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[Instructions]

porsə̑n χalat
βrač́ χalat
paša χalat
χalat üštö
χalat šokš
joč́a-βlak χalβam peš jöratat
χalturə̑m βele ə̑šten moštena: küleš šinč́ə̑mašə̑m niguštat nalme ogə̑l
χaltur adak lekte
podə̑lšə̑rak pörjeŋ pašašte χalturitlen
kažne keč́ə̑n χalturitlena
mogaj šakše χameleon ulat!
Ozaŋ χan
χan polat
Ozaŋ χanstβe
χant jə̑lme
χant jüla
βujə̑što χaos
peŋgə̑de χarakter
puškə̑do χarakter
č́erə̑n χarakterže
χarakteremat sita: βujə̑m om pu
peŋgə̑de χarakteran
χarakteran rβeze
χarakterdə̑me ajdeme
tunemšə̑m χarakterizoβatlaš
poč́βə̑lan χarakteristike
χarakteristikə̑m puaš
saj χarakteristike
χarakteristikə̑m βozaš
kə̑lmə̑ktə̑me χek
jal ozanlə̑k χimizacij
jal ozanlə̑kə̑m χimiziroβatlaš
organič́eskij χimij
χimijə̑m tunemaš
χimijə̑m kuč́ə̑ltaš
χimij analiz
χimij indeks
χimij kabinet
χimij kinetike
χimij kə̑l
χimij nomenklatur
χimij promə̑šlennost'
χimij reakcij
χimij reakcij pisə̑lə̑k
χimij sintez
χimij teχnologij
χimij törnelə̑t
χimij uraβnenij
χimij urok
χimij formulo
χimij element
χimijə̑se kinetike
χimijə̑se kə̑l
χimikə̑n šə̑mlə̑mašə̑že
χimikatə̑m šaβaš
χimič́eskij βeš́š́estβa
χimič́eskij laboratorij
χimič́eskij karandaš
χimič́eskij promə̑šlennost'
χinə̑m kuč́ə̑ltaš
χirurgə̑n instrumentše
kə̑zə̑tse χirurgij
χirurgič́eskij operacij
χiš́š́nə̑j janlə̑k
χiš́š́nə̑j kajə̑k
χlopokə̑m pogaš
unə̑ka nergen χlopotatlaš
put'oβkə̑m χlopotatlaš
joč́a-βlak βerč́ə̑n χlopotatlaš
ikšə̑βe βerč́ χlopotatlen luktaš
χlopč́atnikə̑m onč́en kuštaš
χlor dene erə̑ktaš
užar χlorofill
χlorofill pə̑rč́e
χloroform dene maltaš
χlorofosə̑m šaβaš
χm, om pale, šonaltaš pu
üpə̑m χna dene č́ijaltaš
poč́to markə̑m pogə̑maš - mə̑jə̑n χobbiem
slonə̑n χobotšo
χodə̑što lijaš
χodə̑š koltaš
χodə̑što kuč́aš
χodə̑što pašam ə̑štaš
χodatajstβə̑m βozaš
χodatajstβə̑m puaš
mlande uč́astkə̑m ojə̑rə̑mo nergen χodatajstβoβatlaš
χodoβoj meχanizm
χoźajstβennə̑j satu
χokkeist-βlakə̑n treniroβkə̑št
χokkej dene modaš
šajban χokkej
χokkej pasu
χokkej šajbe
χollə̑što βuč́en šinč́aš
möŋgə̑sö χolodil'nik
χolodil'nikə̑m č́üktaš
joč́a χor
pörjeŋ χor
smešannə̑j χor
üdə̑ramaš χor
χor dene muraš
χorə̑što muraš
χorə̑m pogaš
χorə̑m βozaš
χorə̑m kolə̑štaš
šüšpə̑k χor
χor kružok
χor βujlatə̑še
χoreografə̑n šə̑ndə̑me kuštə̑mašə̑že
marij χoreografij
χorr-χorr ə̑štaš
serβerə̑m χostlaš
tošto χram
χramə̑m č́oŋaš
marij literatur dene χrestomatij
χrizantemə̑m pöleklaš
χristian-βlakə̑n βerašt
χristian ajdeme
χristian βera
χristian č́erke
χristianstβə̑n šarlə̑mə̑že
χristianstβə̑m kuč́aš
χrom gə̑č́ urgaš
χrom perč́atke
χrom kepke
χromkə̑m šoktaš
oŋam χromlaš
χromoβə̑j kem
ješ χronike
χronič́eskij č́er
marij istorijə̑n χronologijže
sobə̑tij-βlakə̑n χronologijə̑št
χrustal'ə̑m nalaš
χrustal' ate
χrustal' βaze
χrustal'nə̑j βaze
χudožestβennə̑j ludmaš
χudožestβennə̑j mastarlə̑k
χudožestβennə̑j obraz
χudožestβennə̑j proizβedenij
χudožestβennə̑j studij
χudožestβennə̑j tβorč́estβe
χudožnikə̑n süretše
χuliganə̑m sorlə̑klaš
χuligan paša
it χuliganitle: törtə̑k deč́ lüd
izi joč́a χuliganitlen koštaš tunemə̑n
izi χuliganstβe
izi χuliganstβə̑lan nakazatlaš
χutorə̑što ilaš
χutorə̑š lektaš
χutor mlande
pə̑rə̑s pə̑lə̑š βoktenem χə̑r-χə̑r mura


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χalat – 1


porsə̑n χalat

porsə̑n
porsə̑n
porsə̑n
silk
no
χalat
χalat
χalat
robe
no

silk dressing gown

χalat – 2


βrač́ χalat

βrač́
βrač́
βrač́
doctor
no
χalat
χalat
χalat
robe
no

doctor's smock

χalat – 3


paša χalat

paša
paša
paša
work
no
χalat
χalat
χalat
robe
no

smock, lab coat, dust coat, work overalls

χalat – 4


χalat üštö

χalat
χalat
χalat
robe
no
üštö
üštö
üštö
belt
no
üštö
üš-tö
üš-šte
club-INE
no-case
üštö
üšt-ö
üšt-Je
sweep-PST1.3SG
vb1-tense.pers

robe belt

χalat – 5


χalat šokš

χalat
χalat
χalat
robe
no
šokš
šokš
šokš
sleeve
no

robe sleeve

χalβa – 1


joč́a-βlak χalβam peš jöratat

joč́a-βlak
joč́a-βlak
joč́a-βlak
child-PL
no-num
χalβam
χalβa-m
χalβa-m
halva-ACC
no-case
χalβam
χalβa-m
χalβa-em
halva-1SG
no-poss
χalβam
χalβa-m-Ø
χalβa-em-Ø
halva-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
χalβam
χalβa-m-Ø
χalβa-em-Ø
halva-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
χalβam
χalβa-m-Ø
χalβa-em-Ø
halva-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
peš
peš
peš
very
av
jöratat
jörat-at
jörate-at
love-3PL
vb2-pers
jöratat
jörat-a-t
jörate-a-at
love-3SG-and
vb2-pers-enc
jöratat
jör-at-at
jörö-at-at
roll-3PL-and
vb2-pers-enc
jöratat
jör-at-at
jörö-at-at
mix-3PL-and
vb2-pers-enc
jöratat
jör-at-at
jörö-at-at
go.out-3PL-and
vb2-pers-enc
jöratat
jör-at-at
jörö-at-at
be.satisfying-3PL-and
vb2-pers-enc
jöratat
jörat-Ø-at
jörate-Ø-at
love-CNG-and
vb2-conn-enc

