lijam
{verb I} [Generate paradigm] 1. to be (used esp. in reference to past and future)
♢ tudo olaʃte lijən {sentence} (s)he was in town
♢ təgak lijaʃ kyleʃ {sentence} that's the way it must be
♢ lijən kerteʃ, tudo t͡ɕən {sentence} it could be that (s)he is right
♢ lijən kerteʃ, tuge {sentence} it's possible, yes
♢ luʃto βizət kok gana lijeʃ {sentence} ten divided by five is two
♢ me kumətən lijənːa {sentence} there were three of us
♢ tide kø lijən kerteʃ {sentence} who can that be
♢ tide lijən kertʃaʃ {sentence} that's quite probable, the probability is high
♢ tide lijən ok kert {sentence} this is out of the question
♢ tuʃto lijəna! {sentence} we will be there!
♢ təgaje lijən ok kert! {sentence} that cannot be!, that isn't possible!
♢ tudo məlanem kokaj lijeʃ {sentence} she is my aunt
♦ βijan lijʒe! {phrase} long live (...)
♦ poro lijza {phrase} could you please, would you be so kind
♦ taza lij! {phrase} cheers, to your health; goodbye!, all the best!; bless you!, gesundheit!
♦ tau lijʒe! {phrase} thank you!
♦ βoktene lijam {verb I} to be close to something
♦ ik ʃagatəʃte jamde lijam {verb I} to be done in an hour
♦ iktaʒ-mo det͡ɕ posna lijam {verb I} to go without something
♦ kornəʃto lijam {verb I} to be on someone's way
♦ kugu oksan lijam {verb I} to have a lot of money, to be rolling in money
♦ lijeʃ gən {adverb} if possible
♦ lijʒe manən {adverb} {set phrase} properly, as it should be done
♦ lijʒe manən əʃtem {verb II} {set phrase} to do something properly, to do something as it should be done, to give one's best
♦ lijən kertdəme {adjective} impossible
♦ lijən kertdəme sobətij {noun} impossible event
♦ lijən kertmaʃ {noun} possibility
♦ lijən kertʃaʃ {adjective} probable
♦ lijən kertʃaʃlək {noun} probability
♦ lijən kertʃaʃən {adverb} possibly
♦ lijən kertʃe {adjective} possible, likely, probable
♦ lijən kertʃəlan ʃotlem {verb II} to consider something possible, to consider something probable
♦ lijən kertʃəlan ʃotlaʃ ogəl {verb II – negative} not to consider something probable, to consider something improbable
♦ lijaʃ ogəl {verb I – negative} to be absent
♦ otpuskəʃto lijam {verb I} to be on vacation
♦ paʃaʃte lijam {verb I} to be at work
♦ frontəʃto lijam {verb I} to be at the front
♦ saj βerəʃte lijam {verb I} to be in the proper place
♦ tyɲambal znat͡ɕeijan lijam {verb I} to be of global importance, to carry global importance
♦ təʃte ʃuen lijam {verb I} to put in an appearance rarely
♦ ʃkoləʃto lijaʃ ogəl {verb I – negative} to be absent from school
♦ ʃuko oksan lijam {verb I} to have a lot of money, to be rolling in money
2. to become, to turn into
♢ rβeze-βlak saj joltaʃ lijənət {sentence} the boys became good friends
♢ ʃokʃo lije {sentence} it became warm
♢ təj mo lijənat? {sentence} what's up with you?, what is the matter with you?
♦ kosmonaβt lijam {verb I} to become a cosmonaut
♦ kugu lijam {verb I} to become an adult, to grow up
♦ nele lijam {verb I} to become difficult
♦ taŋ lijam {verb I} to become friends
♦ tunəktəʃo lijam {verb I} to become a teacher
♦ ʃykʃø lijam {verb I} to wear out
3. to happen, to occur
♢ lijən kerteʃ {sentence} it can happen
♢ ɲimat lijən ogəl {sentence} nothing happened
♢ juʒgunam lijeʃ {sentence} it occurs from time to time
♢ ənde mo lijeʃ? {sentence} what will happen now?
♢ t͡ɕəla βut͡ɕəmem semən lijən {sentence} everything happened as I expected it
♢ t͡ɕəla βut͡ɕəmem pot͡ɕeʃ lijən {sentence} everything happened as I expected it
♢ tide teŋget͡ɕe lijən {sentence} this happened yesterday
♢ tendan koklaʃte ɲimo lijən ogəl {sentence} nothing happened between you
♢ məj denemat təgaj lijən {sentence} that happened to me too
♢ mo lijən? {sentence} what happened?
♢ memnan dene mo lijeʃ? {sentence} what will happen with us?
♢ kuʃtəlgən lijən kerteʃ {sentence} it's quite possible
♢ koklan lijeʃ {sentence} it happens from time to time
♢ ʒapən-ʒapən lijeʃ {sentence} to happen from time to time
♦ lijeʃ, mo lijeʃ {phrase} whatever will be, will be
♦ lijʒe mo lijeʃ {phrase} come what may
♦ pujto ɲimo lijən ogəl {adjective} as if nothing had happened
4. to be possible, to be allowed, to be permitted
♢ ok lij {sentence} one cannot, one may not
♢ məlam neləm numalaʃ ogeʃ lij {sentence} I cannot carry heavy things
♢ lijeʃ gən? {sentence} is it possible?, may one?
