luktam
{verb I} [Generate paradigm] 1. to lead out, to lead outside, to take outside, to drive out, to remove
♦ βol'ə̑kə̑m βüta gə̑č́ luktam {verb I} to lead cattle out of the shed
♦ joč́a-βlakə̑m tügö luktam {verb I} to take children out
♦ pört gə̑č́ luktam {verb I} to lead out of the house, to take out of the house
♦ pörtjə̑mač́ luktam {verb I} to take out of the cellar
2. to take something out of
♦ küsen gə̑č́ šoβə̑č́ə̑m luktam {verb I} to take a kerchief out of one's pocket
♦ biblioteke gə̑č́ knigam luktam {verb I} to take a book out of a library
♦ βüd gə̑č́ luktam {verb I} to take out of the water
♦ iktaž-mom iktaž-kušeč́ luktam {verb I} to take something out of something
♦ kuč́ə̑ltmaš gə̑č́ luktam {verb I} to withdraw something from circulation
♦ rok jə̑mač́ luktam {verb I} to take out from under the ground
3. to discharge, to release, to let go
♦ bol'nice gə̑č́ luktam {verb I} to discharge from hospital
♦ βol'ə̑kə̑m luktam {verb I} to let a cow loose
♦ petə̑rə̑maš gə̑č́ luktam {verb I} to release from custody
♦ erə̑kə̑š luktam {verb I} to release into freedom
4. to emit, to exude, to give off, to radiate
♦ ik mutə̑mat luktaš ogə̑l {verb I – negative} {set phrase} to keep silent, not to say a word
♦ jük lukde {adverb} {set phrase} silently, noiselessly
♦ jükə̑m luktam {verb I} to emit a sound; {set phrase} to make oneself heard
♦ mut lukde {adverb} {set phrase} silently, without saying anything
♦ parə̑m luktam {verb I} to steam
♦ tulə̑m luktam {verb I} to emit flames
♦ üpšə̑m luktam {verb I} to give off a smell
♦ šokšə̑m luktam {verb I} to radiate heat
5. to bring, to take, to transport
♢ βüd pə̑rńam serə̑š luktə̑n {sentence} the water brought the log to the shore
♦ brigadə̑m pašaš luktam {verb I} to bring a team to work
♦ βojskam aβə̑raltmaš gə̑č́ luktam {verb I} to withdraw the troops from an encirclement
♦ jeŋlan luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to wash one's dirty linen in public
♦ ojə̑m luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to make a proposition
♦ pazarə̑ške iktaž-mom luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to put on the market, to launch
♦ pajdam luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to profit
♦ posna luktam {verb I} {transitive} {set phrase} to set up on one's one (e.g., one's son, with portion of property)
♦ pašam sud onč́ə̑ko luktam {verb I} to take a matter to court
♦ pum luktam {verb I} to transport wood
♦ rə̑nkə̑ške iktaž-mom luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to put on the market, to launch
♦ sputnikə̑m orbitə̑š luktam {verb I} to bring a satellite into orbit
♦ terə̑sə̑m luktam {verb I} to transport manure
♦ terə̑sə̑m pasuško luktam {verb I} to transport manure to a field
♦ tüžβak luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to display, to show, to let see
♦ č́araš luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to expose, to disclose
♦ jandar βüdə̑škö luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to expose, to disclose, to bring to light
6. to offer, to give (food and drink, to guests)
♦ č́esə̑m luktam {verb I} to offer food and drink to guests
7. to thrust something out, to stick something out
♦ βujə̑m luktam {verb I} to thrust out one's head
♦ jə̑lmə̑m luktam {verb I} to stick out one's tongue
8. to take out, to remove
♢ sraβoč́ə̑m jomdarenam, oknam luktə̑n puraš βerešteš {sentence} I lost my keys, I need to take out the window to get in
♦ körgə̑m luktam {verb I} to gut, to disembowel
♦ oknam luktam {verb I} to remove a window
♦ omsam luktam {verb I} to remove a door
♦ oraβam luktam {verb I} to take off a wheel