children really like halva

χaltur – 1


χalturə̑m βele ə̑šten moštena: küleš šinč́ə̑mašə̑m niguštat nalme ogə̑l

χalturə̑m
χaltur-ə̑m
χaltur-m
shoddy.work-ACC
no-case
βele
βele
βele
only
pa
βele
βele-Ø
βele-Ø
spill-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
βele
βel-'e
βel-Je
spill-PST1.3SG
vb1-tense.pers
βele
βele-Ø
βele-Ø
spill-CNG
vb2-conn
ə̑šten
ə̑št-en-Ø
ə̑šte-en-Ø
do-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
ə̑šten
ə̑št-en
ə̑šte-en
do-CVB
vb2-adv
moštena:
mošt-ena
mošto-ena
be.able.to-1PL
vb2-pers
moštena:
mošt-ena
mošto-ena
become.tired-1PL
vb2-pers
küleš
küleš
küleš
need
ad/no
küleš
kül-eš
kül-eš
be.necessary-3SG
vb1-pers
šinč́ə̑mašə̑m
šinč́ə̑maš-ə̑m
šinč́ə̑maš-m
sitting-ACC
no-case
šinč́ə̑mašə̑m
šinč́ə̑maš-ə̑m
šinč́ə̑maš-m
knowledge-ACC
no-case
šinč́ə̑mašə̑m
šinč́ə̑-maš-ə̑m
šinč́e-maš-m
sit-NMLZ-ACC
vb2-deriv.n-case
šinč́ə̑mašə̑m
šinč́ə̑-maš-ə̑m
šinč́e-maš-m
know-NMLZ-ACC
vb2-deriv.n-case
niguštat
ńigušt-at
ńigušto-at
nowhere-and
av/pr-enc
niguštat
ńiguš-t-at
ńiguš-šte-at
nowhere-INE-and
av/pr-case-enc
nalme
nalme
nalme
purchasing
ad
nalme
nal-me
nal-me
take-PTCP.PASS
vb1-ad
ogə̑l
og-Ø-ə̑l-Ø
og-Ø-ul-Ø
NEG-3SG-be-CNG
vb-pers-vb-conn

we can only do shoddy work, we didn't get the necessary knowledge anywhere

χaltur – 2


χaltur adak lekte

χaltur
χaltur
χaltur
shoddy.work
no
adak
adak
adak
again
av
lekte
lekt-e
lekt-Je
go-PST1.3SG
vb1-tense.pers

a chance to make some money on the side came up again

χalturitlaš (-jem) – 1


podə̑lšə̑rak pörjeŋ pašašte χalturitlen

podə̑lšə̑rak
podə̑lšə̑-rak
podə̑lšo-rak
slightly.drunk-COMP
ad-deg
podə̑lšə̑rak
podə̑l-šə̑-rak
podə̑l-še-rak
sip-PTCP.ACT-COMP
vb1-ad-deg
pörjeŋ
pörjeŋ
pörjeŋ
man
no
pašašte
paša-šte
paša-šte
work-INE
no-case
χalturitlen
χalturitl-en-Ø
χalturitle-en-Ø
do.careless.work-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
χalturitlen
χalturitl-en
χalturitle-en
do.careless.work-CVB
vb2-adv

the drunken man was working carelessly

χalturitlaš (-jem) – 2


kažne keč́ə̑n χalturitlena

kažne
kažne
kažne
each
pr
keč́ə̑n
keč́ə̑n
keč́ə̑n
daily
av
keč́ə̑n
keč́ə̑-n
keč́e-n
sun-GEN
no-case
χalturitlena
χalturitl-ena
χalturitle-ena
do.careless.work-1PL
vb2-pers

we make money on the side all the time

χameleon – 1


mogaj šakše χameleon ulat!

mogaj
mogaj
mogaj
what.sort.of
ad/pa/pr
šakše
šakše
šakše
nasty
ad/no
χameleon
χameleon
χameleon
chameleon
no
ulat!
ula-t
ula-et
cart-2SG
no-poss
ulat!
ula-t
ula-at
cart-and
no-enc
ulat!
ul-at
ulo-at
is-and
ad/no/vb-enc
ulat!
ul-at
ul-at
be-2SG
vb1-pers
ulat!
u-la-t
u-la-et
new-COMP-2SG
ad/no-case-poss
ulat!
u-la-t
u-la-et
new-PL-2SG
ad/no-num-poss
ulat!
u-la-t
u-la-at
new-COMP-and
ad/no-case-enc
ulat!
u-la-t
u-la-at
new-PL-and
ad/no-num-enc
ulat!
ul-Ø-at
ul-Ø-at
be-CNG-and
vb1-conn-enc
ulat!
ul-Ø-at
ul-Ø-at
be-CVB-and
vb1-adv-enc

what a lowly chameleon you are!

χan – 1


Ozaŋ χan

Ozaŋ
Ozaŋ
Ozaŋ
Kazan
pn
Ozaŋ
Ozaŋ-Ø
ozaŋ-Ø
get.an.owner-IMP.2SG
vb1-mood.pers
Ozaŋ
Ozaŋ-Ø
ozaŋ-Ø
get.an.owner-CNG
vb1-conn
Ozaŋ
Ozaŋ-Ø
ozaŋ-Ø
get.an.owner-CVB
vb1-adv
Ozaŋ
Oza-ŋ-Ø
oza-aŋ-Ø
owner-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
Ozaŋ
Oza-ŋ-Ø
oza-aŋ-Ø
owner-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
Ozaŋ
Oza-ŋ-Ø
oza-aŋ-Ø
owner-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
χan
χan
χan
khan
no

Khan of Kazan, Kazan Khan

χan – 2


χan polat

χan
χan
χan
khan
no
polat
polat
polat
palace
no
polat
pol-at
polo-at
polo-and
no-enc

the khan's palace

χanstβe – 1


Ozaŋ χanstβe

Ozaŋ
Ozaŋ
Ozaŋ
Kazan
pn
Ozaŋ
Ozaŋ-Ø
ozaŋ-Ø
get.an.owner-IMP.2SG
vb1-mood.pers
Ozaŋ
Ozaŋ-Ø
ozaŋ-Ø
get.an.owner-CNG
vb1-conn
Ozaŋ
Ozaŋ-Ø
ozaŋ-Ø
get.an.owner-CVB
vb1-adv
Ozaŋ
Oza-ŋ-Ø
oza-aŋ-Ø
owner-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
Ozaŋ
Oza-ŋ-Ø
oza-aŋ-Ø
owner-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
Ozaŋ
Oza-ŋ-Ø
oza-aŋ-Ø
owner-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
χanstβe
χanstβe
χanstβe
khanate
no

Khanate of Kazan

χant – 1


χant jə̑lme

χant
χant
χant
Khanty
no
jə̑lme
jə̑lme
jə̑lme
tongue
no

Khanty language

χant – 2


χant jüla

χant
χant
χant
Khanty
no
jüla
jüla
jüla
custom
no
jüla
jül-a
jülö-a
burn-3SG
vb2-pers
jüla
jü-Ø-la
jü-Ø-la
drink-CNG-STR
vb1-conn-enc
jüla
jü-Ø-la
jü-Ø-la
drink-CVB-STR
vb1-adv-enc

