βont͡ɕe•m
{verb II} [Generate paradigm] 1. to cross, to go over, to walk through, to cross through, to go through
♦ ko•rnəm βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to cross a road
♦ kup got͡ɕ βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to cross the swamp
♦ ku•rəkəm βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to cross the mountains
♦ umʃa• gət͡ɕ umʃa•ʃke βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} {set phrase} to spread from mouth to mouth, to be in everyone's mouth
♦ ure•m got͡ɕ βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to cross a street
♦ ure•məm βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to cross a street
♦ t͡ɕe•kəm βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to cross the border
2. to climb over, to step over, to cross over
♦ londe•m got͡ɕ βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to step over a threshold
♦ pərɲa• got͡ɕ βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to step over a log
♦ saβa•r got͡ɕ βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to climb over a fence
3. to move on, to proceed (to something else, e.g., a new topic)
♦ ik paʃa• gət͡ɕ βe•səʃke βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to move from one matter to another
4. to change, to switch (to a different course, etc.)
♦ βes paʃa•ʃ βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to change jobs
♦ ku•mʃo ku•rsəʃ βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to enter the third year (at university)
5. to pass over to, to be passed on to, to come into somebody else's possession
♢ po•go βe•sən ki•dəʃ βont͡ɕa• {sentence} the property is being passed over to somebody else
♦ at͡ɕa• det͡ɕ ergəla•n βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to be passed down from father to son
♦ βe•sən po•gəʃko βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to come into somebody else's possession
6. to be passed on, to be transmitted
♢ ti•de jyla• ik tu•kəm gət͡ɕ βe•səʃ βont͡ɕa• {sentence} this custom is passed on from generation to generation
♢ mə•jən to•ʃto βurgeme•m ʃyʒaremla•n βont͡ɕa• {sentence} my old clothes are handed down to my sister
7. to reach, to cross, to exceed (an age, a time, a measure)
♢ tu•do uʒe• ku•dlo i•jəm βont͡ɕe•n {sentence} (s)he's already over sixty
♦ pale•mdəme sro•kəm βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to miss a deadline
♢ rβe•ze jot͡ɕa• sa•dəʃ ko•ʃtmo ʒap got͡ɕ βont͡ɕe•n {sentence} the boy became too old to go to kindergarten
8. to go over to
♦ ik proje•ktəm koʃartəme•ke βe•səʃ βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to go over to a different project after the completion of the first
9. to become, to change into
♦ moto•r print͡se•sːəʃ βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to become a princess
10. to change, to go over to (manner of life)
♦ taza• i•ləʃəʃ βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to start living a healthy life
11. {in a converb construction} (used to mark directionality across or over something, coupled with intransitive verbs)
♦ i•jən βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to swim across, to swim over
♦ ku•rʒən βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to run across, to run over
♦ nu•ʃkən βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to crawl across, to crawl over
♦ tørʃte•n βont͡ɕe•m {verb II} to jump across, to jump over
~ ASPECTUAL CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
// βont͡ɕe•n kaje•m {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// la•kəm βont͡ɕe•n kaje•m {verb II} to cross over a hole, to jump over a hole
// βont͡ɕe•n koʃta•m {verb I} {imperfective} (see above)
// ure•məm βont͡ɕe•n koʃta•m {verb I} to cross the street
