kudala•m
{verb I} [Generate paradigm] 1. to run (on four or more legs)
♢ i•mɲe kudale•ʃ {sentence} the horse is running
♢ rə•βəʒ kudale•ʃ {sentence} the fox is running
♦ tørge•n kudala•m {verb I} to gallop
♦ jorte•n kudala•m {verb I} to trot
2. to run off, to run away, to escape, to flee
♢ pij ala•-kuʃ kuda•lən {sentence} the dog ran off somewhere
♢ ʃi•nt͡ɕərləme y•ʃkəʒ, ala•-kuze• utle•n, βyta• gət͡ɕ kuda•lən {sentence} the bull somehow managed to free himself from his chain and escaped the pen
♦ kyty• gət͡ɕ kudala•m {verb I} to run off from a herd
♦ le•ktən kudala•m {verb I} to flee, to run away
3. to crawl
♢ jot͡ɕa• u•ʒe kudaləna•t kerte•ʃ {sentence} the child can already crawl on all fours
♦ nəljola• kudala•m {verb I} to crawl on all fours
4. to ride (on horseback, etc.)
♦ slon de•ne kudala•m {verb I} to ride an elephant
♦ jarai•mɲən kudala•m {verb I} to ride on horseback
5. {intransitive} to drive (cars, trains, etc.)
♢ po•jezd kudale•ʃ {sentence} the train is going down the tracks
♢ ko•rno de•ne maʃina• kudale•ʃ {sentence} the car is driving down the road
6. to drive, to ride (a car, a bicycle, etc.)
♦ βelosipe•d de•ne kudala•m {verb I} to ride a bicycle
♦ maʃina• de•ne kudala•m {verb I} to drive a car
♦ orβa• de•ne kudala•m {verb I} to drive a cart
7. to depart, to leave (a bus, etc.)
♢ me βara•ʃ kodənːa• - aβto•bus kuda•lən {sentence} we were late, the bus had left
~ COPULATIVE CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
/ kuda•l βole•m {verb II} (down)
/ izde•r de•ne ku•rək gət͡ɕ kuda•l βole•m {verb II} to ride a sled down the hill
/ kuda•l kyze•m {verb II} (up)
/ trotua•rəʃ kuda•l kyze•m {verb II} to run up to the pavement
/ kuda•l lekta•m {verb I} (away, out)
♢ mera•ŋ t͡ɕaʃke•r gət͡ɕ kuda•l le•kte {sentence} the hare ran out of the thicket
♢ aβtomaʃina• kapka• gət͡ɕ kuda•l le•kte {sentence} the car drove out the gate
/ kuda•l mije•m {verb II} (up to)
♢ pij oza•ʒ de•ke kuda•l mi•jəʃ {sentence} the dog ran up to its master
♢ memna•n klub de•ke oʃ maʃina• kuda•l mi•jəʃ {sentence} a white car drove up to our club
/ kuda•l pure•m {verb II} (into, in)
♢ ʃo•rək βyta•ʃkəʒe kuda•l pu•rəʃ {sentence} the sheep ran into its shed
/ kuda•l saβərne•m {verb II} (around)
/ ure•m mu•t͡ɕko kuda•l saβərne•m {verb II} to ride up and down a street
/ kuda•l tola•m {verb I} (towards)
/ mosko• gət͡ɕ kuda•l tola•m {verb I} to come from Moscow
/ kuda•l erte•m {verb II} (through, by)
♢ eŋe•r got͡ɕ o•lək βokte•t͡ɕ kuda•l ertəʃna• {sentence} we drove across the river, past the meadow
~ ASPECTUAL CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
// kuda•l kolte•m {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
♢ i•mɲe pi•sən kuda•l kolta• {sentence} the horse ran off quickly
// kuda•l pəte•m {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
♢ ydərama•ʃən t͡ɕəla• jot͡ɕa•ʒe ola•ʃke kuda•l pəte•n {sentence} all the woman's children went off to the city