Khanty customs

χaos – 1


βujə̑što χaos

βujə̑što
βuj-ə̑što
βuj-šte
head-INE
no-case
χaos
χaos
χaos
chaos
no

chaos in the mind, mental chaos

χarakter – 1


peŋgə̑de χarakter

peŋgə̑de
peŋgə̑de
peŋgə̑de
hard
ad
χarakter
χarakter
χarakter
character
no

determined character, strong character, strong-mindedness

χarakter – 2


puškə̑do χarakter

puškə̑do
puškə̑do
puškə̑do
soft
ad
χarakter
χarakter
χarakter
character
no

mild disposition, gentle disposition

χarakter – 3


č́erə̑n χarakterže

č́erə̑n
č́er-ə̑n
č́er-n
disease-GEN
no-case
χarakterže
χarakter-že
χarakter-že
character-3SG
no-poss

the nature of a disease

χarakter – 4


χarakteremat sita: βujə̑m om pu

χarakteremat
χarakter-em-at
χarakter-em-at
character-1SG-and
no-poss-enc
χarakteremat
χarakter-em-at
χarakter-em-at
character-TRANS-2SG
no-deriv.v-pers
χarakteremat
χarakter-em-at
χarakter-em-at
character-TRANS-3PL
no-deriv.v-pers
χarakteremat
χarakter-em-a-t
χarakter-em-a-at
character-TRANS-3SG-and
no-deriv.v-pers-enc
χarakteremat
χarakter-em-Ø-at
χarakter-em-Ø-at
character-TRANS-CNG-and
no-deriv.v-conn-enc
χarakteremat
χarakter-em-Ø-at
χarakter-em-Ø-at
character-TRANS-CVB-and
no-deriv.v-adv-enc
χarakteremat
χarakter-em--at
χarakter-em-Je-at
character-TRANS-PST1.3SG-and
no-deriv.v-tense.pers-enc
sita:
sita
sita
enough
in/vb
sita:
sita
sita
sieve
no
sita:
sit-a
site-a
suffice-3SG
vb2-pers
βujə̑m
βuj-ə̑m
βuj-m
head-ACC
no-case
om
o-m
o-m
NEG-1SG
vb-pers
om
om
om
ohm
no
pu
pu
pu
wood
no
pu
pu-Ø
puo-Ø
give-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
pu
pu-Ø
puo-Ø
blow-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
pu
pu-Ø
puo-Ø
give-CNG
vb2-conn
pu
pu-Ø
puo-Ø
blow-CNG
vb2-conn

my will is strong enough - I won't give in

χarakteran – 1


peŋgə̑de χarakteran

peŋgə̑de
peŋgə̑de
peŋgə̑de
hard
ad
χarakteran
χarakteran
χarakteran
with.a.disposition
ad
χarakteran
χarakter-an
χarakter-an
character-with
no-deriv.ad

having a determined character

χarakteran – 2


χarakteran rβeze

χarakteran
χarakteran
χarakteran
with.a.disposition
ad
χarakteran
χarakter-an
χarakter-an
character-with
no-deriv.ad
rβeze
rβeze
rβeze
young.man
ad/no

strong-willed young man

χarakterdə̑me – 1


χarakterdə̑me ajdeme

χarakterdə̑me
χarakterdə̑me
χarakterdə̑me
weak-willed
ad
χarakterdə̑me
χarakter-də̑me
χarakter-də̑me
character-without
no-deriv.ad
ajdeme
ajdeme
ajdeme
human
no

weak-willed person

χarakterizoβatlaš (-jem) – 1


tunemšə̑m χarakterizoβatlaš

tunemšə̑m
tunemšə̑-m
tunemše-m
educated-ACC
ad/no-case
tunemšə̑m
tunem-šə̑-m
tunem-še-m
learn-PTCP.ACT-ACC
vb1-ad-case
χarakterizoβatlaš
χarakterizoβatl-aš
χarakterizoβatle-aš
characterize-INF
vb2-inf

to characterize a student

χarakteristike – 1


poč́βə̑lan χarakteristike

poč́βə̑lan
poč́βə̑-lan
poč́βo-lan
soil-DAT
no-case
poč́βə̑lan
poč́βə̑-la-n
poč́βo-la-n
soil-PL-GEN
no-num-case
χarakteristike
χarakteristike
χarakteristike
description
no

soil description

χarakteristike – 2


χarakteristikə̑m puaš

χarakteristikə̑m
χarakteristikə̑-m
χarakteristike-m
description-ACC
no-case
puaš
pu-aš
puo-aš
give-INF
vb2-inf
puaš
pu-aš
puo-aš
blow-INF
vb2-inf

to give a characterization

χarakteristike – 3


saj χarakteristike

saj
saj
saj
good
ad/av
χarakteristike
χarakteristike
χarakteristike
description
no

good references

χarakteristike – 4


χarakteristikə̑m βozaš

χarakteristikə̑m
χarakteristikə̑-m
χarakteristike-m
description-ACC
no-case
βozaš
βozaš
βozaš
a.cartload
ad
βozaš
βoz-aš
βoz-aš
lie.down-INF
vb1-inf
βozaš
βoz-aš
βozo-aš
write-INF
vb2-inf

to write a letter of reference

χek – 1


kə̑lmə̑ktə̑me χek

kə̑lmə̑ktə̑me
kə̑lmə̑ktə̑me
kə̑lmə̑ktə̑me
frozen
ad
kə̑lmə̑ktə̑me
kə̑lmə̑ktə̑-me
kə̑lmə̑kte-me
freeze-PTCP.PASS
vb2-ad
kə̑lmə̑ktə̑me
kə̑lmə̑-ktə̑-me
kə̑lme-kte-me
freeze.up-CAUS-PTCP.PASS
vb2-deriv.v-ad
χek
χek
χek
hake
no

frozen hake

χimizacij – 1


jal ozanlə̑k χimizacij

jal
jal
jal
village
no
ozanlə̑k
ozanlə̑k
ozanlə̑k
economy
no
ozanlə̑k
oza-n-lə̑k
oza-an-lə̑k
owner-with-for
no-deriv.ad-deriv.ad
χimizacij
χimizacij
χimizacij
chemicalization
no

chemicalization of agriculture

χimiziroβatlaš (-jem) – 1


jal ozanlə̑kə̑m χimiziroβatlaš

jal
jal
jal
village
no
ozanlə̑kə̑m
ozanlə̑k-ə̑m
ozanlə̑k-m
economy-ACC
no-case
ozanlə̑kə̑m
oza-n-lə̑k-ə̑m
oza-an-lə̑k-m
owner-with-for-ACC
no-deriv.ad-deriv.ad-case
χimiziroβatlaš
χimiziroβatl-aš
χimiziroβatle-aš
chemicalize-INF
vb2-inf

to chemicalize agriculture

χimij – 1


organič́eskij χimij

organič́eskij
organič́eskij
organič́eskij
organic
ad
χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no

organic chemistry

χimij – 2


χimijə̑m tunemaš

χimijə̑m
χimij-ə̑m
χimij-m
chemistry-ACC
no-case
tunemaš
tunem-aš
tunem-aš
learn-INF
vb1-inf

to study chemistry

χimij – 3


χimijə̑m kuč́ə̑ltaš

χimijə̑m
χimij-ə̑m
χimij-m
chemistry-ACC
no-case
kuč́ə̑ltaš
kuč́ə̑lt-aš
kuč́ə̑lt-aš
hold-INF
vb1-inf

to use chemicals

χimij – 4


χimij analiz

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
analiz
analiz
analiz
analysis
no

chemical analysis

χimij – 5


χimij indeks

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
indeks
indeks
indeks
index
no

chemical index

χimij – 6


χimij kabinet

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
kabinet
kabinet
kabinet
study
no
kabinet
kabin-et
kabine-et
cabin-2SG
no-poss

chemistry room, chemistry lab

χimij – 7


χimij kinetike

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
kinetike
kinetike
kinetike
kinetics
no

chemical kinetics

χimij – 8


χimij kə̑l

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
kə̑l
kə̑l
kə̑l
string
no

chemical bond

χimij – 9


χimij nomenklatur

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
nomenklatur
nomenklatur
nomenklatur
nomenclature
no

chemical nomenclature

χimij – 10


χimij promə̑šlennost'

