Mari-English Dictionary
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Mari-English Dictionary

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Stress, Palatalness: ● Extra Characters (•, ') ○ Bold/Italics ○ Do Not Annotate
Orthography: ○ Cyrillic ● UPA ○ IPA
Ordering: ● Alphabetical ○ Reverse
punda•š
{noun} [Generate paradigm]
1.     bottom
βə̑ńe•m punda•š     {noun}     bottom of a pit
klenč́a• punda•š     {noun}     bottom of a bottle
küja•n punda•š     {noun}     stony bottom
meša•k punda•š     {noun}     bottom of a bag
punda•š de•ne kü•škö     {adverb}     upside down
punda•š ma•rte jüa•m     {verb I}     to drink to the bottom
punda•šə̑š pə̑šte•m     {verb II}     to put on the bottom
te•ŋə̑z punda•š     {noun}     bottom of the sea
ter punda•š     {noun}     bottom of a sled
tranše•j punda•š     {noun}     bottom of a trench
č́on punda•šte     {adverb}     {set phrase} the bottom of one's heart, deep inside
šüm punda•šte     {adverb}     {set phrase} the bottom of one's heart, deep inside
2.     sole
ikta•ž-kön jə̑da•lže punda•šte košta•m     {verb I}     {set phrase} to be obedient to someone, to be under someone's thumb
ikta•ž-kön jə̑da•lže punda•šte lija•m     {verb I}     {set phrase} to be obedient to someone, to be under someone's thumb
jə̑da•l punda•š     {noun}     bast shoe sole
kem punda•š     {noun}     boot sole
3.     remainder, small part of something that is left over
kaβa•n punda•š     {noun}     remainder of a haystack
sorta• punda•š     {noun}     candle end
4.     {figuratively} firmament, the vault of heaven
ju•mə̑n punda•šte     {adverb}     in the vault of heaven
5.     {figuratively} lower strata (of society)
tüške•rə̑n punda•šə̑že     {noun}     lower strata of society
~ USAGE AS A MODIFIER ~
punda•š pə̑rńa•     {noun}     lower beam

◌◌{noun}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌◌◌◌◌1◌.◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌bottom◌<◌/span>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌βə̑ńempundaš◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{noun}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌bottomofapit◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌klenč́apundaš◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{noun}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌bottomofabottle◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌küjanpundaš◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{noun}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌stonybottom◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌mešakpundaš◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{noun}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌bottomofabag◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌pundašdeneküškö◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{adverb}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌upsidedown◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌pundašmartejüam<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{verbI}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌todrinktothebottom◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌pundašə̑špə̑štem<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{verbII}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌toputonthebottom◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌teŋə̑zpundaš◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{noun}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌bottomofthesea◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌terpundaš◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{noun}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌bottomofasled◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌tranšejpundaš◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{noun}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌bottomofatrench◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌č́onpundašte◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{adverb}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌◌◌{figuratively}◌◌<◌/span>◌thebottomofone'sheart,◌deepinside◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌šümpundašte◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{adverb}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌◌◌{figuratively}◌◌<◌/span>◌thebottomofone'sheart,◌deepinside◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌◌◌2◌.◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌sole◌<◌/span>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌iktaž-könjə̑dalžepundaštekoštam<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{verbI}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌◌◌{figuratively}◌◌<◌/span>◌tobeobedienttosomeone,◌tobeundersomeone'sthumb◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌iktaž-könjə̑dalžepundaštelijam<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{verbI}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌◌◌{figuratively}◌◌<◌/span>◌tobeobedienttosomeone,◌tobeundersomeone'sthumb◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌jə̑dalpundaš◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{noun}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌bastshoesole◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌kempundaš◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{noun}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌bootsole◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌◌◌3◌.◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌remainder,◌smallpartofsomethingthatisleftover◌<◌/span>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌kaβanpundaš◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{noun}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌remainderofahaystack◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌sortapundaš◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{noun}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌candleend◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌◌◌4◌.◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌◌◌{figuratively}◌◌<◌/span>◌firmament,◌thevaultofheaven◌<◌/span>◌◌◌◌&◌#◌9◌8◌3◌0◌;◌◌◌jumə̑npundašte◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌{adverb}◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌inthevaultofheaven◌<◌/span>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌<◌/div>◌◌◌◌◌◌5◌.◌◌<◌/span>◌◌ ◌ ◌ ◌◌◌◌◌◌{figuratively}◌◌<◌/span>◌lowerstrata◌/#chm">[Search forvo.com for pronunciation]





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Last update: 10 August 2023