♦ poršeńə̑m luktam {verb I} to remove a piston
9. to extract, to mine, to quarry, to produce
♦ mlandə̑šüjə̑m luktam {verb I} to mine coal
♦ neft'ə̑m luktam {verb I} to extract oil
♦ spirtə̑m luktam {verb I} to produce alcohol
♦ šörtńə̑m luktam {verb I} to mine gold
10. to dig up, to harvest
♦ reβə̑m luktam {verb I} to harvest turnips
♦ kešə̑rə̑m luktam {verb I} to harvest carrots
♦ minə̑m luktam {verb I} to dig up a land mine
♦ pareŋgə̑m luktam {verb I} to dig up potatoes
11. to pull out (e.g., of a ditch)
♦ mašinam luktam {verb I} to pull out a car
12. to exclude, to expel
♦ βer gə̑č́ luktam {verb I} to remove from a job
♦ spiske gə̑č́ luktam {verb I} to strike off a list
♦ institut gə̑č́ luktam {verb I} to expel from college
♦ obš́š́estβe gə̑č́ luktam {verb I} to expel from a society
♦ paša gə̑č́ luktam {verb I} to sack, to fire
13. to manufacture, to produce, to turn out, to issue
♦ oksam luktam {verb I} to issue money
♦ saj kač́estβan satum ə̑šten luktam {verb I} to produce high quality goods
♦ satum luktam {verb I} to turn out goods
♦ u satum luktam {verb I} to produce new goods
14. to publish
♦ gazetə̑m luktam {verb I} to publish a newspaper
♦ knigam luktam {verb I} to publish a book
♦ peč́atlen luktam {verb I} to publish
15. {mathematics} to subtract
♦ βizə̑t gə̑č́ kokə̑tə̑m luktam {verb I} to subtract two from five
♦ lu gə̑č́ nə̑lə̑tə̑m luktam {verb I} to subtract four from ten
16. to issue, to pass (e.g., a law, a resolution)
♦ zakonə̑m luktam {verb I} to issue a law
♦ prigoβorə̑m luktam {verb I} to pass sentence, to sentence
♦ punč́alə̑m luktam {verb I} to pass a resolution
17. to cause, to create, to invoke, to provoke
♦ nelə̑lə̑kə̑m luktam {verb I} to create difficulties, to cause difficulties
♦ ojgə̑m luktam {verb I} to provoke grief
♦ örmašə̑m luktam {verb I} to cause amazement, to surprise
♦ örtə̑m luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to give a big scare, to terrify
♦ pašam luktam {verb I} to create work
♦ umə̑len šuktə̑də̑mašə̑m luktam {verb I} to cause a misunderstanding
♦ umə̑lə̑də̑mašə̑m luktam {verb I} to cause a misunderstanding
♦ uto somə̑lə̑m luktam {verb I} to create unnecessary trouble
♦ üč́ašə̑mašə̑m luktam {verb I} to create a dispute
♦ üšanə̑m luktam {verb I} to evoke trust, to inspire confidence
♦ šinč́aβüdə̑m luktam {verb I} to cause tears
♦ šə̑də̑m luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to anger, to vex
18. to recite, to tell, to start telling
♢ jomakə̑m lukto {sentence} (s)he told a fairy tale
♦ mutə̑m luktam {verb I} to start a conversation
19. to recite, to sing, to start singing
♦ murə̑m luktam {verb I} to start singing a song
♦ semə̑m luktam {verb I} to sing a tune
20. to bring, to submit, to put
♦ užalaš luktam {verb I} to put on sale, to put up for sale
♦ kaŋašaš luktam {verb I} to bring up for discussion
21. to make, to bring into, to turn into, to make into
♦ ajdemə̑š luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to set somebody up in the world, to help somebody get on their feet
♦ okmakə̑š luktam {verb I} to make a fool of, to dupe
♦ onč́ə̑ko luktam {verb I} to bring forward
♦ č́ə̑nə̑š luktam {verb I} to justify, to disclose
22. to exhibit, to display, to show, to express
♢ tüŋšö kojə̑šə̑m lukteš {sentence} to exhibit traits of stubbornness
♦ örmö tüsə̑m luktam {verb I} to express surprise
23. {botany} to put out, to produce (buds, leaves)
♦ lə̑štašə̑m luktam {verb I} to put out leaves
♦ nerə̑m luktam {verb I} to put out buds
24. to depict, to portray
♢ aβtor izažə̑n pelašə̑žə̑m torža jeŋ semə̑n luktə̑n {sentence} the author depicted his sister-in-law as a coarse person
25. to create, to invent, to think up