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
promə̑šlennost'
promə̑šlennost'
promə̑šlennost'
industry
no

chemical industry

χimij – 11


χimij reakcij

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
reakcij
reakcij
reakcij
reaction
no

chemical reaction

χimij – 12


χimij reakcij pisə̑lə̑k

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
reakcij
reakcij
reakcij
reaction
no
pisə̑lə̑k
pisə̑lə̑k
pisə̑lə̑k
quickness
no
pisə̑lə̑k
pisə̑-lə̑k
pise-lə̑k
quick-for
ad-deriv.ad

reaction rate, speed of reaction

χimij – 13


χimij sintez

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
sintez
sintez
sintez
synthesis
no

chemical synthesis

χimij – 14


χimij teχnologij

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
teχnologij
teχnologij
teχnologij
technology
no

chemical engineering

χimij – 15


χimij törnelə̑t

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
törnelə̑t
törnelə̑t
törnelə̑t
equilibrium
no

chemical equilibrium

χimij – 16


χimij uraβnenij

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
uraβnenij
uraβnenij
uraβnenij
equation
no

chemical equation

χimij – 17


χimij urok

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
urok
urok
urok
lesson
no

chemistry lesson, chemistry class

χimij – 18


χimij formulo

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
formulo
formulo
formulo
formula
no

chemical formula

χimij – 19


χimij element

χimij
χimij
χimij
chemistry
no
element
element
element
element
no

chemical element

χimijə̑se – 1


χimijə̑se kinetike

χimijə̑se
χimijə̑se
χimijə̑se
chemical
no
χimijə̑se
χimij-ə̑se
χimij-se
chemistry-ADJ
no-deriv.ad
kinetike
kinetike
kinetike
kinetics
no

chemical kinetics

χimijə̑se – 2


χimijə̑se kə̑l

χimijə̑se
χimijə̑se
χimijə̑se
chemical
no
χimijə̑se
χimij-ə̑se
χimij-se
chemistry-ADJ
no-deriv.ad
kə̑l
kə̑l
kə̑l
string
no

chemical bond

χimik – 1


χimikə̑n šə̑mlə̑mašə̑že

χimikə̑n
χimik-ə̑n
χimik-n
chemist-GEN
no-case
šə̑mlə̑mašə̑že
šə̑mlə̑maš-ə̑že
šə̑mlə̑maš-že
research-3SG
no-poss
šə̑mlə̑mašə̑že
šə̑mlə̑-maš-ə̑že
šə̑mle-maš-že
research-NMLZ-3SG
vb2-deriv.n-poss

a chemist's research

χimikat – 1


χimikatə̑m šaβaš

χimikatə̑m
χimikat-ə̑m
χimikat-m
chemical-ACC
no-case
šaβaš
šaβ-aš
šaβe-aš
strew-INF
vb2-inf

to spray chemicals

χimič́eskij – 1


χimič́eskij βeš́š́estβa

χimič́eskij
χimič́eskij
χimič́eskij
chemical
ad
βeš́š́estβa
βeš́š́estβa
βeš́š́estβa
substance
no

chemical substances

χimič́eskij – 2


χimič́eskij laboratorij

χimič́eskij
χimič́eskij
χimič́eskij
chemical
ad
laboratorij
laboratorij
laboratorij
laboratory
no

chemical laboratory

χimič́eskij – 3


χimič́eskij karandaš

χimič́eskij
χimič́eskij
χimič́eskij
chemical
ad
karandaš
karandaš
karandaš
pencil
no

indelible pencil, ink pencil

χimič́eskij – 4


χimič́eskij promə̑šlennost'

χimič́eskij
χimič́eskij
χimič́eskij
chemical
ad
promə̑šlennost'
promə̑šlennost'
promə̑šlennost'
industry
no

chemical industry

χine – 1


χinə̑m kuč́ə̑ltaš

χinə̑m
χinə̑-m
χine-m
quinine-ACC
no-case
kuč́ə̑ltaš
kuč́ə̑lt-aš
kuč́ə̑lt-aš
hold-INF
vb1-inf

to use quinine

χirurg – 1


χirurgə̑n instrumentše

χirurgə̑n
χirurg-ə̑n
χirurg-n
surgeon-GEN
no-case
instrumentše
instrument-še
instrument-že
tool-3SG
no-poss

a surgeon's instruments

χirurgij – 1


kə̑zə̑tse χirurgij

kə̑zə̑tse
kə̑zə̑tse
kə̑zə̑tse
present
ad
χirurgij
χirurgij
χirurgij
surgery
no

modern surgery

χirurgič́eskij – 1


χirurgič́eskij operacij

χirurgič́eskij
χirurgič́eskij
χirurgič́eskij
surgical
ad
operacij
operacij
operacij
operation
no

surgical operation

χiš́š́nə̑j – 1


χiš́š́nə̑j janlə̑k

χiš́š́nə̑j
χiš́š́nə̑j
χiš́š́nə̑j
predatory
ad
janlə̑k
janlə̑k
janlə̑k
animal
no

predator, beast of prey

χiš́š́nə̑j – 2


χiš́š́nə̑j kajə̑k

χiš́š́nə̑j
χiš́š́nə̑j
χiš́š́nə̑j
predatory
ad
kajə̑k
kajə̑k
kajə̑k
bird
no

bird of prey

χlopok – 1


χlopokə̑m pogaš

χlopokə̑m
χlopok-ə̑m
χlopok-m
cotton-ACC
no-case
pogaš
pog-aš
pogo-aš
gather-INF
vb2-inf

to pick cotton

χlopotatlaš (-jem) – 1


unə̑ka nergen χlopotatlaš

unə̑ka
unə̑ka
unə̑ka
grandchild
no
nergen
nergen
nergen
about
po
nergen
nerge-n
nerge-n
cold-GEN
no-case
nergen
nerge-n
nerge-n
badger-GEN
no-case
nergen
nerge-n
nerge-n
order-GEN
no-case
χlopotatlaš
χlopotatl-aš
χlopotatle-aš
make.an.effort.for-INF
vb2-inf

to go to great efforts for one's grandchild

χlopotatlaš (-jem) – 2


put'oβkə̑m χlopotatlaš

put'oβkə̑m
put'oβkə̑-m
put'oβko-m
pass-ACC
no-case
χlopotatlaš
χlopotatl-aš
χlopotatle-aš
make.an.effort.for-INF
vb2-inf

to make an effort to get a holiday pass

χlopotatlaš (-jem) – 3


joč́a-βlak βerč́ə̑n χlopotatlaš

joč́a-βlak
joč́a-βlak
joč́a-βlak
child-PL
no-num
βerč́ə̑n
βerč́ə̑n
βerč́ə̑n
for
po
χlopotatlaš
χlopotatl-aš
χlopotatle-aš
make.an.effort.for-INF
vb2-inf

