škol

ječ́e
ječ́e
ječ́e
ski
no
škol
škol
škol
school
no

ski school

ječ́ə̑güč́ – 1


imńə̑n ječ́ə̑güč́ lijə̑n, törlen ruaš küleš

imńə̑n
imńə̑-n
imńe-n
horse-GEN
no-case
ječ́ə̑güč́
ječ́ə̑güč́
ječ́ə̑güč́
front.binding.on.a.ski
no
lijə̑n,
lijə̑n
lijə̑n
as.a
po
lijə̑n,
lij-ə̑n-Ø
lij-n-Ø
be-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
lijə̑n,
lij-ə̑n
lij-n
be-CVB
vb1-adv
törlen
törl-en-Ø
törlö-en-Ø
make.flat-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
törlen
törl-en
törlö-en
make.flat-CVB
vb2-adv
ruaš
ruaš
ruaš
dough
no
ruaš
ru-aš
ruo-aš
chop-INF
vb2-inf
küleš
küleš
küleš
need
ad/no
küleš
kül-eš
kül-eš
be.necessary-3SG
vb1-pers

the horse's hoofs are splayed, they need to be trimmed

ječ́ə̑ze – 1


ječ́ə̑ze tüška

ječ́ə̑ze
ječ́ə̑ze
ječ́ə̑ze
skier
no
tüška
tüška
tüška
group
no

group of skiers

ješ – 1


ješ deč́ ördə̑žə̑sö

ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no
deč́
deč́
deč́
from
po
ördə̑žə̑sö
ördə̑žə̑sö
ördə̑žə̑sö
side
ad
ördə̑žə̑sö
ördə̑ž-ə̑sö
ördə̑ž-se
side-ADJ
ad/no-deriv.ad

unmarried

ješ – 2


ješ jeda

ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no
jeda
jeda
jeda
each
po

per family

ješ – 3


ješə̑m kudalten kajaš

ješə̑m
ješ-ə̑m
ješ-m
family-ACC
no-case
kudalten
kudalt-en-Ø
kudalte-en-Ø
throw-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
kudalten
kudalt-en
kudalte-en
throw-CVB
vb2-adv
kajaš
kaj-aš
kaje-aš
go-INF
vb2-inf

to desert one's family

ješ – 4


ješə̑m pogaš

ješə̑m
ješ-ə̑m
ješ-m
family-ACC
no-case
pogaš
pog-aš
pogo-aš
gather-INF
vb2-inf

to get married, to start a family, to build a family

ješ – 5


ješə̑n

ješə̑n
ješə̑n
ješə̑n
each
po
ješə̑n
ješ-ə̑n
ješ-n
family-GEN
no-case

per family

ješ – 6


ješə̑n aβaže

ješə̑n
ješə̑n
ješə̑n
each
po
ješə̑n
ješ-ə̑n
ješ-n
family-GEN
no-case
aβaže
aβaže
aβaže
honey
no
aβaže
aβa-že
aβa-že
mother-3SG
no-poss
aβaže
aβ-a-že
aβe-a-že
cut-3SG-3SG
vb2-pers-poss

family mother

ješ – 7


ješə̑šte ilə̑še

ješə̑šte
ješ-ə̑šte
ješ-šte
family-INE
no-case
ilə̑še
ilə̑še
ilə̑še
living
ad/no
ilə̑še
ilə̑-še
ile-še
live-PTCP.ACT
vb2-ad

family member

ješ – 8


ik ješ gaj ilaš

ik
ik
ik
one
ad/nm/pa/pr
ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no
gaj
gaj
gaj
like
ad/av/pa/po
ilaš
il-aš
ile-aš
live-INF
vb2-inf

to live like a family, to live in harmony

ješ – 9


ik ješla

ik
ik
ik
one
ad/nm/pa/pr
ješla
ješ-la
ješ-la
family-COMP
no-case
ješla
ješ-la
ješ-la
family-PL
no-num
ješla
ješ-la
ješ-la
family-STR
no-enc

in harmony, like a family

ješ – 10


kugu ješ

kugu
kugu
kugu
big
ad/no
ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no

large family

ješ – 11


ulo ješge

ulo
ulo
ulo
is
ad/no/vb
ješge
ješ-ge
ješ-ge
family-COM
no-case

with the whole family

ješ – 12


ješ dene ilə̑še pač́emə̑š

ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no
dene
dene
dene
with
po
ilə̑še
ilə̑še
ilə̑še
living
ad/no
ilə̑še
ilə̑-še
ile-še
live-PTCP.ACT
vb2-ad
pač́emə̑š
pač́emə̑š
pač́emə̑š
wasp
no

social wasp

ješ – 13


kutko ješ

kutko
kutko
kutko
ant
no
ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no

ant colony

ješ – 14


mükš ješ

mükš
mükš
mükš
bee
no
ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no

colony of bees

ješ – 15


pə̑rə̑s ješ

pə̑rə̑s
pə̑rə̑s
pə̑rə̑s
cat
in/no
ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no

cat family

ješ – 16


pire ješ

pire
pire
pire
wolf
no
ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no

pack of wolves

ješ – 17


umdə̑r ješ

umdə̑r
umdə̑r
umdə̑r
beaver
no
ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no

beaver family, beaver colony

ješ – 18


jə̑lme ješ

jə̑lme
jə̑lme
jə̑lme
tongue
no
ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no

language family

ješ – 19


finn-ugor jə̑lme ješ

finn-ugor
finn-ugor
finn-ugor
Finno-Ugrian
no
jə̑lme
jə̑lme
jə̑lme
tongue
no
ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no

Finno-Ugric language family

ješ – 20


poč́elamutə̑m βozə̑šo ješ

poč́elamutə̑m
poč́elamut-ə̑m
poč́elamut-m
poem-ACC
no-case
βozə̑šo
βozə̑šo
βozə̑šo
writer
no
βozə̑šo
βozə̑-šo
βozo-še
write-PTCP.ACT
vb2-ad
ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no

group of poets

ješ – 21


Irina mə̑jə̑n ješem

Irina
Irina
Irina
Irina
na
mə̑jə̑n
mə̑jə̑n
mə̑jə̑n
my
pr
mə̑jə̑n
mə̑j-ə̑n
mə̑j-n
1SG-GEN
pr-case
ješem
ješ-em
ješ-em
family-1SG
no-poss
ješem
ješ-em-Ø
ješ-em-Ø
family-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
ješem
ješ-em-Ø
ješ-em-Ø
family-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
ješem
ješ-em-Ø
ješ-em-Ø
family-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv

