лия•ш (-ям)
{verb I} [Generate paradigm] 1. to be (used esp. in reference to past and future)
♢ ту•до ола•ште ли•йын {sentence} (s)he was in town
♢ тыга•к лия•ш кӱле•ш {sentence} that's the way it must be
♢ ли•йын керте•ш, ту•до чын {sentence} it could be that (s)he is right
♢ ли•йын керте•ш, туге• {sentence} it's possible, yes
♢ лу•што ви•зыт кок гана• лие•ш {sentence} ten divided by five is two
♢ ме ку•мытын лийынна• {sentence} there were three of us
♢ ти•де кӧ ли•йын керте•ш {sentence} who can that be
♢ ти•де ли•йын кертша•ш {sentence} that's quite probable, the probability is high
♢ ти•де ли•йын ок керт {sentence} this is out of the question
♢ ту•што лийына•! {sentence} we will be there!
♢ тыга•е ли•йын ок керт! {sentence} that cannot be!, that isn't possible!
♢ ту•до мылане•м кока•й лие•ш {sentence} she is my aunt
♦ вия•н ли•йже! {phrase} long live (...)
♦ по•ро ли•йза {phrase} could you please, would you be so kind
♦ таза• лий! {phrase} cheers, to your health; goodbye!, all the best!; bless you!, gesundheit!
♦ тау• ли•йже! {phrase} thank you!
♦ вокте•не лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to be close to something
♦ ик шага•тыште я•мде лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to be done in an hour
♦ икта•ж-мо деч посна• лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to go without something
♦ ко•рнышто лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to be on someone's way
♦ кугу• окса•н лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to have a lot of money, to be rolling in money
♦ лие•ш гын {adverb} if possible
♦ ли•йже ма•нын {adverb} {set phrase} properly, as it should be done
♦ ли•йже ма•нын ышта•ш (-ем) {verb II} {set phrase} to do something properly, to do something as it should be done, to give one's best
♦ ли•йын ке•ртдыме {adjective} impossible
♦ ли•йын ке•ртдыме собы•тий {noun} impossible event
♦ ли•йын кертма•ш {noun} possibility
♦ ли•йын кертша•ш {adjective} probable
♦ ли•йын кертша•шлык {noun} probability
♦ ли•йын кертша•шын {adverb} possibly
♦ ли•йын ке•ртше {adjective} possible, likely, probable
♦ ли•йын кертшыла•н шотла•ш (-ем) {verb II} to consider something possible, to consider something probable
♦ ли•йын кертшыла•н шотла•ш о•гыл {verb II – negative} not to consider something probable, to consider something improbable
♦ лия•ш о•гыл {verb I – negative} to be absent
♦ о•тпускышто лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to be on vacation
♦ паша•ште лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to be at work
♦ фро•нтышто лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to be at the front
♦ сай ве•рыште лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to be in the proper place
♦ тӱнямба•л значеия•н лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to be of global importance, to carry global importance
♦ ты•ште шуэ•н лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to put in an appearance rarely
♦ шко•лышто лия•ш о•гыл {verb I – negative} to be absent from school
♦ шу•ко окса•н лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to have a lot of money, to be rolling in money
2. to become, to turn into
♢ рве•зе-влак сай йолта•ш ли•йыныт {sentence} the boys became good friends
♢ шо•кшо ли•е {sentence} it became warm
♢ тый мо лийына•т? {sentence} what's up with you?, what is the matter with you?
♦ космона•вт лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to become a cosmonaut
♦ кугу• лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to become an adult, to grow up
♦ не•ле лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to become difficult
♦ таҥ лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to become friends
♦ ту•ныктышо лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to become a teacher
♦ шӱ•кшӧ лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to wear out
3. to happen, to occur
♢ ли•йын керте•ш {sentence} it can happen
♢ н'има•т ли•йын о•гыл {sentence} nothing happened
♢ южгуна•м лие•ш {sentence} it occurs from time to time
♢ ы•нде мо лие•ш? {sentence} what will happen now?
♢ чыла• вучыме•м се•мын ли•йын {sentence} everything happened as I expected it
♢ чыла• вучыме•м поче•ш ли•йын {sentence} everything happened as I expected it
♢ ти•де теҥге•че ли•йын {sentence} this happened yesterday
♢ тенда•н кокла•ште н'имо• ли•йын о•гыл {sentence} nothing happened between you
♢ мый денема•т тыга•й ли•йын {sentence} that happened to me too
♢ мо ли•йын? {sentence} what happened?
♢ мемна•н де•не мо лие•ш? {sentence} what will happen with us?
♢ ку•штылгын ли•йын керте•ш {sentence} it's quite possible
♢ кокла•н лие•ш {sentence} it happens from time to time
♢ жа•пын-жа•пын лие•ш {sentence} to happen from time to time
♦ лие•ш, мо лие•ш {phrase} whatever will be, will be
♦ ли•йже мо лие•ш {phrase} come what may
♦ пу•йто н'имо• ли•йын о•гыл {adjective} as if nothing had happened
4. to be possible, to be allowed, to be permitted
♢ ок лий {sentence} one cannot, one may not
♢ мыла•м не•лым нумала•ш оге•ш лий {sentence} I cannot carry heavy things
♢ лие•ш гын? {sentence} is it possible?, may one?