to speak up for the children, to take up the children's case

χlopotatlaš (-jem) – 4


ikšə̑βe βerč́ χlopotatlen luktaš

ikšə̑βe
ikšə̑βe
ikšə̑βe
child
no
βerč́
βerč́
βerč́
for
po
χlopotatlen
χlopotatl-en-Ø
χlopotatle-en-Ø
make.an.effort.for-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
χlopotatlen
χlopotatl-en
χlopotatle-en
make.an.effort.for-CVB
vb2-adv
luktaš
lukt-aš
lukt-aš
lead.out-INF
vb1-inf

to go to great efforts for a child

χlopč́atnik – 1


χlopč́atnikə̑m onč́en kuštaš

χlopč́atnikə̑m
χlopč́atnik-ə̑m
χlopč́atnik-m
cotton.plant-ACC
no-case
onč́en
onč́-en-Ø
onč́o-en-Ø
look-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
onč́en
onč́-en
onč́o-en
look-CVB
vb2-adv
kuštaš
kušt-aš
kušto-aš
grow-INF
vb2-inf
kuštaš
kušt-aš
kušto-aš
dance-INF
vb2-inf

to raise cotton

χlor – 1


χlor dene erə̑ktaš

χlor
χlor
χlor
chlorineCl
no
dene
dene
dene
with
po
erə̑ktaš
erə̑kt-aš
erə̑kte-aš
clean-INF
vb2-inf

to clean with chlorine

χlorofill – 1


užar χlorofill

užar
užar
užar
green
ad
χlorofill
χlorofill
χlorofill
chlorophyll
no

green chlorophyl

χlorofill – 2


χlorofill pə̑rč́e

χlorofill
χlorofill
χlorofill
chlorophyll
no
pə̑rč́e
pə̑rč́e
pə̑rč́e
grain
no

chlorophyll granules

χloroform – 1


χloroform dene maltaš

χloroform
χloroform
χloroform
chloroform
no
dene
dene
dene
with
po
maltaš
malt-aš
malte-aš
lull.to.sleep-INF
vb2-inf

to put to sleep with chloroform

χlorofos – 1


χlorofosə̑m šaβaš

χlorofosə̑m
χlorofos-ə̑m
χlorofos-m
metrifonate-ACC
no-case
šaβaš
šaβ-aš
šaβe-aš
strew-INF
vb2-inf

to spray metrifonate

χm – 1


χm, om pale, šonaltaš pu

χm,
χm
χm
hmm
in
om
o-m
o-m
NEG-1SG
vb-pers
om
om
om
ohm
no
pale,
pale
pale
marking
ad/no
pale,
pale-Ø
pale-Ø
know-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
pale,
pale-Ø
pale-Ø
know-CNG
vb2-conn
šonaltaš
šonalt-aš
šonalt-aš
seem-INF
vb1-inf
šonaltaš
šonalt-aš
šonalte-aš
think-INF
vb2-inf
šonaltaš
šon-alt-aš
šono-alt-aš
think-REF-INF
vb2-deriv.v-inf
pu
pu
pu
wood
no
pu
pu-Ø
puo-Ø
give-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
pu
pu-Ø
puo-Ø
blow-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
pu
pu-Ø
puo-Ø
give-CNG
vb2-conn
pu
pu-Ø
puo-Ø
blow-CNG
vb2-conn

hmm, I don't know, let me think

χna – 1


üpə̑m χna dene č́ijaltaš

üpə̑m
üp-ə̑m
üp-m
hair-ACC
no-case
üpə̑m
üpə̑-m
üpö-m
herd-ACC
no-case
üpə̑m
üpə̑-m
üpö-m
Ufa-ACC
pn-case
χna
χna
χna
henna
no
dene
dene
dene
with
po
č́ijaltaš
č́ijalt-aš
č́ijalte-aš
paint-INF
vb2-inf
č́ijaltaš
č́ij-alt-aš
č́ije-alt-aš
put.on-REF-INF
vb2-deriv.v-inf

to color one's hair with henna

χobbi – 1


poč́to markə̑m pogə̑maš - mə̑jə̑n χobbiem

poč́to
poč́to
poč́to
post.office
no
markə̑m
markə̑-m
marke-m
stamp-ACC
no-case
pogə̑maš -
pogə̑maš
pogə̑maš
collection
no
pogə̑maš -
pogə̑-maš
pogo-maš
gather-NMLZ
vb2-deriv.n
mə̑jə̑n
mə̑jə̑n
mə̑jə̑n
my
pr
mə̑jə̑n
mə̑j-ə̑n
mə̑j-n
1SG-GEN
pr-case
χobbiem
χobbi-em
χobbi-em
hobby-1SG
no-poss
χobbiem
χobbi-em-Ø
χobbi-em-Ø
hobby-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
χobbiem
χobbi-em-Ø
χobbi-em-Ø
hobby-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
χobbiem
χobbi-em-Ø
χobbi-em-Ø
hobby-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv

collecting stamps is my hobby

χobot – 1


slonə̑n χobotšo

slonə̑n
slon-ə̑n
slon-n
elephant-GEN
no-case
χobotšo
χobot-šo
χobot-že
trunk-3SG
no-poss

elephant's trunk

χod – 1


χodə̑što lijaš

χodə̑što
χod-ə̑što
χod-šte
function-INE
no-case
lijaš
lij-aš
lij-aš
be-INF
vb1-inf

to be in action, to be in operation

χod – 2


χodə̑š koltaš

χodə̑š
χod-ə̑š
χod-š
function-ILL
no-case
koltaš
kolt-aš
kolto-aš
send-INF
vb2-inf

to put into action, to set into operation

χod – 3


χodə̑što kuč́aš

χodə̑što
χod-ə̑što
χod-šte
function-INE
no-case
kuč́aš
kuč́a-š
kuč́a-š
residue-ILL
no-case
kuč́aš
kuč́a-š
kuč́a-eš
residue-LAT
no-case
kuč́aš
kuč́-aš
kuč́o-aš
hold-INF
vb2-inf

to keep something going

χod – 4


χodə̑što pašam ə̑štaš

χodə̑što
χod-ə̑što
χod-šte
function-INE
no-case
pašam
paša-m
paša-m
work-ACC
no-case
pašam
paša-m
paša-em
work-1SG
no-poss
pašam
paša-m-Ø
paša-em-Ø
work-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
pašam
paša-m-Ø
paša-em-Ø
work-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
pašam
paša-m-Ø
paša-em-Ø
work-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
ə̑štaš
ə̑št-aš
ə̑šte-aš
do-INF
vb2-inf

to be in action, to be in operation

χodatajstβe – 1


χodatajstβə̑m βozaš

χodatajstβə̑m
χodatajstβə̑-m
χodatajstβe-m
petition-ACC
no-case
βozaš
βozaš
βozaš
a.cartload
ad
βozaš
βoz-aš
βoz-aš
lie.down-INF
vb1-inf
βozaš
βoz-aš
βozo-aš
write-INF
vb2-inf

to write a petition

χodatajstβe – 2


χodatajstβə̑m puaš

χodatajstβə̑m
χodatajstβə̑-m
χodatajstβe-m
petition-ACC
no-case
puaš
pu-aš
puo-aš
give-INF
vb2-inf
puaš
pu-aš
puo-aš
blow-INF
vb2-inf

