luktam
{verb I} [Generate paradigm] 1. to lead out, to lead outside, to take outside, to drive out, to remove
♦ βoʎəkəm βyta gət͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to lead cattle out of the shed
♦ jot͡ɕa-βlakəm tygø luktam {verb I} to take children out
♦ pørt gət͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to lead out of the house, to take out of the house
♦ pørtjəmat͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to take out of the cellar
2. to take something out of
♦ kysen gət͡ɕ ʃoβət͡ɕəm luktam {verb I} to take a kerchief out of one's pocket
♦ biblioteke gət͡ɕ knigam luktam {verb I} to take a book out of a library
♦ βyd gət͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to take out of the water
♦ iktaʒ-mom iktaʒ-kuʃet͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to take something out of something
♦ kut͡ɕəltmaʃ gət͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to withdraw something from circulation
♦ rok jəmat͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to take out from under the ground
3. to discharge, to release, to let go
♦ boʎnit͡se gət͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to discharge from hospital
♦ βoʎəkəm luktam {verb I} to let a cow loose
♦ petərəmaʃ gət͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to release from custody
♦ erəkəʃ luktam {verb I} to release into freedom
4. to emit, to exude, to give off, to radiate
♦ ik mutəmat luktaʃ ogəl {verb I – negative} {set phrase} to keep silent, not to say a word
♦ jyk lukde {adverb} {set phrase} silently, noiselessly
♦ jykəm luktam {verb I} to emit a sound; {set phrase} to make oneself heard
♦ mut lukde {adverb} {set phrase} silently, without saying anything
♦ parəm luktam {verb I} to steam
♦ tuləm luktam {verb I} to emit flames
♦ ypʃəm luktam {verb I} to give off a smell
♦ ʃokʃəm luktam {verb I} to radiate heat
5. to bring, to take, to transport
♢ βyd pərɲam serəʃ luktən {sentence} the water brought the log to the shore
♦ brigadəm paʃaʃ luktam {verb I} to bring a team to work
♦ βojskam aβəraltmaʃ gət͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to withdraw the troops from an encirclement
♦ jeŋlan luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to wash one's dirty linen in public
♦ ojəm luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to make a proposition
♦ pazarəʃke iktaʒ-mom luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to put on the market, to launch
♦ pajdam luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to profit
♦ posna luktam {verb I} {transitive} {set phrase} to set up on one's one (e.g., one's son, with portion of property)
♦ paʃam sud ont͡ɕəko luktam {verb I} to take a matter to court
♦ pum luktam {verb I} to transport wood
♦ rənkəʃke iktaʒ-mom luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to put on the market, to launch
♦ sputnikəm orbitəʃ luktam {verb I} to bring a satellite into orbit
♦ terəsəm luktam {verb I} to transport manure
♦ terəsəm pasuʃko luktam {verb I} to transport manure to a field
♦ tyʒβak luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to display, to show, to let see
♦ t͡ɕaraʃ luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to expose, to disclose
♦ jandar βydəʃkø luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to expose, to disclose, to bring to light
6. to offer, to give (food and drink, to guests)
♦ t͡ɕesəm luktam {verb I} to offer food and drink to guests
7. to thrust something out, to stick something out
♦ βujəm luktam {verb I} to thrust out one's head
♦ jəlməm luktam {verb I} to stick out one's tongue
8. to take out, to remove
♢ sraβot͡ɕəm jomdarenam, oknam luktən puraʃ βereʃteʃ {sentence} I lost my keys, I need to take out the window to get in