Irina is my wife

ješ – 22


ješ ilə̑š

ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no
ilə̑š
ilə̑š
ilə̑š
life
no
ilə̑š
ilə̑-š-Ø
ile-š-Ø
live-PST1-3SG
vb2-tense-pers

family life

ješ – 23


ješ oza

ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no
oza
oza
oza
owner
no

head of the family

ješ – 24


ješ pial

ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no
pial
pial
pial
happiness
no

family happiness

ješ – 25


ješ pört

ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no
pört
pört
pört
house
no

family house

ješ – 26


ješ pojanlə̑k

ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no
pojanlə̑k
pojanlə̑k
pojanlə̑k
wealth
no
pojanlə̑k
pojan-lə̑k
pojan-lə̑k
rich-for
ad/av/no-deriv.ad

heirloom

ješa – 1


arńa ješa

arńa
arńa
arńa
week
no
ješa
ješa
ješa
each
po

every week, weekly

ješa – 2


tolmo ješa

tolmo
tolmo
tolmo
arrival
ad
tolmo
tol-mo
tol-me
come-PTCP.PASS
vb1-ad
ješa
ješa
ješa
each
po

every time (someone) comes

ješa – 3


pört ješa

pört
pört
pört
house
no
ješa
ješa
ješa
each
po

in every house, to every house

ješan – 1


ješan jeŋ

ješan
ješan
ješan
familial
ad
ješan
ješ-an
ješ-an
family-with
no-deriv.ad
jeŋ
jeŋ
jeŋ
person
ad/no

family man, family person

ješan – 2


ješan lijaš

ješan
ješan
ješan
familial
ad
ješan
ješ-an
ješ-an
family-with
no-deriv.ad
lijaš
lij-aš
lij-aš
be-INF
vb1-inf

to settle down to married life

ješan – 3


kugu ješan

kugu
kugu
kugu
big
ad/no
ješan
ješan
ješan
familial
ad
ješan
ješ-an
ješ-an
family-with
no-deriv.ad

with a big family

ješan – 4


ješan pörjeŋ

ješan
ješan
ješan
familial
ad
ješan
ješ-an
ješ-an
family-with
no-deriv.ad
pörjeŋ
pörjeŋ
pörjeŋ
man
no

married man

ješan – 5


ješan pareŋge

ješan
ješan
ješan
familial
ad
ješan
ješ-an
ješ-an
family-with
no-deriv.ad
pareŋge
pareŋge
pareŋge
potato
no

high-yielding potato

ješan-kuššan – 1


ješan-kuššan ulam, da tidə̑n dene kugešnem

ješan-kuššan
ješan-kuššan
ješan-kuššan
having.a.wife.and.children
ad
ulam,
ula-m
ula-m
cart-ACC
no-case
ulam,
ula-m
ula-em
cart-1SG
no-poss
ulam,
ul-am
ul-am
be-1SG
vb1-pers
ulam,
u-la-m
u-la-m
new-PL-ACC
ad/no-num-case
ulam,
u-la-m
u-la-em
new-COMP-1SG
ad/no-case-poss
ulam,
u-la-m
u-la-em
new-PL-1SG
ad/no-num-poss
ulam,
ula-m-Ø
ula-em-Ø
cart-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
ulam,
ula-m-Ø
ula-em-Ø
cart-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
ulam,
ula-m-Ø
ula-em-Ø
cart-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
da
da
da
and
co
da
da
da
yes
pa
tidə̑n
tidə̑-n
tide-n
this-GEN
pr-case
dene
dene
dene
with
po
kugešnem
kugešn-em
kugešne-em
take.pride-1SG
vb2-pers

I've got a family and kids, and I'm proud of it

ješan-surtan – 1


ješan-surtan pörjeŋ

ješan-surtan
ješan-surtan
ješan-surtan
with.a.family
ad
pörjeŋ
pörjeŋ
pörjeŋ
man
no

man with a family and a farm

ješan-šoč́šan – 1


tudat ə̑nde ješan-šoč́šan lijə̑n

tudat
tudo-at
tudo-at
3SG-and
pr-enc
tudat
tu-da-t
tu-da-at
that-2PL-and
pr-poss-enc
tudat
tu-da-t
tu-da-at
gland-2PL-and
no-poss-enc
tudat
tu-da-t
tu-da-at
banner-2PL-and
no-poss-enc
ə̑nde
ə̑nde
ə̑nde
now
av/pa
ješan-šoč́šan
ješan-šoč́šan
ješan-šoč́šan
with.a.family
ad
lijə̑n
lijə̑n
lijə̑n
as.a
po
lijə̑n
lij-ə̑n-Ø
lij-n-Ø
be-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
lijə̑n
lij-ə̑n
lij-n
be-CVB
vb1-adv

(s)he is also married with children now

ješaŋaš (-am) – 1


ergə̑mlanat ješaŋaš žap tolə̑n šuə̑n

ergə̑mlanat
ergə̑m-lan-at
ergə̑m-lan-at
my.son-DAT-and
no-case-enc
ergə̑mlanat
ergə̑m-la-na-t
ergə̑m-la-na-at
my.son-COMP-1PL-and
no-case-poss-enc
ergə̑mlanat
ergə̑m-la-na-t
ergə̑m-la-na-at
my.son-PL-1PL-and
no-num-poss-enc
ergə̑mlanat
ergə̑m-la-n-at
ergə̑m-la-n-at
my.son-PL-GEN-and
no-num-case-enc
ješaŋaš
ješaŋ-aš
ješaŋ-aš
settle.down.to.married.life-INF
vb1-inf
ješaŋaš
ješ-aŋ-aš
ješ-aŋ-aš
family-TRANS-INF
no-deriv.v-inf
žap
žap
žap
time
no
tolə̑n
tol-ə̑n-Ø
tol-n-Ø
come-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
tolə̑n
tol-ə̑n
tol-n
come-CVB
vb1-adv
šuə̑n
šuə̑n
šuə̑n
no.matter
pa
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n
šu-n
bran-GEN
no-case
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n
šu-n
bristle-GEN
no-case
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n
šu-n
eye-GEN
no-case
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n
šu-n
spring.water-GEN
no-case
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n-Ø
šu-n-Ø
reach-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n-Ø
šu-n-Ø
ferment-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n-Ø
šu-n-Ø
whittle-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n
šu-n
reach-CVB
vb1-adv
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n
šu-n
ferment-CVB
vb1-adv
šuə̑n
šu-ə̑n
šu-n
whittle-CVB
vb1-adv

the time came for my son to settle down to married life too

ješaŋaš (-am) – 2


ješaŋə̑n pə̑taš

ješaŋə̑n
ješaŋ-ə̑n-Ø
ješaŋ-n-Ø
settle.down.to.married.life-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
ješaŋə̑n
ješaŋ-ə̑n
ješaŋ-n
settle.down.to.married.life-CVB
vb1-adv
ješaŋə̑n
ješ-aŋ-ə̑n-Ø
ješ-aŋ-n-Ø
family-TRANS-PST2-3SG
no-deriv.v-tense-pers
ješaŋə̑n
ješ-aŋ-ə̑n
ješ-aŋ-n
family-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
pə̑taš
pə̑t-aš
pə̑te-aš
end-INF
vb2-inf