to file a petition

χodatajstβoβatlaš (-jem) – 1


mlande uč́astkə̑m ojə̑rə̑mo nergen χodatajstβoβatlaš

mlande
mlande
mlande
land
no
mlande
mlande
mlande
Earth
pn
uč́astkə̑m
uč́astkə̑-m
uč́astke-m
plot-ACC
no-case
ojə̑rə̑mo
ojə̑rə̑mo
ojə̑rə̑mo
selected
ad
ojə̑rə̑mo
ojə̑rə̑-mo
ojə̑ro-me
separate-PTCP.PASS
vb2-ad
nergen
nergen
nergen
about
po
nergen
nerge-n
nerge-n
cold-GEN
no-case
nergen
nerge-n
nerge-n
badger-GEN
no-case
nergen
nerge-n
nerge-n
order-GEN
no-case
χodatajstβoβatlaš
χodatajstβoβatl-aš
χodatajstβoβatle-aš
apply.for-INF
vb2-inf

to petition for land allocation

χodoβoj – 1


χodoβoj meχanizm

χodoβoj
χodoβoj
χodoβoj
running
ad
meχanizm
meχanizm
meχanizm
mechanism
no

running gear

χoźajstβennə̑j – 1


χoźajstβennə̑j satu

χoźajstβennə̑j
χoźajstβennə̑j
χoźajstβennə̑j
economic
ad
satu
satu
satu
goods
no

business goods

χokkeist – 1


χokkeist-βlakə̑n treniroβkə̑št

χokkeist-βlakə̑n
χokkeist-βlak-ə̑n
χokkeist-βlak-n
hockey.player-PL-GEN
no-num-case
treniroβkə̑št
treniroβkə̑-št
treniroβko-št
training-3PL
no-poss

hockey players' training

χokkej – 1


χokkej dene modaš

χokkej
χokkej
χokkej
hockey
no
dene
dene
dene
with
po
modaš
mod-aš
mod-aš
play-INF
vb1-inf

to play hockey

χokkej – 2


šajban χokkej

šajban
šajban
šajban
with.a.puck
ad
šajban
šajb-an
šajbe-an
washer-with
no-deriv.ad
χokkej
χokkej
χokkej
hockey
no

ice hockey

χokkej – 3


χokkej pasu

χokkej
χokkej
χokkej
hockey
no
pasu
pasu
pasu
field
no

ice hockey rink

χokkej – 4


χokkej šajbe

χokkej
χokkej
χokkej
hockey
no
šajbe
šajbe
šajbe
washer
no

hockey puck, ice hockey puck

χoll – 1


χollə̑što βuč́en šinč́aš

χollə̑što
χoll-ə̑što
χoll-šte
hall-INE
no-case
βuč́en
βuč́-en-Ø
βuč́o-en-Ø
wait-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
βuč́en
βuč́-en
βuč́o-en
wait-CVB
vb2-adv
šinč́aš
šinč́a-š
šinč́a-š
eye-ILL
no-case
šinč́aš
šinč́a-š
šinč́a-eš
eye-LAT
no-case
šinč́aš
šinč́-aš
šinč́-aš
sit.down-INF
vb1-inf
šinč́aš
šinč́-aš
šinč́e-aš
sit-INF
vb2-inf
šinč́aš
šinč́-aš
šinč́e-aš
know-INF
vb2-inf

to wait in the hall

χolodil'nik – 1


möŋgə̑sö χolodil'nik

möŋgə̑sö
möŋgə̑sö
möŋgə̑sö
domestic
ad/no
möŋgə̑sö
möŋgə̑-sö
möŋgö-se
home-ADJ
av/no/po-deriv.ad
χolodil'nik
χolodil'nik
χolodil'nik
refrigerator
no

home refrigerator

χolodil'nik – 2


χolodil'nikə̑m č́üktaš

χolodil'nikə̑m
χolodil'nik-ə̑m
χolodil'nik-m
refrigerator-ACC
no-case
č́üktaš
č́ükt-aš
č́üktö-aš
light-INF
vb2-inf

to turn on a refrigerator

χor – 1


joč́a χor

joč́a
joč́a
joč́a
child
no
χor
χor
χor
choir
no

children's choir

χor – 2


pörjeŋ χor

pörjeŋ
pörjeŋ
pörjeŋ
man
no
χor
χor
χor
choir
no

male choir, men's choir

χor – 3


smešannə̑j χor

smešannə̑j
smešannə̑j
smešannə̑j
mixed
no
χor
χor
χor
choir
no

mixed choir

χor – 4


üdə̑ramaš χor

üdə̑ramaš
üdə̑ramaš
üdə̑ramaš
woman
no
χor
χor
χor
choir
no

women's choir

χor – 5


χor dene muraš

χor
χor
χor
choir
no
dene
dene
dene
with
po
muraš
mur-aš
muro-aš
sing-INF
vb2-inf

to sing all together

χor – 6


χorə̑što muraš

χorə̑što
χor-ə̑što
χor-šte
choir-INE
no-case
muraš
mur-aš
muro-aš
sing-INF
vb2-inf

to sing in a choir

χor – 7


χorə̑m pogaš

χorə̑m
χor-ə̑m
χor-m
choir-ACC
no-case
pogaš
pog-aš
pogo-aš
gather-INF
vb2-inf

to organize a choir

χor – 8


χorə̑m βozaš

χorə̑m
χor-ə̑m
χor-m
choir-ACC
no-case
βozaš
βozaš
βozaš
a.cartload
ad
βozaš
βoz-aš
βoz-aš
lie.down-INF
vb1-inf
βozaš
βoz-aš
βozo-aš
write-INF
vb2-inf

to write a chorus

χor – 9


χorə̑m kolə̑štaš

χorə̑m
χor-ə̑m
χor-m
choir-ACC
no-case
kolə̑štaš
kolə̑št-aš
kolə̑št-aš
listen-INF
vb1-inf

to listen to a chorus

χor – 10


šüšpə̑k χor

šüšpə̑k
šüšpə̑k
šüšpə̑k
nightingale
no
χor
χor
χor
choir
no

a chorus of nightingales

χor – 11


χor kružok

χor
χor
χor
choir
no
kružok
kružok
kružok
club
no

singing circle, chorus

χor – 12


χor βujlatə̑še

χor
χor
χor
choir
no
βujlatə̑še
βujlatə̑še
βujlatə̑še
leading
ad/no
βujlatə̑še
βujlatə̑-še
βujlate-še
lead-PTCP.ACT
vb2-ad

choir director

χoreograf – 1


χoreografə̑n šə̑ndə̑me kuštə̑mašə̑že

χoreografə̑n
χoreograf-ə̑n
χoreograf-n
choreographer-GEN
no-case
šə̑ndə̑me
šə̑ndə̑me
šə̑ndə̑me
installation
ad
šə̑ndə̑me
šə̑ndə̑-me
šə̑nde-me
put-PTCP.PASS
vb2-ad
kuštə̑mašə̑že
kuštə̑maš-ə̑že
kuštə̑maš-že
growing-3SG
no-poss
kuštə̑mašə̑že
kuštə̑maš-ə̑že
kuštə̑maš-že
dancing-3SG
no-poss
kuštə̑mašə̑že
kuštə̑-maš-ə̑že
kušto-maš-že
grow-NMLZ-3SG
vb2-deriv.n-poss
kuštə̑mašə̑že
kuštə̑-maš-ə̑že
kušto-maš-že
dance-NMLZ-3SG
vb2-deriv.n-poss

choreographed dance

χoreografij – 1


marij χoreografij

marij
marij
marij
Mari
no
χoreografij
χoreografij
χoreografij
choreography
no

Mari choreography

χorr-χorr – 1


χorr-χorr ə̑štaš

χorr-χorr
χorr-χorr
χorr-χorr
X
de
ə̑štaš
ə̑št-aš
ə̑šte-aš
do-INF
vb2-inf

to make characteristic sounds (used for certain birds, e.g. woodcocks)

