koʃta•m
{verb I} [Generate paradigm] 1. to go (using an arbitrary mode of transportation, i.e. to walk, to ride, to fly, to swim, to ski, etc.)
♢ aβto•bus-βlak t͡ɕarnəde• ko•ʃtət {sentence} the buses go without interruption
♢ kuβaβa•j tyga•t ok lek, ko•ʃtgət͡ɕ ok koj {sentence} the old woman doesn't go out anymore, you never see her walking about
♦ je•t͡ɕe de•ne koʃta•m {verb I} to ski
♦ jo•lən koʃta•m {verb I} to go on foot, to walk
♦ komandiro•βkəʃ koʃta•m {verb I} to go on a business trip
♦ koʃta•ʃ li•jdəme {adjective} impassable
♦ ko•ʃtən ə•ʃtəme {adjective} {set phrase} illegitimate, born out of wedlock (child)
♦ maʃina• de•ne koʃta•m {verb I} to go by car
♦ o•nt͡ɕət͡ɕ koʃta•m {verb I} {set phrase} to arrange a match
♦ pi•sən koʃta•m {verb I} to go quickly
♦ poje•zd de•ne koʃta•m {verb I} to go by train
♦ samoʎo•t de•ne koʃta•m {verb I} to fly by plane
♦ ter de•ne koʃta•m {verb I} to go by sleigh
♦ tyɲa•ʃte koʃta•m {verb I} to travel the world
2. to go, (to e.g., an event), to visit, to attend
♦ kino•ʃ koʃta•m {verb I} to go to the movies
♦ tea•trəʃ koʃta•m {verb I} to go to theater
♦ ʃko•ləʃ koʃta•m {verb I} to go to school
3. to be (somewhere)
♦ e•rəkəʃte koʃta•m {verb I} to be free, to be at large
♦ sa•rəʃte koʃta•m {verb I} to be in a war
4. to work as, to be (used with a number of professions)
♦ kytyt͡ɕəla•n koʃta•m {verb I} to work as a shepherd
♦ pot͡ɕtaʎonla•n koʃta•m {verb I} to work as a mail carrier
♦ ta•rzəʃte koʃta•m {verb I} to be a hired hand
5. to go to, to turn to
♦ juri•st dek koʃta•m {verb I} to go to see a lawyer
♦ kaŋaʃla•n koʃta•m {verb I} to seek advice
6. to go for a walk, to wander
♦ buʎβa•r de•ne koʃta•m {verb I} to go for a walk on the boulevard
7. to move, to shift, to change position
♢ ki•dʃe ok koʃt {sentence} his/her hands aren't moving
8. to play (a card, a figure)
♦ tuz de•ne koʃta•m {verb I} to play an ace
♦ ferź de•ne koʃta•m {verb I} to play the queen, to move the queen (in chess)
♦ da•mke de•ne koʃta•m {verb I} to move the king (in checkers)
9. {intransitive} to spread (rumors, ideas)
♢ mane•ʃ-mane•ʃ koʃte•ʃ {sentence} rumors are spreading, rumor has it
10. to be going together, to see each other, to be in an intimate relationship
♢ jəβa•n ma•ʃa den koʃte•ʃ {sentence} Yyvan is seeing Masha
♦ jeŋ pela•ʃ de•ne koʃta•m {verb I} to be in an intimate relationship with another's wife
11. to be at hand, to be with someone (e.g., in one's pocket)
♢ ʃergaʃe•t parɲaʃte•mak koʃte•ʃ {sentence} your ring is on my finger
12. to flicker, to flash, to appear and disappear
♢ y•məl koʃte•ʃ {sentence} a shadow is flickering
13. to float, to float on the surface
♦ yj βydymba•lne koʃte•ʃ {phrase} oil floats on water
14. to creep, to crawl (e.g., insects, reptiles)
♢ tə•ʃte ki•ʃke ko•ʃtən {sentence} a snake was crawling here
15. to move, to go (e.g., a clock, a mechanism)
♢ ʃaga•t jo•ŋələʃ koʃte•ʃ {sentence} the clock is wrong, the clock is off
♢ ʃaga•t tør koʃte•ʃ {sentence} the clock is right
16. to graze, to browse
♢ uʃka•l o•ləkəʃto ʃala• koʃte•ʃ {sentence} the cow is out on the meadow grazing
17. to be passed on, to go, to move from hand to hand
♢ ku•bok ka•ʒne i•jən koʃte•ʃ {sentence} the cup is passed on every year
18. to be, to remain, not to disappear (thoughts, feelings, etc.)
♢ uʃəʃte•m ere• koʃta•t {sentence} you're always in my mind
19. to mate (wild animals)
♢ tə ʒa•pəʃte pi•re-βlak ko•ʃtət {sentence} wolves mate at this time
20. to hang out, to loaf about
♦ ure•m βokte•n koʃta•m {verb I} to hang out outside
21. {in a converb construction} (expressing durable and continuative processes and activities carried out in many locations, coupled with transitive and intransitive verbs)
♦ aptərane•n koʃta•m {verb I} to be shy, to be timid
♦ βo•ʃtəl koʃta•m {verb I} to laugh
♦ ont͡ɕe•n koʃta•m {verb I} to watch, to observe
♦ sole•n koʃta•m {verb I} to mow in many different places
♦ ʃədeʃke•n koʃta•m {verb I} to hold a grudge
~ COPULATIVE CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
/ ko•ʃtən saβərne•m {verb II} (around, up and down)
/ t͡ɕodəra•m ko•ʃtən saβərne•m {verb II} to walk about the forest, to walk around in the forest
/ ko•ʃtən saβərnəma•ʃ {noun} trip, ride
/ ko•ʃtən tola•m {verb I} (towards)
/ mosko•ʃ ko•ʃtən tola•m {verb I} to go to Moscow
~ ASPECTUAL CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
// ko•ʃtən kolte•m {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
♢ izi• jot͡ɕa• ure•məʃte ko•ʃtən kolta• {sentence} the little child is walking on the street
// ko•ʃtən pətare•m {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
♢ motot͡si•kl de•ne t͡ɕəla• βerea•t ko•ʃtən pətarəʃna• {sentence} we went everywhere with the motorcycle
// ko•ʃtən ertare•m {verb II} {imperfective} (see above)
♢ tu•do ɲiguʃka•t ok pu•ro, emləmβe•r βokte•nak ko•ʃtən ertara• {sentence} (s)he's not going anywhere, (s)he's just wandering about arond the hospital