to all get married, to all settle down to married life

ješaŋaš (-am) – 3


č́ə̑la ikšə̑βemat ješaŋə̑n pə̑tenə̑t

č́ə̑la
č́ə̑la
č́ə̑la
everything
ad/pa/pr
ikšə̑βemat
ikšə̑β-em-at
ikšə̑βe-em-at
child-1SG-and
no-poss-enc
ikšə̑βemat
ikšə̑β-em-at
ikšə̑βe-em-at
child-TRANS-2SG
no-deriv.v-pers
ikšə̑βemat
ikšə̑β-em-at
ikšə̑βe-em-at
child-TRANS-3PL
no-deriv.v-pers
ikšə̑βemat
ikšə̑β-em-a-t
ikšə̑βe-em-a-at
child-TRANS-3SG-and
no-deriv.v-pers-enc
ikšə̑βemat
ikšə̑β-em-Ø-at
ikšə̑βe-em-Ø-at
child-TRANS-CNG-and
no-deriv.v-conn-enc
ikšə̑βemat
ikšə̑β-em-Ø-at
ikšə̑βe-em-Ø-at
child-TRANS-CVB-and
no-deriv.v-adv-enc
ikšə̑βemat
ikšə̑β-em--at
ikšə̑βe-em-Je-at
child-TRANS-PST1.3SG-and
no-deriv.v-tense.pers-enc
ješaŋə̑n
ješaŋ-ə̑n-Ø
ješaŋ-n-Ø
settle.down.to.married.life-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
ješaŋə̑n
ješaŋ-ə̑n
ješaŋ-n
settle.down.to.married.life-CVB
vb1-adv
ješaŋə̑n
ješ-aŋ-ə̑n-Ø
ješ-aŋ-n-Ø
family-TRANS-PST2-3SG
no-deriv.v-tense-pers
ješaŋə̑n
ješ-aŋ-ə̑n
ješ-aŋ-n
family-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
pə̑tenə̑t
pə̑t-en-ə̑t
pə̑te-en-ə̑t
end-PST2-3PL
vb2-tense-pers

all my children are married

ješaŋdaš (-jem) – 1


ergə̑m ješaŋdaš

ergə̑m
ergə̑m
ergə̑m
my.son
no
ergə̑m
ergə̑-m
erge-m
son-ACC
no-case
ješaŋdaš
ješaŋd-aš
ješaŋde-aš
marry.off-INF
vb2-inf

to marry off one's son

ješaŋše – 1


ješaŋše mužə̑r

ješaŋše
ješaŋše
ješaŋše
just.married
ad
ješaŋše
ješaŋ-še
ješaŋ-še
settle.down.to.married.life-PTCP.ACT
vb1-ad
ješaŋše
ješ-aŋ-še
ješ-aŋ-še
family-TRANS-PTCP.ACT
no-deriv.v-ad
mužə̑r
mužə̑r
mužə̑r
pair
no

newlyweds

ješaŋše – 2


ješaŋše mužə̑rə̑m salamlaš

ješaŋše
ješaŋše
ješaŋše
just.married
ad
ješaŋše
ješaŋ-še
ješaŋ-še
settle.down.to.married.life-PTCP.ACT
vb1-ad
ješaŋše
ješ-aŋ-še
ješ-aŋ-še
family-TRANS-PTCP.ACT
no-deriv.v-ad
mužə̑rə̑m
mužə̑r-ə̑m
mužə̑r-m
pair-ACC
no-case
salamlaš
salaml-aš
salamle-aš
greet-INF
vb2-inf
salamlaš
salam-la-š
salam-la-š
greeting-PL-ILL
in/no-num-case
salamlaš
salam-la-š
salam-la-eš
greeting-PL-LAT
in/no-num-case

to congratulate the newlywedsешаҥ

ješaraltaš (-am) – 1


tüška dek ješaraltaš

tüška
tüška
tüška
group
no
dek
dek
dek
to
po
ješaraltaš
ješaralt-aš
ješaralt-aš
be.added.to-INF
vb1-inf
ješaraltaš
ješaralt-aš
ješaralte-aš
add-INF
vb2-inf
ješaraltaš
ješar-alt-aš
ješare-alt-aš
add-REF-INF
vb2-deriv.v-inf

to join a crowd

ješaraltaš (-am) – 2


βütašte βol'ə̑kat šə̑žə̑lan ješaralteš

βütašte
βüta-šte
βüta-šte
shed-INE
no-case
βol'ə̑kat
βol'ə̑k-at
βol'ə̑k-at
cattle-and
no-enc
šə̑žə̑lan
šə̑žə̑lan
šə̑žə̑lan
for.autumn
av
šə̑žə̑lan
šə̑žə̑-lan
šə̑že-lan
autumn-DAT
no-case
šə̑žə̑lan
šə̑žə̑-la-n
šə̑že-la-n
autumn-PL-GEN
no-num-case
ješaralteš
ješaralt-eš
ješaralt-eš
be.added.to-3SG
vb1-pers
ješaralteš
ješar-alt-eš
ješare-alt-eš
add-REF-3SG
vb2-deriv.v-pers

there will be more cattle in the barn by fall

ješaraltaš (-am) – 3


tenij pakč́asaska lektə̑š ješaraltə̑n

tenij
tenij
tenij
this.year
av
pakč́asaska
pakč́asaska
pakč́asaska
vegetables
no
lektə̑š
lektə̑š
lektə̑š
harvest
no
ješaraltə̑n
ješaralt-ə̑n-Ø
ješaralt-n-Ø
be.added.to-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
ješaraltə̑n
ješaralt-ə̑n
ješaralt-n
be.added.to-CVB
vb1-adv
ješaraltə̑n
ješar-alt-ə̑n-Ø
ješare-alt-n-Ø
add-REF-PST2-3SG
vb2-deriv.v-tense-pers
ješaraltə̑n
ješar-alt-ə̑n
ješare-alt-n
add-REF-CVB
vb2-deriv.v-adv

our harvest was bigger this year

ješaraltaš (-am) – 4


pašažə̑m šuko ə̑štem, pašadaremže gə̑na ok ješaralt

pašažə̑m
paša-žə̑-m
paša-že-m
work-3SG-ACC
no-poss-case
šuko
šuko
šuko
a.lot
ad/av/no
ə̑štem,
ə̑št-em
ə̑šte-em
do-1SG
vb2-pers
pašadaremže
pašadar-em-že
pašadar-em-že
wages-1SG-3SG
no-poss-poss
pašadaremže
pašadar-em-že
pašadar-em-že
wages-TRANS-IMP.3SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
pašadaremže
pašadar-em-Ø-že
pašadar-em-Ø-že
wages-TRANS-CNG-3SG
no-deriv.v-conn-poss
pašadaremže
pašadar-em-Ø-že
pašadar-em-Ø-že
wages-TRANS-CVB-3SG
no-deriv.v-adv-poss
gə̑na
gə̑na
gə̑na
only
pa
ok
ok-Ø
ok-Ø
NEG-3SG
vb-pers
ješaralt
ješaralt-Ø
ješaralt-Ø
be.added.to-IMP.2SG
vb1-mood.pers
ješaralt
ješaralt-Ø
ješaralt-Ø
be.added.to-CNG
vb1-conn
ješaralt
ješaralt-Ø
ješaralt-Ø
be.added.to-CVB
vb1-adv
ješaralt
ješar-alt-Ø
ješare-alt-Ø
add-REF-IMP.2SG
vb2-deriv.v-mood.pers
ješaralt
ješar-alt-Ø
ješare-alt-Ø
add-REF-CNG
vb2-deriv.v-conn
ješaralt
ješar-alt-Ø
ješare-alt-Ø
add-REF-CVB
vb2-deriv.v-adv