♢ lijeʃ gənat, om kaj {sentence} although I could go, I won't
♢ puraʃ lijeʃ {sentence} one can come in
♢ jodaʃ lijeʃ mo? {sentence} can I ask a question?
♢ kalasaʃ lijeʃ mo? {sentence} may I make a remark?
♢ ɲimom əʃtaʃ ok lij {sentence} there's nothing one can do
♢ palemdaʃ lijeʃ mo? {sentence} may I make a remark?
♢ təʃte ʃupʃaʃ lijeʃ mo? {sentence} can one smoke here?
♦ kuze lijaʃ {phrase} what is to be done?
♦ lijeʃ gən {adverb} if possible
5. to take place, to be held
♢ tat͡ɕe pogənəmaʃ lijeʃ {sentence} a meeting will be held today
♢ pogənəmaʃ lije {sentence} a meeting took place
6. to turn out, to come out to be
♢ paʎto aŋəsər lijən {sentence} the coat turned out to be too tight
♦ t͡ɕən lijam {verb I} to turn out to be true
7. to find oneself somewhere, to come to be somewhere, to end up somewhere
♢ məjʒe kuze gala moskβaʃte lijəm? {sentence} how did I end up in Moscow?
8. to remain, to stay somewhere
♢ t͡ɕəla pasueʃak lijən {sentence} everything stayed right on the field
9. to turn out well, to work out well, to succeed
♢ t͡ɕəla sajən lije {sentence} everything worked out
10. to form, to emerge, to arise, to come about
♢ təge memnan institut lije {sentence} this is how our institute came about
11. to disappear somewhere, to vanish somewhere
♢ ʃint͡ɕaləkem ala-kuʃko lije {sentence} my glasses vanished somewhere
12. to start, to begin (a time, status, activity)
♢ jyd lije {sentence} night fell
13. to be found
♢ məlanemat paʃa lije {sentence} work was found for me too
14. to be born (cows, sheep)
♢ ʃorək lijən {sentence} a sheep was born
♢ uʃkal lijən {sentence} a cow was born
15. to ripen, to mature
♢ ʃurno lijən {sentence} the grain matured
16. to be ready, to be done (e.g., an oven, a sauna)
♢ koŋga lijən {sentence} the oven is ready, the oven is heated
♢ mont͡ɕa lijən {sentence} the sauna is ready
17. to tinker with something, to mess with something, to work around with something, to play around with something
♢ pərəset den it lij, paʃam əʃte {sentence} don't play around with your cat, work
18. to decide to do something, to promise to do something
♢ mijaʃ lijən {sentence} (s)he promised to go, (s)he decided to go
♢ tudo tolaʃ lije {sentence} (s)he promised to come
19. (in combination with active and negative participle) to pretend, to feign
♢ kajəʃe lijam {sentence} I'll pretend that I'm going
♦ ruʃla moʃtədəmo lijam {verb I} to pretend not to know Russian
20. {in a converb construction} (denotes the start of an activity, coupled with transitive and intransitive verbs)
♦ ʃarnen lijam {verb I} to memorize
♦ ʃint͡ɕen lijam {verb I} to remember, to bear in mind
~ ASPECTUAL CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
// lijən βozam {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ joltaʃem palədəme gaj lijən βozo {sentence} my friend changed completely
// lijən kajem {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
♢ mo lijən kajəʃ? {sentence} what happened?
// lijən kodam {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ tidːet͡ɕ posna en saj ʃonəmaʃat ʃonəmaʃak βele lijən kodeʃ {sentence} without this, the best intentions will just remain intentions
// lijən kudaltem {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// ørtkəʃø gaj lijən kudaltem {verb II} to have a sudden fright
// lijən koltem {verb II} {perfective} (see above); (used in combination with descriptive words)
// akmuk lijən koltem {verb II} to get confused, to stop short
// tərən-tyrən lijən koltem {verb II} to sway, to totter, to stagger
// t͡ɕurk lijən koltem {verb II} to wince, to flinch, to start
// lijən lektam {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ βit͡ɕ ij tunemːeke tunəktəʃo lijən lektat {sentence} after studying for five years you will become a teacher
// lijən ont͡ɕem {verb II} {momentary} (see above)
♢ tunəktəʃo lijən ont͡ɕenam {sentence} I was a teacher for a while
// lijən pətem {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
♢ jørʃən laβəran lijən pətenam {sentence} I was covered in mud
// lijən ʃint͡ɕam {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ te təʃte bʲurokrat lijən ʃint͡ɕən uləda! {sentence} you have become bureaucrats here!
// lijən ʃogalam {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ tudo tuʃto keneta lijən ʃogalən {sentence} (s)he suddenly appeared there
// lijən ʃogem {verb II} {imperfective} (see above)
♢ jaləʃte mo gəna lijən ok ʃogo {sentence} all kinds of things happen in the village
// lijən ʃuam {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ kərtmen əʃtəmeke gəna lektəʃan paʃa lijən ʃueʃ {sentence} only after exerting yourself will your work show good results
// lijən ʃuktem {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// paləme jeŋ lijən ʃuktem {verb II} to become a celebrity
