кая•ш (-ем)
{verb II} [Generate paradigm] 1. to go (using an arbitrary mode of transportation, i.e. to walk, to ride, to fly, to swim, to ski, etc.)
♢ н'имо• деч ом лӱд, ту•лыш-вӱ•дыш кае•м {sentence} I'm not afraid of anything, I will go through fire and water
♢ кай мӧҥге•т! {sentence} go home!
♢ ия• дек кай! {sentence} {pejorative} go to hell!
♦ арака• кукшылога•рышкыже ка•йыш {phrase} the vodka went down the wrong way
♦ ки•нде кукшылогарышке•м ка•йыш {phrase} I choked on bread
♦ мӱ•шкыржӧ торе•ш кае•н {phrase} (s)he ate too much
♦ мут ке•лгыш кая• {phrase} it goes too far
♦ паша• ке•лгыш кая• {phrase} it goes too far
♦ автомоби•ль де•не кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go by car
♦ англича•н се•мын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} {set phrase} to slip away, to take French leave
♦ вес тӱня•ш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} {set phrase} to die
♦ врач ӱжа•ш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go for the doctor, to go fetch a doctor
♦ вӱд йыма•ч кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to swim under water
♦ дела• де•не кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go on a business trip
♦ е•че де•не кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to ski
♦ заво•д гыч кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to leave the factory
♦ икта•ж-кӧн вокте•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go past somebody
♦ икта•ж-кӧн пеле•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go past somebody
♦ икта•ж-ку•шко кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go somewhere
♦ и•лыш де•не тӧр кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to keep up with one's times
♦ и•мн'е де•не кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to ride a horse
♦ йо•лын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go on foot
♦ йотэ•лышке кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go abroad
♦ йышт кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to slip away, to take French leave
♦ ко•йдымын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to slip away, to take French leave
♦ кола•ш кая•ш я•мде {adjective} {set phrase} ready to face death
♦ кая•ш ли•йдыме {adjective} impassable
♦ ко•рно де•не кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to follow the road
♦ кыша• де•не кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to trail, to follow someone's tracks
♦ лати•к тӱже•м метр кӱ•кшытыштӧ кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to fly eleven thousand meters over the ground
♦ мала•ш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go to bed
♦ Моско•шко кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go to Moscow
♦ мӧ•ҥгышкӧ кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go home
♦ му•жыр де•не кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go in pairs
♦ ола•шке кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go to town, to go to the city
♦ оля•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go slowly
♦ о•нчык кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} {set phrase} to prosper, to be successful
♦ о•тпускыш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go on a vacation
♦ палдарыде• кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to slip away, to take French leave
♦ парохо•д де•не кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to travel by boat, to go by boat
♦ паша• гыч кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go home from work; to be fired
♦ паша•ш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go to work
♦ пи•сын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go quickly
♦ по•езд де•не кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go by train
♦ поче•ш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to follow, to go after
♦ пула•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go and get wood
♦ пурла•шке кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go to the right
♦ самолё•т де•не кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go by plane
♦ трамва•й де•не кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go by tram
♦ университе•тышке тунема•ш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go to the university
♦ чодыра•ш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go into the forest
♦ шижде• кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to slip away, to take French leave
♦ шинча•ш перныде• кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to slip away, to take French leave
♦ э•ркын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go slowly
♦ яраи•мньын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go on horseback
2. to walk, to be able to walk
♢ изи• йоча• уже• кая• {sentence} the little child can already walk
3. to depart, to leave
♢ ача•м кае•н {sentence} my father left
♢ кай тыше•ч! {sentence} go away!
♢ по•езд касте•не кая• {sentence} the train will leave in the evening
♦ чеверласыде• кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to leave without saying good-bye
4. to disappear, to vanish
♢ а•лже кае•н {sentence} (s)he lost his/her strength
♢ лум кае•н {sentence} the snow disappeared
♢ у•шыжо кае•н {sentence} (s)he lost his/her mind
♢ ий кая• {sentence} the ice is breaking up
5. to move (machines, clouds, water, logs in water, etc.)
♢ велосипе•д ку•штылгын кая• {sentence} the bicycle rides smoothly, the bicycle is easy to ride
♢ соста•в кая• йӱд-ке•че {sentence} the train is underway night and day
♦ кокла• гыч вӱда•т ок кай {phrase} they're thick as thieves
♦ ву•йыш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} {set phrase} to go to the head (alcohol)
6. to travel, to be on the road
♢ ко•рным кок шага•тыште кае•н {sentence} (s)he covered the distance in two hours
♦ арня• на•ре кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to be on the road for a week
♦ кужу•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to be on the road for a long time
7. to happen, to be going, to go, to work
♦ паша• кузе• кая•? {phrase} how are things going?
♢ паша• икшы•рымын кая• {sentence} work is going smoothly
♦ паша• сай кая• {phrase} things are going well
♢ испыта•ний кая• {sentence} tests are being conducted, tests are taking place
♢ паша• кая• {sentence} the work is getting on well
♢ мероприя•тий уже• ик арня• кая• {sentence} the event has been going for a week already
♢ кучедалма•ш кая• {sentence} a battle is raging
8. to lie, to run, to go, to be located
♢ ко•рно чодыра• гоч кая• {sentence} the road goes through the forest
♢ умба•кыже ку•рык кая• {sentence} there is a mountain up ahead
9. to pass, to elapse, to go by (time)
♢ жап э•ркын кая• {sentence} time is going by slowly
♢ ке•че кас ве•лыш кае•н {sentence} evening approached, evening was approaching
10. {intransitive} to carry (sounds)
♢ йӱк зал му•чко кая• {sentence} the sound carried through the hall
11. to be playing (in cinema, in theater, etc.)