I work a lot, my salary just doesn't increase

ješaraltaš (-am) – 5


ješaralt kuššo

ješaralt
ješaralt-Ø
ješaralt-Ø
be.added.to-IMP.2SG
vb1-mood.pers
ješaralt
ješaralt-Ø
ješaralt-Ø
be.added.to-CNG
vb1-conn
ješaralt
ješaralt-Ø
ješaralt-Ø
be.added.to-CVB
vb1-adv
ješaralt
ješar-alt-Ø
ješare-alt-Ø
add-REF-IMP.2SG
vb2-deriv.v-mood.pers
ješaralt
ješar-alt-Ø
ješare-alt-Ø
add-REF-CNG
vb2-deriv.v-conn
ješaralt
ješar-alt-Ø
ješare-alt-Ø
add-REF-CVB
vb2-deriv.v-adv
kuššo
kuššo
kuššo
growing
ad
kuššo
kuš-šo
kušk-še
grow-PTCP.ACT
vb1-ad
kuššo
kuš-šo
kuš-že
where-3SG
av/co/pr-poss
kuššo
kuš-šo
kušk-že
grow-IMP.3SG
vb1-mood.pers
kuššo
kuš-Ø-šo
kušk-Ø-že
grow-CNG-3SG
vb1-conn-poss
kuššo
kuš-Ø-šo
kušk-Ø-že
grow-CVB-3SG
vb1-adv-poss

growth (pathology)

ješaraltaš (-am) – 6


βij ješaraltmə̑m šižaš

βij
βij
βij
power
no
βij
βij-Ø
βije-Ø
justify.oneself-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
βij
βij-Ø
βije-Ø
justify.oneself-CNG
vb2-conn
ješaraltmə̑m
ješaralt-mə̑-m
ješaralt-me-m
be.added.to-PTCP.PASS-ACC
vb1-ad-case
ješaraltmə̑m
ješar-alt-mə̑-m
ješare-alt-me-m
add-REF-PTCP.PASS-ACC
vb2-deriv.v-ad-case
šižaš
šiž-aš
šiž-aš
feel-INF
vb1-inf

to feel one's powers grow

ješaraltaš (-am) – 7


saj tunemšə̑nat kažne ijə̑n ješaralt toleš

saj
saj
saj
good
ad/av
tunemšə̑nat
tunemšə̑-na-t
tunemše-na-at
educated-1PL-and
ad/no-poss-enc
tunemšə̑nat
tunemšə̑-n-at
tunemše-n-at
educated-GEN-and
ad/no-case-enc
tunemšə̑nat
tunem-šə̑-na-t
tunem-še-na-at
learn-PTCP.ACT-1PL-and
vb1-ad-poss-enc
tunemšə̑nat
tunem-šə̑-n-at
tunem-še-n-at
learn-PTCP.ACT-GEN-and
vb1-ad-case-enc
kažne
kažne
kažne
each
pr
ijə̑n
ijə̑n
ijə̑n
yearly
av/po
ijə̑n
ij-ə̑n
ij-n
year-GEN
no-case
ijə̑n
ij-ə̑n
ij-n
ice-GEN
no-case
ijə̑n
ij-ə̑n
ij-n
chisel-GEN
no-case
ijə̑n
ij-ə̑n-Ø
ij-n-Ø
swim-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
ijə̑n
ij-ə̑n
ij-n
swim-CVB
vb1-adv
ješaralt
ješaralt-Ø
ješaralt-Ø
be.added.to-IMP.2SG
vb1-mood.pers
ješaralt
ješaralt-Ø
ješaralt-Ø
be.added.to-CNG
vb1-conn
ješaralt
ješaralt-Ø
ješaralt-Ø
be.added.to-CVB
vb1-adv
ješaralt
ješar-alt-Ø
ješare-alt-Ø
add-REF-IMP.2SG
vb2-deriv.v-mood.pers
ješaralt
ješar-alt-Ø
ješare-alt-Ø
add-REF-CNG
vb2-deriv.v-conn
ješaralt
ješar-alt-Ø
ješare-alt-Ø
add-REF-CVB
vb2-deriv.v-adv
toleš
tol'-eš
tol'-eš
tarred.roofing.paper-LAT
no-case
toleš
tol-eš
tol-eš
come-3SG
vb1-pers

we have more and more good students every year

ješaraltaš (-am) – 8


kažne ijə̑n knigagudo samə̑rə̑k aβtor-βlakə̑n pašašt dene ješaralt šoga

kažne
kažne
kažne
each
pr
ijə̑n
ijə̑n
ijə̑n
yearly
av/po
ijə̑n
ij-ə̑n
ij-n
year-GEN
no-case
ijə̑n
ij-ə̑n
ij-n
ice-GEN
no-case
ijə̑n
ij-ə̑n
ij-n
chisel-GEN
no-case
ijə̑n
ij-ə̑n-Ø
ij-n-Ø
swim-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
ijə̑n
ij-ə̑n
ij-n
swim-CVB
vb1-adv
knigagudo
knigagudo
knigagudo
library
no
samə̑rə̑k
samə̑rə̑k
samə̑rə̑k
young
ad/no
aβtor-βlakə̑n
aβtor-βlak-ə̑n
aβtor-βlak-n
author-PL-GEN
no-num-case
pašašt
paša-št
paša-št
work-3PL
no-poss
dene
dene
dene
with
po
ješaralt
ješaralt-Ø
ješaralt-Ø
be.added.to-IMP.2SG
vb1-mood.pers
ješaralt
ješaralt-Ø
ješaralt-Ø
be.added.to-CNG
vb1-conn
ješaralt
ješaralt-Ø
ješaralt-Ø
be.added.to-CVB
vb1-adv
ješaralt
ješar-alt-Ø
ješare-alt-Ø
add-REF-IMP.2SG
vb2-deriv.v-mood.pers
ješaralt
ješar-alt-Ø
ješare-alt-Ø
add-REF-CNG
vb2-deriv.v-conn
ješaralt
ješar-alt-Ø
ješare-alt-Ø
add-REF-CVB
vb2-deriv.v-adv
šoga
šoga
šoga
plough
no
šoga
šog-a
šogo-a
stand-3SG
vb2-pers