♢ лие•ш гына•т, ом кай {sentence} although I could go, I won't
♢ пура•ш лие•ш {sentence} one can come in
♢ йода•ш лие•ш мо? {sentence} can I ask a question?
♢ каласа•ш лие•ш мо? {sentence} may I make a remark?
♢ н'имо•м ышта•ш ок лий {sentence} there's nothing one can do
♢ палемда•ш лие•ш мо? {sentence} may I make a remark?
♢ ты•ште шупша•ш лие•ш мо? {sentence} can one smoke here?
♦ кузе• лия•ш {phrase} what is to be done?
♦ лие•ш гын {adverb} if possible
5. to take place, to be held
♢ та•че погыныма•ш лие•ш {sentence} a meeting will be held today
♢ погыныма•ш ли•е {sentence} a meeting took place
6. to turn out, to come out to be
♢ пальто• а•ҥысыр ли•йын {sentence} the coat turned out to be too tight
♦ чын лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to turn out to be true
7. to find oneself somewhere, to come to be somewhere, to end up somewhere
♢ мы•йже кузе• гала• Москва•ште ли•йым? {sentence} how did I end up in Moscow?
8. to remain, to stay somewhere
♢ чыла• пасуэ•шак ли•йын {sentence} everything stayed right on the field
9. to turn out well, to work out well, to succeed
♢ чыла• са•йын ли•е {sentence} everything worked out
10. to form, to emerge, to arise, to come about
♢ тыге• мемна•н институ•т ли•е {sentence} this is how our institute came about
11. to disappear somewhere, to vanish somewhere
♢ шинчалыке•м ала•-ку•шко ли•е {sentence} my glasses vanished somewhere
12. to start, to begin (a time, status, activity)
♢ йӱд ли•е {sentence} night fell
13. to be found
♢ мыланема•т паша• ли•е {sentence} work was found for me too
14. to be born (cows, sheep)
♢ шо•рык ли•йын {sentence} a sheep was born
♢ ушка•л ли•йын {sentence} a cow was born
15. to ripen, to mature
♢ шу•рно ли•йын {sentence} the grain matured
16. to be ready, to be done (e.g., an oven, a sauna)
♢ коҥга• ли•йын {sentence} the oven is ready, the oven is heated
♢ монча• ли•йын {sentence} the sauna is ready
17. to tinker with something, to mess with something, to work around with something, to play around with something
♢ пырысе•т ден ит лий, паша•м ы•ште {sentence} don't play around with your cat, work
18. to decide to do something, to promise to do something
♢ мия•ш ли•йын {sentence} (s)he promised to go, (s)he decided to go
♢ ту•до тола•ш ли•е {sentence} (s)he promised to come
19. (in combination with active and negative participle) to pretend, to feign
♢ ка•йыше лия•м {sentence} I'll pretend that I'm going
♦ рушла• мо•штыдымо лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to pretend not to know Russian
20. {in a converb construction} (denotes the start of an activity, coupled with transitive and intransitive verbs)
♦ шарне•н лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to memorize
♦ шинче•н лия•ш (-ям) {verb I} to remember, to bear in mind
~ ASPECTUAL CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
// ли•йын воза•ш (-ам) {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ йолташе•м па•лыдыме гай ли•йын во•зо {sentence} my friend changed completely
// ли•йын кая•ш (-ем) {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
♢ мо ли•йын ка•йыш? {sentence} what happened?
// ли•йын кода•ш (-ам) {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ тидде•ч посна• эн сай шонымаша•т шоныма•шак ве•ле ли•йын коде•ш {sentence} without this, the best intentions will just remain intentions
// ли•йын кудалта•ш (-ем) {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// ӧ•рткышӧ гай ли•йын кудалта•ш (-ем) {verb II} to have a sudden fright
// ли•йын колта•ш (-ем) {verb II} {perfective} (see above); (used in combination with descriptive words)
// акму•к ли•йын колта•ш (-ем) {verb II} to get confused, to stop short
// ты•рын-тӱ•рын ли•йын колта•ш (-ем) {verb II} to sway, to totter, to stagger
// чурк ли•йын колта•ш (-ем) {verb II} to wince, to flinch, to start
// ли•йын лекта•ш (-ам) {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ вич ий тунемме•ке ту•ныктышо ли•йын лекта•т {sentence} after studying for five years you will become a teacher
// ли•йын онча•ш (-ем) {verb II} {momentary} (see above)
♢ ту•ныктышо ли•йын ончена•м {sentence} I was a teacher for a while
// ли•йын пыта•ш (-ем) {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
♢ йӧ•ршын лавыра•н ли•йын пытена•м {sentence} I was covered in mud
// ли•йын шинча•ш (-ам) {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ те ты•ште бюрокра•т ли•йын ши•нчын улыда•! {sentence} you have become bureaucrats here!
// ли•йын шогала•ш (-ам) {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ ту•до ту•што кенета• ли•йын шога•лын {sentence} (s)he suddenly appeared there
// ли•йын шога•ш (-ем) {verb II} {imperfective} (see above)
♢ я•лыште мо гына• ли•йын ок шо•го {sentence} all kinds of things happen in the village
// ли•йын шуа•ш (-ам) {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ кыртме•н ыштыме•ке гына• лектыша•н паша• ли•йын шуэ•ш {sentence} only after exerting yourself will your work show good results
// ли•йын шукта•ш (-ем) {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// па•лыме еҥ ли•йын шукта•ш (-ем) {verb II} to become a celebrity