♢ теа•трыште мо кая•? {sentence} what's playing at the theater?
12. to enter, to join, to go to, to start
♦ а•рмийыш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go to the army, to join the army
♦ институ•тыш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go to the university
♦ туныктышыла•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to start working as a teacher
13. to develop in a certain direction, to take a certain direction
♢ шке шо•тшо де•не кая• {sentence} it's taking its course
14. to act (in a certain manner)
♦ ваштаре•ш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go against, to oppose
♦ еҥ ой поче•ш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to follow someone else's advice
♦ мо•до поче•ш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to follow fashion
15. to become, to go, to grow, to develop
♦ ва•жык кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} {set phrase} to go wrong, to go awry
♦ йо•гыш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} {set phrase} to grow lazy, to become lazy
♦ оса•лыш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} {set phrase} to be spoiled, to get spoiled
♦ ӧрт кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} {set phrase} to be very frightened
♦ уте•н кае•н {adverb} {set phrase} excessively
♦ уте•н кае•н шорта•ш (-ам) {verb I} to cry hysterically, to sob violently
♦ уте•н кае•н воштыла•ш (-ам) {verb I} to split one's sides with laughter, to laugh till one drops
♦ шыр-р кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} {set phrase} to be taken aback, to be dumbfounded
♦ э•рыкыш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} {set phrase} to become undisciplined, to get out of hand
16. to sell, to be sold
♢ шке а•кше де•не кая• {sentence} it's being sold for cost price
♦ пеш шу•лдын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to be sold very cheaply
♦ ше•ргын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to be sold expensively
17. to be spent
♢ у•то окса• кая• {sentence} extra money is being spent
♢ костюмла•н кум метр материа•л кая• {sentence} three meters of material will go into making this suit
18. to move, to make a move (when playing a game)
♦ да•мкыш кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to be crowned (in checkers); {set phrase} to rise from rags to riches
♦ козырно•й кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to play a trump
19. to marry
♦ качыла•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to marry, to become someone's wife
♦ марла•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to marry, to become someone's wife
♦ марла•н ка•йыдыме {adjective} unmarried (woman)
♦ марла•н ка•йыше {adjective} married (woman)
20. to burst, to break (e.g., a dam)
♢ пӱя• кае•н {sentence} the dam broke
21. to pass for, to be taken for, to do
♢ мӱгинде•т уке• гын, шем кинда•т кая• {sentence} if you don't have any gingerbread, rye bread will do as well
22. to reach (an age)
♢ ту•до ку•мло и•йыш кае•н {sentence} (s)he turned 29
♢ ту•до кум и•йыш кае•н {sentence} (s)e turned two
23. {transitive} to go through, to work through
♦ не•ле материа•лым кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go through difficult material
24. {in a converb construction} (expressing finality, carries an inchoative aspect and implies that action was unexpected)
♦ волга•лт кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to lighten up, to become light
♦ воле•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to sink down
♦ йошкарге•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to blush (strongly)
♦ йӧ•рлын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to fall down
♦ йӱле•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to burn down
♦ лӱ•дын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to take fright
♦ оше•м кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to turn pale
♦ ӧ•рын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to get thoroughly confused
♦ по•чылт кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to open all the way
♦ пуре•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to fall into something
♦ пычкемыша•лт кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to get dark
♦ то•лын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to visit
♦ якле•шт кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to slip and fall
25. {in a converb construction} (expressing a movement away from speaker)
♦ и•йын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to swim away
♦ кусне•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to move away, to emigrate, to resettle
♦ ку•ржын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to run away
♦ ле•ктын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go away, to leave
♦ ну•шкын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to creep away, to crawl away
♦ о•нчылтен кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to outrun, to surpass
♦ ужате•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to see off, to accompany
♦ чакне•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to draw back, to retreat
♦ чоҥеште•н кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} to fly away
~ COPULATIVE CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
/ кае•н эрта•ш (-ем) {verb II} to go (before others)
/ чыла•шт деч о•нчыч кочмыве•рыш кае•н эрта•ш (-ем) {verb II} to enter the dining room before everybody else
~ ASPECTUAL CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
// кае•н воза•ш (-ам) {verb I} {perfective} (see above); {set phrase} to fall, to keel over
♢ пич пӧле•мыште кае•н во•зым {sentence} I keeled over in the stuffy room
♢ Йошка•р-Ола•ш кае•н возына•т, толмашыжа•т у•ке {sentence} (s)he went to Yoshkar-Ola and isn't coming back
// кае•н колта•ш (-ем) {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
♢ ӱ•дыр содо•р кае•н колте•н {sentence} the girl stepped off quickly
// кае•н пыта•ш (-ем) {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
♢ ӱдырама•шын кок йочажа•т ола•ш тунема•ш кае•н пыте•ныт {sentence} both the woman's children went to town to study
// кае•н шога•ш (-ем) {verb II} {imperfective} (see above)
♢ окса•же эре• ала•-ку•шко кае•н шога• {sentence} (s)he spends his money very quickly
// кае•н шуа•ш (-ам) {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
// то•лмышт деч о•нчыч кае•н шуа•ш (-ам) {verb I} to go away before others come
// кае•н шукта•ш (-ем) {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
♢ У ий деч о•нчыч Моско•шко кае•н шукте•м {sentence} I'll make it to Moscow before the New Year