every year there are more books by young authors in the library

ješaraltaš (-jem) – 1


šürə̑š šinč́alə̑m ješaraltaš

šürə̑š
šürə̑š
šürə̑š
small.brush
no
šürə̑š
šür-ə̑š
šür-š
soup-ILL
no-case
šürə̑š
šürə̑-š-Ø
šürö-š-Ø
spread-PST1-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
šürə̑š
šürə̑-š-Ø
šürö-š-Ø
strain-PST1-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
šürə̑š
šürə̑-š-Ø
šürö-š-Ø
fish-PST1-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
šürə̑š
šürə̑-š-Ø
šürö-š-Ø
harrow-PST1-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
šinč́alə̑m
šinč́al-ə̑m
šinč́al-m
salt-ACC
no-case
ješaraltaš
ješaralt-aš
ješaralt-aš
be.added.to-INF
vb1-inf
ješaraltaš
ješaralt-aš
ješaralte-aš
add-INF
vb2-inf
ješaraltaš
ješar-alt-aš
ješare-alt-aš
add-REF-INF
vb2-deriv.v-inf

to add salt to a soup

ješaraltmaš – 1


βij ješaraltmaš

βij
βij
βij
power
no
βij
βij-Ø
βije-Ø
justify.oneself-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
βij
βij-Ø
βije-Ø
justify.oneself-CNG
vb2-conn
ješaraltmaš
ješaraltmaš
ješaraltmaš
growth
no
ješaraltmaš
ješaralt-maš
ješaralt-maš
be.added.to-NMLZ
vb1-deriv.n
ješaraltmaš
ješar-alt-maš
ješare-alt-maš
add-REF-NMLZ
vb2-deriv.v-deriv.n

surge of energy

ješaraltmaš – 2


βol'ə̑k βuj ješaraltmaš

βol'ə̑k
βol'ə̑k
βol'ə̑k
cattle
no
βuj
βuj
βuj
head
no
ješaraltmaš
ješaraltmaš
ješaraltmaš
growth
no
ješaraltmaš
ješaralt-maš
ješaralt-maš
be.added.to-NMLZ
vb1-deriv.n
ješaraltmaš
ješar-alt-maš
ješare-alt-maš
add-REF-NMLZ
vb2-deriv.v-deriv.n

increase in number of cattle

ješaraš (-jem) – 1


akə̑m ješaraš

akə̑m
ak-ə̑m
ak-m
price-ACC
no-case
ješaraš
ješar-aš
ješare-aš
add-INF
vb2-inf

to add value

ješaraš (-jem) – 2


βüdə̑m ješaraš

βüdə̑m
βüd-ə̑m
βüd-m
water-ACC
no-case
ješaraš
ješar-aš
ješare-aš
add-INF
vb2-inf

to add water

ješaraš (-jem) – 3


ješaraš pə̑štaš

ješaraš
ješar-aš
ješare-aš
add-INF
vb2-inf
pə̑štaš
pə̑št-aš
pə̑šte-aš
put-INF
vb2-inf

to attach (a document to an e-mail)

ješaraš (-jem) – 4


puə̑m ješaraš

puə̑m
pu-ə̑m
pu-m
wood-ACC
no-case
ješaraš
ješar-aš
ješare-aš
add-INF
vb2-inf

to add wood (to a fire)

ješaraš (-jem) – 5


šinč́alə̑m šürə̑š ješaraš

šinč́alə̑m
šinč́al-ə̑m
šinč́al-m
salt-ACC
no-case
šürə̑š
šürə̑š
šürə̑š
small.brush
no
šürə̑š
šür-ə̑š
šür-š
soup-ILL
no-case
šürə̑š
šürə̑-š-Ø
šürö-š-Ø
spread-PST1-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
šürə̑š
šürə̑-š-Ø
šürö-š-Ø
strain-PST1-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
šürə̑š
šürə̑-š-Ø
šürö-š-Ø
fish-PST1-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
šürə̑š
šürə̑-š-Ø
šürö-š-Ø
harrow-PST1-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ješaraš
ješar-aš
ješare-aš
add-INF
vb2-inf

to add salt to a soup

ješaraš (-jem) – 6


nuno ikte-βesə̑štə̑m ješarat

nuno
nuno
nuno
3PL
pr
ikte-βesə̑štə̑m
ikte-βesə̑-št-ə̑m
ikte-βese-št-m
each.other-3PL-ACC
pr-poss-case
ješarat
ješar-at
ješare-at
add-3PL
vb2-pers
ješarat
ješar-a-t
ješare-a-at
add-3SG-and
vb2-pers-enc
ješarat
ješar-Ø-at
ješare-Ø-at
add-CNG-and
vb2-conn-enc

they complement each other

ješaraš (-jem) – 7


mə̑lam ješaraš nimom

mə̑lam
mə̑-la-m
mə̑j-lan-em
1SG-DAT-1SG
pr-case-poss
ješaraš
ješar-aš
ješare-aš
add-INF
vb2-inf
nimom
ńimom
ńimom
nothing
pr
nimom
ńimo-m
ńimo-m
nothing-ACC
ad/av/pr-case

I've got nothing to add

ješaraš (-jem) – 8


uβerə̑ške iktaž-mom ješaraš

uβerə̑ške
uβer-ə̑ške
uβer-ške
news-ILL
no-case
iktaž-mom
iktaž-mo-m
iktaž-mo-m
anything-ACC
ad/pr-case
ješaraš
ješar-aš
ješare-aš
add-INF
vb2-inf

to add something to a message

ješaraš (-jem) – 9


šokšə̑m ješaraš

šokšə̑m
šokš-ə̑m
šokš-m
sleeve-ACC
no-case
šokšə̑m
šokšə̑-m
šokšo-m
heat-ACC
ad/no-case
šokšə̑m
šok-šə̑-m
šokt-še-m
sift-PTCP.ACT-ACC
vb1-ad-case
šokšə̑m
šok-šə̑-m
šok-že-m
shock-3SG-ACC
no-poss-case
ješaraš
ješar-aš
ješare-aš
add-INF
vb2-inf

to increase the temperature, to add steam (in the sauna)

ješaraš (-jem) – 10


ojlo, nimom it ješare

ojlo,
ojlo-Ø
ojlo-Ø
talk-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
ojlo,
ojlo-Ø
ojlo-Ø
talk-CNG
vb2-conn
nimom
ńimom
ńimom
nothing
pr
nimom
ńimo-m
ńimo-m
nothing-ACC
ad/av/pr-case
it
it
it
NEG.IMP.2SG
vb.mood.pers
ješare
ješare-Ø
ješare-Ø
add-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
ješare
ješare-Ø
ješare-Ø
add-CNG
vb2-conn

tell it to me without exaggerating anything

ješaraš (-jem) – 11


mə̑j puə̑m ješaren tolam

mə̑j
mə̑j
mə̑j
1SG
pr
puə̑m
pu-ə̑m
pu-m
wood-ACC
no-case
ješaren
ješaren
ješaren
in.addition
av
ješaren
ješar-en-Ø
ješare-en-Ø
add-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ješaren
ješar-en
ješare-en
add-CVB
vb2-adv
tolam
tol-am
tol-am
come-1SG
vb1-pers