♦ lümə̑m luktam {verb I} to think up a nickname
26. to derive
♦ praβilə̑m luktam {verb I} to derive rules
♦ formulə̑m luktam {verb I} {mathematics} to derive a formula
27. to hatch
♦ č́ə̑βigə̑m luktam {verb I} to hatch chicks
28. to breed, to raise (sorts of plants, animal breeds)
♢ u urlə̑k uržam luktə̑nə̑t {sentence} a new sort of rye was bred
♢ šöran urlə̑k uškalə̑m lukmo {sentence} a breed of dairy cattle was raised
♢ biolog-βlak u urlə̑k č́ə̑βə̑m luktə̑nə̑t {sentence} biologists bred a new sort of chicken
29. to eradicate, to eliminate, to crush, to destroy
♢ osal kojə̑šə̑m luktaš küleš {sentence} his/her bad habits must be crushed
♦ iktaž-kön kugešnə̑mə̑žə̑m luktam {verb I} to crush somebody's pride
♦ kornə̑m luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to mow a path
♦ lümə̑m luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to disgrace oneself
30. to get out of, to help out of, to save from
♦ azap gə̑č́ luktam {verb I} to get out of trouble
♦ eŋgek gə̑č́ luktam {verb I} to save from misery
31. to lead out of somewhere (e.g., a road)
♢ korno ola gə̑č́ lukteš {sentence} the road leads out of town
32. {in a converb construction} (denoting activies carried out with a definite result, coupled with transitive verbs)
♦ pukšen luktam {verb I} to feed
♦ šonen luktam {verb I} to invent
♦ ə̑šten luktam {verb I} to make
33. {in a converb construction} (denoting movement out of something)
♦ kuč́en luktam {verb I} to lead out
♦ mešakə̑m šüdə̑ren luktam {verb I} to pull out a bag
♦ numal luktam {verb I} to carry away
♦ pokten luktam {verb I} to drive away
♦ purten luktam {verb I} to take somewhere (and bring back)
♦ puen luktam {verb I} to blow away
♦ šüdə̑ren luktam {verb I} to pull out, to drag out
♦ tunə̑kten luktam {verb I} to train, to graduate
34. {also figurative} (as gerund preceding main verb - denoting movement out of something)
♦ luktə̑n βozem {verb II} to throw out
♦ luktə̑n kalasem {verb II} to state, to tell, to express
♦ luktə̑n ojlem {verb II} to state, to tell, to express, to speak one's mind
♦ luktə̑n onč́ə̑ktem {verb II} to produce, to show
♦ luktə̑n optem {verb II} to lay out, to put out
♦ luktə̑n puem {verb II} to hand over, to deliver
♦ luktə̑n sakem {verb II} to hang something out
♦ luktə̑n pə̑štem {verb II} to lay out, put out
♦ luktə̑n šogaltem {verb II} to set out, to put out
♦ luktə̑n šuem {verb II} to throw out
♦ luktə̑n šə̑ndem {verb II} to set out, to put out
♦ luktə̑n šə̑ndə̑lam {verb I} to set out, to put out
~ COPULATIVE CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
/ luktə̑n naŋgajem {verb II} (away)
/ knigam polko gə̑č́ luktə̑n naŋgajem {verb II} to take a book from a shelf
/ luktə̑n šuem {verb II} (out)
/ püjə̑m luktə̑n šuem {verb II} to pull a tooth
~ ASPECTUAL CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
// luktə̑n koltem {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// iktaž-köm omsa βes mogə̑rə̑š luktə̑n koltem {verb II} to throw somebody out, to turn somebody out
// luktə̑n kudaltem {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// luktə̑n kudaltaš ogə̑l {verb II – negative} {set phrase} not to abandon, to help
// paša gə̑č́ luktə̑n kudaltem {verb II} to fire, to sack
// luktə̑n kə̑škem {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// torə̑m luktə̑n kə̑škem {verb II} to take out rubbish
// luktə̑n nalam {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
// okna ramə̑m luktə̑n nalam {verb I} to remove a window frame
// luktə̑n šogem {verb II} {imperfective} (see above)
// ik ijə̑šte ikmə̑ńar knigam luktə̑n šogem {verb II} to publish a few books in one year
