numala•m
{verb I} [Generate paradigm] 1. to carry, to lug, to drag
♦ βa•t͡ɕe de•ne numala•m {verb I} to carry on one's shoulders
♦ βes βe•rəʃ numala•m {verb I} to bring to another place
♦ jot͡ɕa•m numa•l konde•m {verb II} to lead a child by the hand
♦ ka•pəm numala•m {verb I} {set phrase} to grow up, to become adult
♦ kəlta•m numala•m {verb I} to carry sheaves
♦ my•ʃkərəm numala•m {verb I} {set phrase} to become pregnant
♦ pele•dəʃəm numala•m {verb I} to carry flowers
♦ pele•n numala•m {verb I} to carry along
♦ saj otme•tkəm βe•le numala•m {verb I} {set phrase} to bring only good marks
♦ tagəna• de•ne βy•dəm numala•m {verb I} {set phrase} to carry water in a sieve
♦ t͡ɕemoda•nəm numala•m {verb I} to lug a suitcase
♦ ʃke•məm pə•kʃe numala•m {verb I} {set phrase} to drag oneself along
♦ ʃokte• de•ne βy•dəm numala•m {verb I} {set phrase} to carry water in a sieve
♦ ʃy•məʃtø kym numala•m {verb I} {set phrase} to bear a grudge
♦ ja•ʃləkəm numala•m {verb I} to carry a box
2. to wear (clothing, glasses, beard)
♦ ʃint͡ɕa•ləkəm numala•m {verb I} to wear glasses
3. {figuratively} to feel, to experience, to bear (sadness, joy, anger, etc.)
♦ βə•goβorəm numala•m {verb I} to get a dressing-down
♦ kua•nəm numala•m {verb I} to feel joy
4. {figuratively} to bear, to endure, to stand
♦ ʃy•mʒø ok numa•l {phrase} his/her heart is not in it; (s)he can't take it, it's too much for him/her
♢ jø•səm numa•lənət {sentence} they endured difficulties
♦ i•ləʃəm numala•m {verb I} {set phrase} to support life
♦ jy•ʃtø-ʃo•kʃəm numala•m {verb I} to endure ups and downs, to endure hardships
♦ ne•lələkəm numala•m {verb I} to endure hardships
♦ o•jgəm numala•m {verb I} to endure grief
5. {figuratively} to carry out, to perform, to do (duties, tasks)
♦ əʃtəʃa•ʃləkəm numala•m {verb I} to perform duties
6. {figuratively} to carry, to bear (a name), to be called
♢ mari•j ka•lək tea•tr m. ʃketa•nən ly•mʒəm numale•ʃ {sentence} the Mari National Theater bears the name of M. Shketan
7. to bear, to hold, to be stable
♢ ij numale•ʃ {sentence} the ice will hold
8. {figuratively} to steal, to pinch, to pilfer, to filch
♢ ju•ʒəʃt paʃa• βer gət͡ɕ tyʃka• po•gəm mø•ŋgəʃkəʃt numa•lət {sentence} some people like to pinch common property at work and take it home
♦ klat gət͡ɕ numala•m {verb I} to steal from the storehouse
9. {figuratively} to live through, to live
♢ təna•r i•jəm numalme•k, tu•do ə•nde t͡ɕəla• pala• {sentence} having lived so many years, (s)he now knows everything
~ COPULATIVE CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
/ numa•l lukta•m {verb I} (away)
/ ko•ləʃəm numa•l lukta•m {verb I} to carry out a dead body
~ ASPECTUAL CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
// numa•l kode•m {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// βy•dəm mont͡ɕa•ʃ numa•l kode•m {verb II} to carry water into the sauna
// numa•l koʃta•m {verb I} {imperfective} (see above)
// jot͡ɕa•m ki•dəʃte numa•l koʃta•m {verb I} to carry a child in one's arms
// numa•l pətare•m {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// saj kniga•m numa•l pətare•m {verb II} to pilfer some good books
// numa•l ʃoge•m {verb II} {imperfective} (see above)
♢ kye•ʃtme melna•m numa•l ʃoga•t {sentence} baked pancakes are carried away
// numa•l ʃənde•m {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// mont͡ɕa•ʃ βy•dəm numa•l ʃənde•m {verb II} to carry water into the sauna