I'll go and add some wood

ješaraš (-jem) – 12


šokšə̑m ješaren šogaš

šokšə̑m
šokš-ə̑m
šokš-m
sleeve-ACC
no-case
šokšə̑m
šokšə̑-m
šokšo-m
heat-ACC
ad/no-case
šokšə̑m
šok-šə̑-m
šokt-še-m
sift-PTCP.ACT-ACC
vb1-ad-case
šokšə̑m
šok-šə̑-m
šok-že-m
shock-3SG-ACC
no-poss-case
ješaren
ješaren
ješaren
in.addition
av
ješaren
ješar-en-Ø
ješare-en-Ø
add-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ješaren
ješar-en
ješare-en
add-CVB
vb2-adv
šogaš
šoga-š
šoga-š
plough-ILL
no-case
šogaš
šoga-š
šoga-eš
plough-LAT
no-case
šogaš
šog-aš
šogo-aš
stand-INF
vb2-inf

to increase the heat

ješaren – 1


ješaren βozaš

ješaren
ješaren
ješaren
in.addition
av
ješaren
ješar-en-Ø
ješare-en-Ø
add-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ješaren
ješar-en
ješare-en
add-CVB
vb2-adv
βozaš
βozaš
βozaš
a.cartload
ad
βozaš
βoz-aš
βoz-aš
lie.down-INF
vb1-inf
βozaš
βoz-aš
βozo-aš
write-INF
vb2-inf

to add in writing

ješaren – 2


ješaren βujšijmaš

ješaren
ješaren
ješaren
in.addition
av
ješaren
ješar-en-Ø
ješare-en-Ø
add-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ješaren
ješar-en
ješare-en
add-CVB
vb2-adv
βujšijmaš
βujšijmaš
βujšijmaš
complaint
no
βujšijmaš
βujšij-maš
βujšij-maš
complain-NMLZ
vb1-deriv.n

appeal

ješaren – 3


ješaren βujšijaš

ješaren
ješaren
ješaren
in.addition
av
ješaren
ješar-en-Ø
ješare-en-Ø
add-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ješaren
ješar-en
ješare-en
add-CVB
vb2-adv
βujšijaš
βujšij-aš
βujšij-aš
complain-INF
vb1-inf

to appeal

ješaren – 4


ješaren kalasaš

ješaren
ješaren
ješaren
in.addition
av
ješaren
ješar-en-Ø
ješare-en-Ø
add-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ješaren
ješar-en
ješare-en
add-CVB
vb2-adv
kalasaš
kalas-aš
kalase-aš
say-INF
vb2-inf

to add to what has been said, to say something in addition

ješaren – 5


ješaren optaš

ješaren
ješaren
ješaren
in.addition
av
ješaren
ješar-en-Ø
ješare-en-Ø
add-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ješaren
ješar-en
ješare-en
add-CVB
vb2-adv
optaš
opt-aš
opto-aš
put-INF
vb2-inf
optaš
opt-aš
opto-aš
bark-INF
vb2-inf

to burden, to burden additionally

ješaren – 6


ješaren sajlə̑maš

ješaren
ješaren
ješaren
in.addition
av
ješaren
ješar-en-Ø
ješare-en-Ø
add-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ješaren
ješar-en
ješare-en
add-CVB
vb2-adv
sajlə̑maš
sajlə̑maš
sajlə̑maš
election
no
sajlə̑maš
sajlə̑-maš
sajle-maš
elect-NMLZ
vb2-deriv.n

special election, by-election

ješaren – 7


ješaren tülaš

ješaren
ješaren
ješaren
in.addition
av
ješaren
ješar-en-Ø
ješare-en-Ø
add-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ješaren
ješar-en
ješare-en
add-CVB
vb2-adv
tülaš
tül-aš
tülö-aš
pay-INF
vb2-inf
tülaš
tül-aš
tülö-aš
reproduce-INF
vb2-inf

to pay in addition, to pay extra

ješaren – 8


ješaren tülə̑maš

ješaren
ješaren
ješaren
in.addition
av
ješaren
ješar-en-Ø
ješare-en-Ø
add-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ješaren
ješar-en
ješare-en
add-CVB
vb2-adv
tülə̑maš
tülə̑maš
tülə̑maš
payment
no
tülə̑maš
tülə̑maš
tülə̑maš
reproduction
no
tülə̑maš
tülə̑-maš
tülö-maš
pay-NMLZ
vb2-deriv.n
tülə̑maš
tülə̑-maš
tülö-maš
reproduce-NMLZ
vb2-deriv.n

additional payment, extra payment

ješaren – 9


ješaren umə̑ltarə̑še ojlonč́o

ješaren
ješaren
ješaren
in.addition
av
ješaren
ješar-en-Ø
ješare-en-Ø
add-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ješaren
ješar-en
ješare-en
add-CVB
vb2-adv
umə̑ltarə̑še
umə̑ltarə̑-še
umə̑ltare-še
explain-PTCP.ACT
vb2-ad
ojlonč́o
ojlonč́o
ojlonč́o
sentence
no

parenthesis, parenthetical expression

ješaren – 10


ješaren č́oŋə̑mo zdanij

ješaren
ješaren
ješaren
in.addition
av
ješaren
ješar-en-Ø
ješare-en-Ø
add-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ješaren
ješar-en
ješare-en
add-CVB
vb2-adv
č́oŋə̑mo
č́oŋə̑mo
č́oŋə̑mo
construction
ad
č́oŋə̑mo
č́oŋə̑-mo
č́oŋo-me
build-PTCP.PASS
vb2-ad
zdanij
zdanij
zdanij
building
no

annex, annexe, auxiliary building

ješaren – 11


ješaren ə̑štə̑me zdanij

ješaren
ješaren
ješaren
in.addition
av
ješaren
ješar-en-Ø
ješare-en-Ø
add-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ješaren
ješar-en
ješare-en
add-CVB
vb2-adv
ə̑štə̑me
ə̑štə̑me
ə̑štə̑me
done
ad
ə̑štə̑me
ə̑štə̑-me
ə̑šte-me
do-PTCP.PASS
vb2-ad
zdanij
zdanij
zdanij
building
no

annex, annexe, auxiliary building

ješarkalaš (-jem) – 1


emə̑ške βüdə̑m šolə̑p ješarkalaš

emə̑ške
em-ə̑ške
em-ške
medicine-ILL
no-case
βüdə̑m
βüd-ə̑m
βüd-m
water-ACC
no-case
šolə̑p
šolə̑p
šolə̑p
secret
ad/av/no
ješarkalaš
ješarkal-aš
ješarkale-aš
add-INF
vb2-inf

