tola•m
{verb I} [Generate paradigm] 1. to come, to arrive
♢ una•-βlak to•lə̑t {sentence} the guests are coming
♢ tak šinč́e•n oksa• ok tol {sentence} money won't come if you sit around doing nothing
♢ šə̑•rč́ə̑k-βlak to•lə̑nə̑t {sentence} the starlings have arrived
♢ tolə̑nna•! {sentence} we have arrived!, we're here!
♢ tok ok tol {sentence} the current isn't flowing, there's no current
♢ te•le tole•š {sentence} winter is coming
♢ keŋe•ž to•l'o {sentence} summer has arrived, summer is here
♢ lu•do tür de•ke tole•š {sentence} the ducks swim up to the shore
♢ imńe•ške tole•š {sentence} a horseman is coming
♢ una• pö•rtə̑š tole•š {sentence} the guests come to the house
♢ se•rə̑š to•lə̑n {sentence} the letter came
♦ βujžə̑la•n tolša•š! {phrase} a plague on him/her!
♦ βujetla•n tola•m! {phrase} damn you!
♦ kid-jo•lžo tole•š {phrase} (s)he's a jack of all trades
♦ ki•dše tole•š {phrase} (s)he's a jack of all trades
♦ ti•de kumə̑lemla•n tole•š {phrase} it pleases me, I find satisfaction in it
♦ ojla•š jə̑•lme ok tol {phrase} (s)he can't bring himself/herself to say it
♦ tü•rβə̑nč́ə̑š tura• tole•š {phrase} if somebody sneezes while you're talking, what you say must be true (superstition)
♦ tü•rβə̑nč́ə̑š tura•š tole•š {phrase} if somebody sneezes while you're talking, what you say must be true (superstition)
♦ βašlija•š tola•m {verb I} to come meet
♦ žapla•n tola•m {verb I} to come for a while
♦ ikta•ž-ku•ško tola•m {verb I} to arrive somewhere
♦ ki•də̑š tola•m {verb I} {set phrase} to come into somebody's hands, to be given
♦ ko•rnə̑m tola•m {verb I} {set phrase} to travel
♦ mö•ŋgö tola•m {verb I} to come home
♦ pa•lə̑də̑me βe•rə̑ške tola•m {verb I} to find oneself in a strange place
♦ po•jezd de•ne tola•m {verb I} to come by train
♦ saj kač́ə̑la•n tola•m {verb I} to marry a good boy
♦ to•lə̑n toškala•š o•gə̑l {verb I – negative} {set phrase} not to set foot somewhere
♦ tupela• tola•m {verb I} {set phrase} to come out wrong, to go wrong
♦ tura• tola•m {verb I} {set phrase} to find oneself somewhere; {set phrase} to catch the eye; {set phrase} to come at the right moment, to be opportune
♦ tura•š tola•m {verb I} {set phrase} to find oneself somewhere; {set phrase} to catch the eye; {set phrase} to come at the right moment, to be opportune
♦ uža•š tola•m {verb I} {set phrase} to come for a visit
♦ unala• tola•m {verb I} to visit, to come for a visit
♦ unalə̑ke•š tola•m {verb I} to visit, to come for a visit
♦ u•šə̑ško tola•m {verb I} {set phrase} to regain consciousness, to come to, to recover one's senses; {set phrase} to come to mind, to be remembered
♦ č́ə̑ne•š tola•m {verb I} {set phrase} to prove to be true
♦ č́ə̑nla•n tola•m {verb I} {set phrase} to prove to be true
♦ šote•š tola•m {verb I} {set phrase} to come in handy, to come very opportunely
♦ šulde•š tola•m {verb I} {set phrase} to be cheap, to come cheap
2. to come back, to return
♦ i•lə̑šə̑š tola•m {verb I} to come back to life
♦ jöršə̑nla•n tola•m {verb I} to return for good
♦ sar gə̑č́ tola•m {verb I} to return from war
♦ jara• tola•m {verb I} to come back with nothing
3. to approach, to come near to something, to draw near
♦ po•rə̑žo me•lə̑n to•lžo {phrase} best of luck, may you be blessed by luck
♦ jolta•š de•ke tola•m {verb I} to approach a friend
4. to fall upon, to attack (a country)
♢ ik el βes el ümba•ke to•lə̑n {sentence} one country fell upon another
5. to run into, to run over
♢ βelosipe•d pə̑•rə̑s ümba•ke to•lə̑n {sentence} the bicycle ran over the cat
6. to get into something, to start something, to join the ranks of something, to become active
