koʃtam
{verb I} [Generate paradigm] 1. to go (using an arbitrary mode of transportation, i.e. to walk, to ride, to fly, to swim, to ski, etc.)
♢ aβtobus-βlak t͡ɕarnəde koʃtət {sentence} the buses go without interruption
♢ kuβaβaj tygat ok lek, koʃtgət͡ɕ ok koj {sentence} the old woman doesn't go out anymore, you never see her walking about
♦ jet͡ɕe dene koʃtam {verb I} to ski
♦ jolən koʃtam {verb I} to go on foot, to walk
♦ komandiroβkəʃ koʃtam {verb I} to go on a business trip
♦ koʃtaʃ lijdəme {adjective} impassable
♦ koʃtən əʃtəme {adjective} {set phrase} illegitimate, born out of wedlock (child)
♦ maʃina dene koʃtam {verb I} to go by car
♦ ont͡ɕət͡ɕ koʃtam {verb I} {set phrase} to arrange a match
♦ pisən koʃtam {verb I} to go quickly
♦ pojezd dene koʃtam {verb I} to go by train
♦ samoʎot dene koʃtam {verb I} to fly by plane
♦ ter dene koʃtam {verb I} to go by sleigh
♦ tyɲaʃte koʃtam {verb I} to travel the world
2. to go, (to e.g., an event), to visit, to attend
♦ kinoʃ koʃtam {verb I} to go to the movies
♦ teatrəʃ koʃtam {verb I} to go to theater
♦ ʃkoləʃ koʃtam {verb I} to go to school
3. to be (somewhere)
♦ erəkəʃte koʃtam {verb I} to be free, to be at large
♦ sarəʃte koʃtam {verb I} to be in a war
4. to work as, to be (used with a number of professions)
♦ kytyt͡ɕəlan koʃtam {verb I} to work as a shepherd
♦ pot͡ɕtaʎonlan koʃtam {verb I} to work as a mail carrier
♦ tarzəʃte koʃtam {verb I} to be a hired hand
5. to go to, to turn to
♦ jurist dek koʃtam {verb I} to go to see a lawyer
♦ kaŋaʃlan koʃtam {verb I} to seek advice
6. to go for a walk, to wander
♦ buʎβar dene koʃtam {verb I} to go for a walk on the boulevard
7. to move, to shift, to change position
♢ kidʃe ok koʃt {sentence} his/her hands aren't moving
8. to play (a card, a figure)
♦ tuz dene koʃtam {verb I} to play an ace
♦ ferź dene koʃtam {verb I} to play the queen, to move the queen (in chess)
♦ damke dene koʃtam {verb I} to move the king (in checkers)
9. {intransitive} to spread (rumors, ideas)
♢ maneʃ-maneʃ koʃteʃ {sentence} rumors are spreading, rumor has it
10. to be going together, to see each other, to be in an intimate relationship
♢ jəβan maʃa den koʃteʃ {sentence} Yyvan is seeing Masha
♦ jeŋ pelaʃ dene koʃtam {verb I} to be in an intimate relationship with another's wife
11. to be at hand, to be with someone (e.g., in one's pocket)
♢ ʃergaʃet parɲaʃtemak koʃteʃ {sentence} your ring is on my finger
12. to flicker, to flash, to appear and disappear
♢ yməl koʃteʃ {sentence} a shadow is flickering
13. to float, to float on the surface
♦ yj βydymbalne koʃteʃ {phrase} oil floats on water
14. to creep, to crawl (e.g., insects, reptiles)
♢ təʃte kiʃke koʃtən {sentence} a snake was crawling here
15. to move, to go (e.g., a clock, a mechanism)
♢ ʃagat joŋələʃ koʃteʃ {sentence} the clock is wrong, the clock is off
♢ ʃagat tør koʃteʃ {sentence} the clock is right
16. to graze, to browse
♢ uʃkal oləkəʃto ʃala koʃteʃ {sentence} the cow is out on the meadow grazing
17. to be passed on, to go, to move from hand to hand
♢ kubok kaʒne ijən koʃteʃ {sentence} the cup is passed on every year
18. to be, to remain, not to disappear (thoughts, feelings, etc.)
♢ uʃəʃtem ere koʃtat {sentence} you're always in my mind
19. to mate (wild animals)
♢ tə ʒapəʃte pire-βlak koʃtət {sentence} wolves mate at this time
20. to hang out, to loaf about
♦ urem βokten koʃtam {verb I} to hang out outside
21. {in a converb construction} (expressing durable and continuative processes and activities carried out in many locations, coupled with transitive and intransitive verbs)
♦ aptəranen koʃtam {verb I} to be shy, to be timid
♦ βoʃtəl koʃtam {verb I} to laugh
♦ ont͡ɕen koʃtam {verb I} to watch, to observe
♦ solen koʃtam {verb I} to mow in many different places
♦ ʃədeʃken koʃtam {verb I} to hold a grudge
~ COPULATIVE CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
/ koʃtən saβərnem {verb II} (around, up and down)
/ t͡ɕodəram koʃtən saβərnem {verb II} to walk about the forest, to walk around in the forest
/ koʃtən saβərnəmaʃ {noun} trip, ride
/ koʃtən tolam {verb I} (towards)
/ moskoʃ koʃtən tolam {verb I} to go to Moscow
~ ASPECTUAL CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
// koʃtən koltem {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
♢ izi jot͡ɕa ureməʃte koʃtən kolta {sentence} the little child is walking on the street
// koʃtən pətarem {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
♢ motot͡sikl dene t͡ɕəla βereat koʃtən pətarəʃna {sentence} we went everywhere with the motorcycle
// koʃtən ertarem {verb II} {imperfective} (see above)
♢ tudo ɲiguʃkat ok puro, emləmβer βoktenak koʃtən ertara {sentence} (s)he's not going anywhere, (s)he's just wandering about arond the hospital