to dilute medicine secretly

ješarkalaš (-jem) – 2


bokalə̑š arakam ješarkalaš

bokalə̑š
bokal-ə̑š
bokal-š
goblet-ILL
no-case
arakam
araka-m
araka-m
vodka-ACC
no-case
arakam
araka-m
araka-em
vodka-1SG
no-poss
arakam
araka-m-Ø
araka-em-Ø
vodka-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
arakam
araka-m-Ø
araka-em-Ø
vodka-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
arakam
araka-m-Ø
araka-em-Ø
vodka-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
ješarkalaš
ješarkal-aš
ješarkale-aš
add-INF
vb2-inf

to add wine to glasses

ješarkalə̑maš – 1


arakaške βüdə̑m ješarkalə̑maš

arakaške
araka-ške
araka-ške
vodka-ILL
no-case
βüdə̑m
βüd-ə̑m
βüd-m
water-ACC
no-case
ješarkalə̑maš
ješarkalə̑maš
ješarkalə̑maš
addition
no
ješarkalə̑maš
ješarkalə̑-maš
ješarkale-maš
add-NMLZ
vb2-deriv.n

adding water to wine

ješartə̑k – 1


paša ješartə̑k

paša
paša
paša
work
no
ješartə̑k
ješartə̑k
ješartə̑k
profit
no

work profit, business profit

ješartə̑kan – 1


ješartə̑kan paša

ješartə̑kan
ješartə̑kan
ješartə̑kan
profitable
ad
ješartə̑kan
ješartə̑k-an
ješartə̑k-an
profit-with
no-deriv.ad
paša
paša
paša
work
no

profitable work, lucrative work

ješartə̑š – 1


izi maska - joč́an modə̑š polatšə̑lan ješartə̑š

izi
izi
izi
small
ad/no
maska -
maska
maska
bear
no
joč́an
joč́an
joč́an
with.a.child
ad
joč́an
joč́a-n
joč́a-an
child-with
no-deriv.ad
joč́an
joč́-an
joč́o-an
sharp-with
ad-deriv.ad
joč́an
joč́a-n
joč́a-n
child-GEN
no-case
modə̑š
modə̑š
modə̑š
game
no
modə̑š
modə̑-š
modo-š
blueberry-ILL
no-case
modə̑š
modə̑-š
modo-š
fashion-ILL
no-case
polatšə̑lan
polat-šə̑-lan
polat-že-lan
palace-3SG-DAT
no-poss-case
polatšə̑lan
polat-šə̑-la-n
polat-že-la-n
palace-3SG-PL-GEN
no-poss-num-case
ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
addition
no

a little bear is an addition to a child's toy collection

ješartə̑š – 2


ere ik žapə̑štak ješartə̑šə̑m ə̑šten šogə̑maš

ere
ere
ere
always
av/po
ere
ere
ere
clean
ad
ik
ik
ik
one
ad/nm/pa/pr
žapə̑štak
žapə̑št-ak
žapə̑šte-ak
in.time-STR
av/po-enc
žapə̑štak
žap-ə̑št-ak
žap-št-ak
time-3PL-STR
no-poss-enc
žapə̑štak
žap-ə̑št-ak
žap-šte-ak
time-INE-STR
no-case-enc
ješartə̑šə̑m
ješartə̑š-ə̑m
ješartə̑š-m
addition-ACC
no-case
ə̑šten
ə̑št-en-Ø
ə̑šte-en-Ø
do-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ə̑šten
ə̑št-en
ə̑šte-en
do-CVB
vb2-adv
šogə̑maš
šogə̑maš
šogə̑maš
standing
no
šogə̑maš
šogə̑-maš
šogo-maš
stand-NMLZ
vb2-deriv.n

regular replenishment, replenishment that occurs on a regular basis

ješartə̑š – 3


ojlə̑mo poč́eš ješartə̑šə̑m kolə̑štaš

ojlə̑mo
ojlə̑mo
ojlə̑mo
speech
ad
ojlə̑mo
ojlə̑-mo
ojlo-me
talk-PTCP.PASS
vb2-ad
poč́eš
poč́eš
poč́eš
recent
ad/av/po
poč́eš
poč́-eš
poč́-eš
tail-LAT
no-case
poč́eš
poč́-eš
poč́-eš
open-3SG
vb1-pers
ješartə̑šə̑m
ješartə̑š-ə̑m
ješartə̑š-m
addition-ACC
no-case
kolə̑štaš
kolə̑št-aš
kolə̑št-aš
listen-INF
vb1-inf

to listen to what people have to add after a speech

ješartə̑š – 4


ječ́ə̑lan ješartə̑š

ječ́ə̑lan
ječ́ə̑-lan
ječ́e-lan
ski-DAT
no-case
ječ́ə̑lan
ječ́ə̑-la-n
ječ́e-la-n
ski-PL-GEN
no-num-case
ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
addition
no

skiing accessories

ješartə̑š – 5


tüŋ pašadarlan ješartə̑š

tüŋ
tüŋ
tüŋ
foundation
ad/no
tüŋ
tüŋ-Ø
tüŋ-Ø
freeze-IMP.2SG
vb1-mood.pers
tüŋ
tüŋ-Ø
tüŋ-Ø
freeze-CNG
vb1-conn
tüŋ
tüŋ-Ø
tüŋ-Ø
freeze-CVB
vb1-adv
pašadarlan
pašadar-lan
pašadar-lan
wages-DAT
no-case
pašadarlan
pašadar-la-n
pašadar-la-n
wages-PL-GEN
no-num-case
ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
addition
no

supplement to a salary, bonus

ješartə̑š – 6


ješartə̑š material

ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
addition
no
material
material
material
material
no

supplementary materials, additional materials

ješartə̑š – 7


ješartə̑š oksa

ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
addition
no
oksa
oksa
oksa
money
no

additional payment

ješartə̑š – 8


ješartə̑š omsa

ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
addition
no
omsa
omsa
omsa
door
no

emergency exit

ješartə̑š – 9


ješartə̑š pale

ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
addition
no
pale
pale
pale
marking
ad/no
pale
pale-Ø
pale-Ø
know-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
pale
pale-Ø
pale-Ø
know-CNG
vb2-conn

diacritic, diacritical mark

ješartə̑š – 10


ješartə̑š kelə̑štarə̑maš

ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
addition
no
kelə̑štarə̑maš
kelə̑štarə̑maš
kelə̑štarə̑maš
coordination
no
kelə̑štarə̑maš
kelə̑štarə̑-maš
kelə̑štare-maš
coordinate-NMLZ
vb2-deriv.n

add-in

ješartə̑š – 11


ješartə̑š poldə̑šoŋa

ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
ješartə̑š
addition
no
poldə̑šoŋa
poldə̑šoŋa
poldə̑šoŋa
keyboard
no

keypad

ješartə̑šlan – 1


ješartə̑šlan kalasaš

ješartə̑šlan
ješartə̑šlan
ješartə̑šlan
in.addition
av
ješartə̑šlan
ješartə̑š-lan
ješartə̑š-lan
addition-DAT
no-case
ješartə̑šlan
ješartə̑š-la-n
ješartə̑š-la-n
addition-PL-GEN
no-num-case
kalasaš
kalas-aš
kalase-aš
say-INF
vb2-inf