χostlaš (-jem) – 1


serβerə̑m χostlaš

serβerə̑m
serβer-ə̑m
serβer-m
server-ACC
no-case
χostlaš
χostl-aš
χostlo-aš
host-INF
vb2-inf
χostlaš
χost-la-š
χost-la-š
host-PL-ILL
no-num-case
χostlaš
χost-la-š
χost-la-eš
host-PL-LAT
no-num-case

to host a server

χram – 1


tošto χram

tošto
tošto
tošto
old
ad/no
tošto
toš-to
toš-šte
butt-INE
no-case
tošto
tošt-o
tošt-Je
dare-PST1.3SG
vb1-tense.pers
χram
χram
χram
church
no

ancient temple

χram – 2


χramə̑m č́oŋaš

χramə̑m
χram-ə̑m
χram-m
church-ACC
no-case
č́oŋaš
č́oŋ-aš
č́oŋo-aš
build-INF
vb2-inf

to build a church

χrestomatij – 1


marij literatur dene χrestomatij

marij
marij
marij
Mari
no
literatur
literatur
literatur
literature
no
dene
dene
dene
with
po
χrestomatij
χrestomatij
χrestomatij
chrestomathy
no

Mari literature chrestomathy, chrestomathy of Mari literature

χrizanteme – 1


χrizantemə̑m pöleklaš

χrizantemə̑m
χrizantemə̑-m
χrizanteme-m
chrysanthemum-ACC
no-case
pöleklaš
pölekl-aš
pölekle-aš
give.a.present-INF
vb2-inf
pöleklaš
pölek-la-š
pölek-la-š
present-PL-ILL
no-num-case
pöleklaš
pölek-la-š
pölek-la-eš
present-PL-LAT
no-num-case

to give chrysanthemums (as a gift)

χristian – 1


χristian-βlakə̑n βerašt

χristian-βlakə̑n
χristian-βlak-ə̑n
χristian-βlak-n
Christian-PL-GEN
no-num-case
βerašt
βera-št
βera-št
belief-3PL
no-poss

Christians' beliefs

χristian – 2


χristian ajdeme

χristian
χristian
χristian
Christian
no
ajdeme
ajdeme
ajdeme
human
no

Christian person

χristian – 3


χristian βera

χristian
χristian
χristian
Christian
no
βera
βera
βera
belief
no

Christian religion

χristian – 4


χristian č́erke

χristian
χristian
χristian
Christian
no
č́erke
č́erke
č́erke
church
no
č́erke
č́erke
č́erke
skates
no

Christian church

χristianstβe – 1


χristianstβə̑n šarlə̑mə̑že

χristianstβə̑n
χristianstβə̑-n
χristianstβe-n
Christianity-GEN
no-case
šarlə̑mə̑že
šarlə̑mə̑-že
šarlə̑me-že
reproductive-3SG
ad-poss
šarlə̑mə̑že
šarlə̑-mə̑-že
šarle-me-že
widen-PTCP.PASS-3SG
vb2-ad-poss

the spread of Christianity

χristianstβe – 2


χristianstβə̑m kuč́aš

χristianstβə̑m
χristianstβə̑-m
χristianstβe-m
Christianity-ACC
no-case
kuč́aš
kuč́a-š
kuč́a-š
residue-ILL
no-case
kuč́aš
kuč́a-š
kuč́a-eš
residue-LAT
no-case
kuč́aš
kuč́-aš
kuč́o-aš
hold-INF
vb2-inf

to adhere to Christianity

χrom – 1


χrom gə̑č́ urgaš

χrom
χrom
χrom
chromium
no
gə̑č́
gə̑č́
gə̑č́
from
po
urgaš
urg-aš
urgo-aš
sew-INF
vb2-inf

to make from box calf, to sew from box calf

χrom – 2


χrom perč́atke

χrom
χrom
χrom
chromium
no
perč́atke
perč́atke
perč́atke
glove
no

box calf gloves

χrom – 3


χrom kepke

χrom
χrom
χrom
chromium
no
kepke
kepke
kepke
peaked.cap
no

box calf cap

χromko – 1


χromkə̑m šoktaš

χromkə̑m
χromkə̑-m
χromko-m
khromka-ACC
no-case
šoktaš
šokt-aš
šokt-aš
sift-INF
vb1-inf
šoktaš
šokt-aš
šokto-aš
be.heard-INF
vb2-inf

to play the khromka

χromlaš (-jem) – 1


oŋam χromlaš

oŋam
oŋa-m
oŋa-m
board-ACC
no-case
oŋam
oŋa-m
oŋa-em
board-1SG
no-poss
oŋam
oŋa-m-Ø
oŋa-em-Ø
board-TRANS-IMP.2SG
no-deriv.v-mood.pers
oŋam
oŋa-m-Ø
oŋa-em-Ø
board-TRANS-CNG
no-deriv.v-conn
oŋam
oŋa-m-Ø
oŋa-em-Ø
board-TRANS-CVB
no-deriv.v-adv
χromlaš
χroml-aš
χromlo-aš
plane-INF
vb2-inf
χromlaš
χrom-la-š
χrom-la-š
chromium-PL-ILL
no-num-case
χromlaš
χrom-la-š
χrom-la-eš
chromium-PL-LAT
no-num-case

to plane boards

χromoβə̑j – 1


χromoβə̑j kem

χromoβə̑j
χromoβə̑j
χromoβə̑j
chromic
ad
kem
kem
kem
boot
no
kem
kem
kem
less
av

box calf boots

χronike – 1


ješ χronike

ješ
ješ
ješ
family
no
χronike
χronike
χronike
chronicle
no

family chronicles

χronič́eskij – 1


χronič́eskij č́er

χronič́eskij
χronič́eskij
χronič́eskij
chronic
ad
č́er
č́er
č́er
disease
no

chronic disease

χronologij – 1


marij istorijə̑n χronologijže

marij
marij
marij
Mari
no
istorijə̑n
istorij-ə̑n
istorij-n
history-GEN
no-case
χronologijže
χronologij-že
χronologij-že
chronology-3SG
no-poss

chronology of Mari history

χronologij – 2


sobə̑tij-βlakə̑n χronologijə̑št

sobə̑tij-βlakə̑n
sobə̑tij-βlak-ə̑n
sobə̑tij-βlak-n
event-PL-GEN
no-num-case
χronologijə̑št
χronologij-ə̑št
χronologij-št
chronology-3PL
no-poss

chronology of events

χrustal' – 1


χrustal'ə̑m nalaš

χrustal'ə̑m
χrustal'-ə̑m
χrustal'-m
cut.glass-ACC
no-case
nalaš
nal-aš
nal-aš
take-INF
vb1-inf

to buy cut glass

χrustal' – 2


χrustal' ate

χrustal'
χrustal'
χrustal'
cut.glass
no
ate
ate
ate
vessel
no

cut glass dishes

χrustal' – 3


χrustal' βaze

χrustal'
χrustal'
χrustal'
cut.glass
no
βaze
βaze
βaze
vase
no
βaze
βaze
βaze
bow
no

cut glass vase

χrustal'nə̑j – 1


χrustal'nə̑j βaze

χrustal'nə̑j
χrustal'nə̑j
χrustal'nə̑j
crystal
ad
βaze
βaze
βaze
vase
no
βaze
βaze
βaze
bow
no