♦ kørgəm luktam {verb I} to gut, to disembowel
♦ oknam luktam {verb I} to remove a window
♦ omsam luktam {verb I} to remove a door
♦ oraβam luktam {verb I} to take off a wheel
♦ porʃeɲəm luktam {verb I} to remove a piston
9. to extract, to mine, to quarry, to produce
♦ mlandəʃyjəm luktam {verb I} to mine coal
♦ neftʲəm luktam {verb I} to extract oil
♦ spirtəm luktam {verb I} to produce alcohol
♦ ʃørtɲəm luktam {verb I} to mine gold
10. to dig up, to harvest
♦ reβəm luktam {verb I} to harvest turnips
♦ keʃərəm luktam {verb I} to harvest carrots
♦ minəm luktam {verb I} to dig up a land mine
♦ pareŋgəm luktam {verb I} to dig up potatoes
11. to pull out (e.g., of a ditch)
♦ maʃinam luktam {verb I} to pull out a car
12. to exclude, to expel
♦ βer gət͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to remove from a job
♦ spiske gət͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to strike off a list
♦ institut gət͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to expel from college
♦ obɕːestβe gət͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to expel from a society
♦ paʃa gət͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to sack, to fire
13. to manufacture, to produce, to turn out, to issue
♦ oksam luktam {verb I} to issue money
♦ saj kat͡ɕestβan satum əʃten luktam {verb I} to produce high quality goods
♦ satum luktam {verb I} to turn out goods
♦ u satum luktam {verb I} to produce new goods
14. to publish
♦ gazetəm luktam {verb I} to publish a newspaper
♦ knigam luktam {verb I} to publish a book
♦ pet͡ɕatlen luktam {verb I} to publish
15. {mathematics} to subtract
♦ βizət gət͡ɕ kokətəm luktam {verb I} to subtract two from five
♦ lu gət͡ɕ nələtəm luktam {verb I} to subtract four from ten
16. to issue, to pass (e.g., a law, a resolution)
♦ zakonəm luktam {verb I} to issue a law
♦ prigoβorəm luktam {verb I} to pass sentence, to sentence
♦ punt͡ɕaləm luktam {verb I} to pass a resolution
17. to cause, to create, to invoke, to provoke
♦ nelələkəm luktam {verb I} to create difficulties, to cause difficulties
♦ ojgəm luktam {verb I} to provoke grief
♦ ørmaʃəm luktam {verb I} to cause amazement, to surprise
♦ ørtəm luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to give a big scare, to terrify
♦ paʃam luktam {verb I} to create work
♦ uməlen ʃuktədəmaʃəm luktam {verb I} to cause a misunderstanding
♦ umələdəmaʃəm luktam {verb I} to cause a misunderstanding
♦ uto somələm luktam {verb I} to create unnecessary trouble
♦ yt͡ɕaʃəmaʃəm luktam {verb I} to create a dispute
♦ yʃanəm luktam {verb I} to evoke trust, to inspire confidence
♦ ʃint͡ɕaβydəm luktam {verb I} to cause tears
♦ ʃədəm luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to anger, to vex
18. to recite, to tell, to start telling
♢ jomakəm lukto {sentence} (s)he told a fairy tale
♦ mutəm luktam {verb I} to start a conversation
19. to recite, to sing, to start singing
♦ murəm luktam {verb I} to start singing a song
♦ seməm luktam {verb I} to sing a tune
20. to bring, to submit, to put
♦ uʒalaʃ luktam {verb I} to put on sale, to put up for sale
♦ kaŋaʃaʃ luktam {verb I} to bring up for discussion
21. to make, to bring into, to turn into, to make into
♦ ajdeməʃ luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to set somebody up in the world, to help somebody get on their feet
♦ okmakəʃ luktam {verb I} to make a fool of, to dupe
♦ ont͡ɕəko luktam {verb I} to bring forward
♦ t͡ɕənəʃ luktam {verb I} to justify, to disclose
22. to exhibit, to display, to show, to express
♢ tyŋʃø kojəʃəm lukteʃ {sentence} to exhibit traits of stubbornness
♦ ørmø tysəm luktam {verb I} to express surprise
23. {botany} to put out, to produce (buds, leaves)
♦ ləʃtaʃəm luktam {verb I} to put out leaves
♦ nerəm luktam {verb I} to put out buds