♦ literatu•rə̑ško tola•m {verb I} to become active in literature, to start writing
7. to originate from, to come from
♢ ti•de jo•də̑š tə̑še•č́ tole•š {sentence} this is where the question comes from
8. to come, to appear, to start falling (e.g., rain, snow)
♢ jür tole•š {sentence} it's starting to rain
♢ lum tole•š {sentence} it's starting to snow
9. to appear, to arise, to come up
♢ tu•də̑n šinč́aβü•d tole•š {sentence} tears are welling up in his/her eyes
♢ jümə̑šume•m tole•š {sentence} I am growing thirsty
♢ marde•ž tole•š {sentence} a wind is arising
♦ ome•m tole•š {phrase} I am sleepy, I am getting drowsy
♦ kumə̑le•m tole•š {phrase} I am satisfied, it pleases me, I find satisfaction in it
♦ u•šə̑žo to•l'o {phrase} (s)he regained consciousness, (s)he came to, (s)he recovered his/her senses
♦ lač́la•n tola•m {verb I} {set phrase} to come in handy, to be useful
10. to come true, to happen, to occur
♢ tə̑•jə̑n tə̑lanə̑meta•t to•l'o {sentence} your wishes have come true
11. to reach, to arrive at, to come to (some result)
♦ kelšə̑ma•ške tola•m {verb I} to come to an understanding
12. to fit, to suit, to match
♢ terku•pš βurgemžə̑la•n ok tol {sentence} the hat doesn't match the clothing
♦ ikte•š tola•m {verb I} {set phrase} to match, to be the same
♦ lač́e•š tola•m {verb I} {set phrase} to be suitable, to fit, to be just right; {set phrase} to turn out to be true, to prove to be true, to be true
13. {in a converb construction} (marks gradual actions or actions with gradually increasing effects, marked with both transitive and intransitive verbs)
♦ βija•ŋ tola•m {verb I} to develop
♦ βolga•lt tola•m {verb I} to shine
♦ liše•m tola•m {verb I} to approach gradually
♦ monda•lt tola•m {verb I} to be forgotten
♦ ue•m tola•m {verb I} to be restored
♦ šukte•n tola•m {verb I} to carry out (one's function)
14. {in a converb construction} (marks approach to something)
♦ i•jə̑n tola•m {verb I} to come swimming
♦ ku•ržə̑n tola•m {verb I} to come running, to run back
♦ o•škə̑l tola•m {verb I} to pace back
♦ č́oŋešte•n tola•m {verb I} to come flying
~ COPULATIVE CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
/ to•lə̑n pure•m {verb II} (into)
♢ šonə̑ma•š βujə̑ške•m to•lə̑n pu•rə̑š {sentence} it occurred to me, it struck me
~ ASPECTUAL CONVERB CONSTRUCTIONS ~
// to•lə̑n kaje•m {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
♢ ač́a•m-aβa•m de•ke ja•lə̑š to•lə̑n kaje•m {sentence} I'll visit my parents in the village
// to•lə̑n košta•m {verb I} {imperfective} (see above)
// č́e•rle jeŋ de•ke to•lə̑n košta•m {verb I} to visit a sick person
// to•lə̑n lekta•m {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ marde•ž to•lə̑n le•kte {sentence} a wind has arisen
// to•lə̑n saβə̑rne•m {verb II} {perfective} (see above)
// šo•ŋgo koβa• de•ke to•lə̑n saβə̑rne•m {verb II} to visit one's old grandmother
// to•lə̑n tema•m {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ ke•βə̑tə̑š ka•lə̑k to•lə̑n te•mə̑n {sentence} the shop is full of people
// to•lə̑n šinč́a•m {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ okna•ške pura•k to•lə̑n ši•nč́ə̑n {sentence} there is dust on the window
// to•lə̑n šogala•m {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
♢ βokteke•m joltaše•m to•lə̑n šoga•l'e {sentence} my friend came to me
// to•lə̑n šoge•m {verb II} {imperfective} (see above)
♢ oksa• küse•nə̑škə̑že to•lə̑n šoga• {sentence} money is finding its way into his/her pocket
// to•lə̑n šua•m {verb I} {perfective} (see above)
// ikta•ž-ku•ško to•lə̑n šua•m {verb I} to arrive somewhere
♢ to•lə̑n šuə̑nna•! {sentence} we have arrived!, we're here