to add, to say in addition

ješarč́ə̑k – 1


pašadarlan ješarč́ə̑k

pašadarlan
pašadar-lan
pašadar-lan
wages-DAT
no-case
pašadarlan
pašadar-la-n
pašadar-la-n
wages-PL-GEN
no-num-case
ješarč́ə̑k
ješarč́ə̑k
ješarč́ə̑k
addition
no

supplement to a salary, bonus

ješarə̑laš (-am) – 1


fl'agə̑ške βüdə̑m ješarə̑laš

fl'agə̑ške
fl'agə̑-ške
fl'age-ške
canteen-ILL
no-case
βüdə̑m
βüd-ə̑m
βüd-m
water-ACC
no-case
ješarə̑laš
ješarə̑l-aš
ješarə̑l-aš
add-INF
vb1-inf

to add water to flasks

ješarə̑me – 1


ješarə̑me č́len

ješarə̑me
ješarə̑me
ješarə̑me
prefixal
ad
ješarə̑me
ješarə̑-me
ješare-me
add-PTCP.PASS
vb2-ad
č́len
č́len
č́len
part
no

secondary phrase

ješarə̑me – 2


ješarə̑me jə̑žə̑ŋ

ješarə̑me
ješarə̑me
ješarə̑me
prefixal
ad
ješarə̑me
ješarə̑-me
ješare-me
add-PTCP.PASS
vb2-ad
jə̑žə̑ŋ
jə̑žə̑ŋ
jə̑žə̑ŋ
joint
no

secondary phrase

ješarə̑šaš – 1


mə̑jə̑n ješarə̑šašem uke

mə̑jə̑n
mə̑jə̑n
mə̑jə̑n
my
pr
mə̑jə̑n
mə̑j-ə̑n
mə̑j-n
1SG-GEN
pr-case
ješarə̑šašem
ješarə̑šaš-em
ješarə̑šaš-em
something.to.add-1SG
no-poss
ješarə̑šašem
ješarə̑-šaš-em
ješare-šaš-em
add-PTCP.FUT-1SG
vb2-ad-poss
ješarə̑šašem
ješarə̑šaš-em-Ø
ješarə̑šaš-em-Ø
something.to.add-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
ješarə̑šašem
ješarə̑šaš-em-Ø
ješarə̑šaš-em-Ø
something.to.add-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
ješarə̑šašem
ješarə̑šaš-em-Ø
ješarə̑šaš-em-Ø
something.to.add-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
ješarə̑šašem
ješarə̑-šaš-em-Ø
ješare-šaš-em-Ø
add-PTCP.FUT-TRANS-IMP.2SG
vb2-ad-deriv.v-mood.pers
ješarə̑šašem
ješarə̑-šaš-em-Ø
ješare-šaš-em-Ø
add-PTCP.FUT-TRANS-CNG
vb2-ad-deriv.v-conn
ješarə̑šašem
ješarə̑-šaš-em-Ø
ješare-šaš-em-Ø
add-PTCP.FUT-TRANS-CVB
vb2-ad-deriv.v-adv
uke
uke
uke
no
ad/no/pa

I have nothing to add

ješdə̑me – 1


ješdə̑me rβeze

ješdə̑me
ješdə̑me
ješdə̑me
unmarried
ad
ješdə̑me
ješ-də̑me
ješ-də̑me
family-without
no-deriv.ad
rβeze
rβeze
rβeze
young.man
ad/no

unmarried young man

ješlanaš (-jem) – 1


samə̑rə̑k rβeze ješlana

samə̑rə̑k
samə̑rə̑k
samə̑rə̑k
young
ad/no
rβeze
rβeze
rβeze
young.man
ad/no
ješlana
ješlan-a
ješlane-a
settle.down.to.married.life-3SG
vb2-pers
ješlana
ješ-la-na
ješ-la-na
family-COMP-1PL
no-case-poss
ješlana
ješ-la-na
ješ-la-na
family-PL-1PL
no-num-poss

the young man is settling down to married life

ješlə̑k – 1


tukə̑m gə̑č́ tukə̑mə̑š kusnə̑lšo ješlə̑k paša

tukə̑m
tukə̑m
tukə̑m
family
no
gə̑č́
gə̑č́
gə̑č́
from
po
tukə̑mə̑š
tukə̑m-ə̑š
tukə̑m-š
family-ILL
no-case
kusnə̑lšo
kusnə̑lšo
kusnə̑lšo
mobile
ad
kusnə̑lšo
kusnə̑l-šo
kusnə̑l-še
move-PTCP.ACT
vb1-ad
ješlə̑k
ješlə̑k
ješlə̑k
family
ad
ješlə̑k
ješ-lə̑k
ješ-lə̑k
family-for
no-deriv.ad
paša
paša
paša
work
no

family business that is passed from generation to generation

ješšot – 1


ješšot serkalə̑še pölka

ješšot
ješšot
ješšot
marital.status
no
serkalə̑še
serkalə̑še
serkalə̑še
writing
ad/no
serkalə̑še
serkalə̑-še
serkale-še
write-PTCP.ACT
vb2-ad
pölka
pölka
pölka
department
no

civil registry office, civil register office

ješə̑n – 1


korno ješə̑n

korno
korno
korno
road
no
ješə̑n
ješə̑n
ješə̑n
each
po
ješə̑n
ješ-ə̑n
ješ-n
family-GEN
no-case

down every path

ješə̑n – 2


pört ješə̑n

pört
pört
pört
house
no
ješə̑n
ješə̑n
ješə̑n
each
po
ješə̑n
ješ-ə̑n
ješ-n
family-GEN
no-case

in every house, to every house

ješə̑n – 3


jal ješə̑n

jal
jal
jal
village
no
ješə̑n
ješə̑n
ješə̑n
each
po
ješə̑n
ješ-ə̑n
ješ-n
family-GEN
no-case

in every village, to every village

ješə̑n-ješə̑n – 1


ješə̑n-ješə̑n pajremlaš

ješə̑n-ješə̑n
ješə̑n-ješə̑n
ješə̑n-ješə̑n
in.flocks
av
pajremlaš
pajreml-aš
pajremle-aš
celebrate-INF
vb2-inf
pajremlaš
pajrem-la-š
pajrem-la-š
holiday-PL-ILL
no-num-case
pajremlaš
pajrem-la-š
pajrem-la-eš
holiday-PL-LAT
no-num-case

to celebrate in families

jolko – 1


tač́e memnan klubə̑što jolko liješ

tač́e
tač́e
tač́e
today
ad/av
memnan
mem-na-n
me-na-n
1PL-1PL-GEN
pr-poss-case
klubə̑što
klub-ə̑što
klub-šte
club-INE
no-case
jolko
jolko
jolko
new.yeaŕs.tree
no
liješ
liješ
liješ
soon
pa
liješ
lij-eš
lij-eš
be-3SG
vb1-pers

there will be a new year's celebration at our club today

The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.
Last update: 10 August 2023