24. to depict, to portray
♢ aβtor izaʒən pelaʃəʒəm torʒa jeŋ semən luktən {sentence} the author depicted his sister-in-law as a coarse person
25. to create, to invent, to think up
♦ lyməm luktam {verb I} to think up a nickname
26. to derive
♦ praβiləm luktam {verb I} to derive rules
♦ formuləm luktam {verb I} {mathematics} to derive a formula
27. to hatch
♦ t͡ɕəβigəm luktam {verb I} to hatch chicks
28. to breed, to raise (sorts of plants, animal breeds)
♢ u urlək urʒam luktənət {sentence} a new sort of rye was bred
♢ ʃøran urlək uʃkaləm lukmo {sentence} a breed of dairy cattle was raised
♢ biolog-βlak u urlək t͡ɕəβəm luktənət {sentence} biologists bred a new sort of chicken
29. to eradicate, to eliminate, to crush, to destroy
♢ osal kojəʃəm luktaʃ kyleʃ {sentence} his/her bad habits must be crushed
♦ iktaʒ-køn kugeʃnəməʒəm luktam {verb I} to crush somebody's pride
♦ kornəm luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to mow a path
♦ lyməm luktam {verb I} {set phrase} to disgrace oneself
30. to get out of, to help out of, to save from
♦ azap gət͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to get out of trouble
♦ eŋgek gət͡ɕ luktam {verb I} to save from misery
31. to lead out of somewhere (e.g., a road)
♢ korno ola gət͡ɕ lukteʃ {sentence} the road leads out of town
32. {in a converb construction} (denoting activies carried out with a definite result, coupled with transitive verbs)
♦ pukʃen luktam {verb I} to feed
♦ ʃonen luktam {verb I} to invent
♦ əʃten luktam {verb I} to make
33. {in a converb construction} (denoting movement out of something)
♦ kut͡ɕen luktam {verb I} to lead out
♦ meʃakəm ʃydəren luktam {verb I} to pull out a bag
♦ numal luktam {verb I} to carry away
♦ pokten luktam {verb I} to drive away
♦ purten luktam {verb I} to take somewhere (and bring back)
♦ puen luktam {verb I} to blow away
♦ ʃydəren luktam {verb I} to pull out, to drag out
♦ tunəkten luktam {verb I} to train, to graduate
34. {also figurative} (as gerund preceding main verb - denoting movement out of something)
♦ luktən βozem {verb II} to throw out
♦ luktən kalasem {verb II} to state, to tell, to express
♦ luktən ojlem {verb II} to state, to tell, to express, to speak one's mind
♦ luktən ont͡ɕəktem {verb II} to produce, to show
♦ luktən optem {verb II} to lay out, to put out
♦ luktən puem {verb II} to hand over, to deliver
♦ luktən sakem {verb II} to hang something out
♦ luktən pəʃtem {verb II} to lay out, put out
♦ luktən ʃogaltem {verb II} to set out, to put out
♦ luktən ʃuem {verb II} to throw out
♦ luktən ʃəndem {verb II} to set out, to put out
♦ luktən ʃəndəlam {verb I} to set out, to put out
~ COPULATIVE CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
/ luktən naŋgajem {verb II} (away)
/ knigam polko gət͡ɕ luktən naŋgajem {verb II} to take a book from a shelf
/ luktən ʃuem {verb II} (out)
/ pyjəm luktən ʃuem {verb II} to pull a tooth
~ ASPECTUAL CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
// luktən koltem {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// iktaʒ-køm omsa βes mogərəʃ luktən koltem {verb II} to throw somebody out, to turn somebody out
// luktən kudaltem {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// luktən kudaltaʃ ogəl {verb II – negative} {set phrase} not to abandon, to help
// paʃa gət͡ɕ luktən kudaltem {verb II} to fire, to sack
// luktən kəʃkem {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// torəm luktən kəʃkem {verb II} to take out rubbish
// luktən nalam {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
// okna raməm luktən nalam {verb I} to remove a window frame
// luktən ʃogem {verb II} {imperfective} (see above)
// ik ijəʃte ikməɲar knigam luktən ʃogem {verb II} to publish a few books in one year