crystal vase

χudožestβennə̑j – 1


χudožestβennə̑j ludmaš

χudožestβennə̑j
χudožestβennə̑j
χudožestβennə̑j
artistic
ad
ludmaš
ludmaš
ludmaš
reading
no
ludmaš
lud-maš
lud-maš
read-NMLZ
vb1-deriv.n

artistic reading, recitation

χudožestβennə̑j – 2


χudožestβennə̑j mastarlə̑k

χudožestβennə̑j
χudožestβennə̑j
χudožestβennə̑j
artistic
ad
mastarlə̑k
mastarlə̑k
mastarlə̑k
skill
no
mastarlə̑k
mastar-lə̑k
mastar-lə̑k
craftsman-for
ad/no-deriv.ad

artistic craftsmanship

χudožestβennə̑j – 3


χudožestβennə̑j obraz

χudožestβennə̑j
χudožestβennə̑j
χudožestβennə̑j
artistic
ad
obraz
obraz
obraz
shape
no

image, art image

χudožestβennə̑j – 4


χudožestβennə̑j proizβedenij

χudožestβennə̑j
χudožestβennə̑j
χudožestβennə̑j
artistic
ad
proizβedenij
proizβedenij
proizβedenij
work
no

artwork, work of art

χudožestβennə̑j – 5


χudožestβennə̑j studij

χudožestβennə̑j
χudožestβennə̑j
χudožestβennə̑j
artistic
ad
studij
studij
studij
studio
no

art studio

χudožestβennə̑j – 6


χudožestβennə̑j tβorč́estβe

χudožestβennə̑j
χudožestβennə̑j
χudožestβennə̑j
artistic
ad
tβorč́estβe
tβorč́estβe
tβorč́estβe
creative.work
no

artwork, work of art

χudožnik – 1


χudožnikə̑n süretše

χudožnikə̑n
χudožnik-ə̑n
χudožnik-n
artist-GEN
no-case
süretše
süret-še
süret-že
painting-3SG
no-poss

a painter's picture

χuligan – 1


χuliganə̑m sorlə̑klaš

χuliganə̑m
χuligan-ə̑m
χuligan-m
hooligan-ACC
no-case
sorlə̑klaš
sorlə̑kl-aš
sorlə̑klo-aš
bridle-INF
vb2-inf
sorlə̑klaš
sorlə̑k-la-š
sorlə̑k-la-š
bit-PL-ILL
no-num-case
sorlə̑klaš
sorlə̑k-la-š
sorlə̑k-la-eš
bit-PL-LAT
no-num-case
sorlə̑klaš
sor-lə̑k-la-š
sor-lə̑k-la-š
many-for-PL-ILL
ad/av-deriv.ad-num-case
sorlə̑klaš
sor-lə̑k-la-š
sor-lə̑k-la-eš
many-for-PL-LAT
ad/av-deriv.ad-num-case

to restrain a hooligan

χuligan – 2


χuligan paša

χuligan
χuligan
χuligan
hooligan
no
paša
paša
paša
work
no

act of hooliganism

χuliganitlaš (-jem) – 1


it χuliganitle: törtə̑k deč́ lüd

it
it
it
NEG.IMP.2SG
vb.mood.pers
χuliganitle:
χuliganitle-Ø
χuliganitle-Ø
behave.like.a.hooligan-IMP.2SG
vb2-mood.pers
χuliganitle:
χuliganitle-Ø
χuliganitle-Ø
behave.like.a.hooligan-CNG
vb2-conn
törtə̑k
törtə̑k
törtə̑k
law
no
deč́
deč́
deč́
from
po
lüd
lüd-Ø
lüd-Ø
be.afraid.of-IMP.2SG
vb1-mood.pers
lüd
lüd-Ø
lüd-Ø
be.afraid.of-CNG
vb1-conn
lüd
lüd-Ø
lüd-Ø
be.afraid.of-CVB
vb1-adv

don't behave like a hooligan: fear the law

χuliganitlaš (-jem) – 2


izi joč́a χuliganitlen koštaš tunemə̑n

izi
izi
izi
small
ad/no
joč́a
joč́a
joč́a
child
no
χuliganitlen
χuliganitl-en-Ø
χuliganitle-en-Ø
behave.like.a.hooligan-PST2-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
χuliganitlen
χuliganitl-en
χuliganitle-en
behave.like.a.hooligan-CVB
vb2-adv
koštaš
košt-aš
košt-aš
go-INF
vb1-inf
koštaš
košt-aš
košto-aš
dry-INF
vb2-inf
tunemə̑n
tunem-ə̑n-Ø
tunem-n-Ø
learn-PST2-3SG
vb1-tense-pers
tunemə̑n
tunem-ə̑n
tunem-n
learn-CVB
vb1-adv
tunemə̑n
tu-n-em-ə̑n
tu-n-em-n
that-GEN-1SG-GEN
pr-case-poss-case
tunemə̑n
tu-n-em-ə̑n
tu-n-em-n
gland-GEN-1SG-GEN
no-case-poss-case
tunemə̑n
tu-n-em-ə̑n
tu-n-em-n
banner-GEN-1SG-GEN
no-case-poss-case

the little child has learned to behave like a hooligan

χuliganstβe – 1


izi χuliganstβe

izi
izi
izi
small
ad/no
χuliganstβe
χuliganstβe
χuliganstβe
hooliganism
no

disorderly conduct

χuliganstβe – 2


izi χuliganstβə̑lan nakazatlaš

izi
izi
izi
small
ad/no
χuliganstβə̑lan
χuliganstβə̑-lan
χuliganstβe-lan
hooliganism-DAT
no-case
χuliganstβə̑lan
χuliganstβə̑-la-n
χuliganstβe-la-n
hooliganism-PL-GEN
no-num-case
nakazatlaš
nakazatl-aš
nakazatle-aš
punish-INF
vb2-inf

to punish for disorderly conduct

χutor – 1


χutorə̑što ilaš

χutorə̑što
χutor-ə̑što
χutor-šte
isolated.farmstead-INE
no-case
ilaš
il-aš
ile-aš
live-INF
vb2-inf

to live in an isolated farmstead

χutor – 2


χutorə̑š lektaš

χutorə̑š
χutor-ə̑š
χutor-š
isolated.farmstead-ILL
no-case
lektaš
lekt-aš
lekt-aš
go-INF
vb1-inf

to move to an isolated farmstead

χutor – 3


χutor mlande

χutor
χutor
χutor
isolated.farmstead
no
mlande
mlande
mlande
land
no
mlande
mlande
mlande
Earth
pn

an isolated farmstead's land

χə̑r-χə̑r – 1


pə̑rə̑s pə̑lə̑š βoktenem χə̑r-χə̑r mura

pə̑rə̑s
pə̑rə̑s
pə̑rə̑s
cat
in/no
pə̑lə̑š
pə̑lə̑š
pə̑lə̑š
ear
no
pə̑lə̑š
pə̑l-ə̑š
pə̑l-š
cloud-ILL
no-case
pə̑lə̑š
pə̑lə̑-š-Ø
pə̑le-š-Ø
sink-PST1-3SG
vb2-tense-pers
βoktenem
βokten-em
βokten-em
beside-1SG
av/po-poss
βoktenem
βokten-em
βoktene-em
beside-1SG
av/po-poss
χə̑r-χə̑r
χə̑r-χə̑r
χə̑r-χə̑r
X
de
mura
mur-a
muro-a
sing-3SG
vb2-pers

the cat is purring beside my ear

The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.
Last update: 10 August 2023