Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | aβə̑rkalem | om aβə̑rkale |
2SG: | aβə̑rkalet | ot aβə̑rkale |
3SG: | aβə̑rkala | ok/ogeš aβə̑rkale |
1PL: | aβə̑rkalena | ona/ogə̑na aβə̑rkale |
2PL: | aβə̑rkaleda | oda/ogə̑da aβə̑rkale |
3PL: | aβə̑rkalat | ogə̑t aβə̑rkale |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | aβə̑rkalə̑šə̑m | šə̑m aβə̑rkale |
2SG: | aβə̑rkalə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ aβə̑rkale |
3SG: | aβə̑rkalə̑š | ə̑š aβə̑rkale |
1PL: | aβə̑rkalə̑šna | ə̑šna aβə̑rkale |
2PL: | aβə̑rkalə̑šda | ə̑šda aβə̑rkale |
3PL: | aβə̑rkalə̑št | ə̑št aβə̑rkale |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | aβə̑rkalenam | aβə̑rkalen omə̑l |
2SG: | aβə̑rkalenat | aβə̑rkalen otə̑l |
3SG: | aβə̑rkalen | aβə̑rkalen ogə̑l |
1PL: | aβə̑rkalenna | aβə̑rkalen onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | aβə̑rkalenda | aβə̑rkalen odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | aβə̑rkalenə̑t | aβə̑rkalen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | aβə̑rkalem ə̑l'e | om aβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
2SG: | aβə̑rkalet ə̑l'e | ot aβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
3SG: | aβə̑rkala ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš aβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
1PL: | aβə̑rkalena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na aβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
2PL: | aβə̑rkaleda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da aβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
3PL: | aβə̑rkalat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t aβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | aβə̑rkalem ulmaš | om aβə̑rkale ulmaš |
2SG: | aβə̑rkalet ulmaš | ot aβə̑rkale ulmaš |
3SG: | aβə̑rkala ulmaš | ok/ogeš aβə̑rkale ulmaš |
1PL: | aβə̑rkalena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na aβə̑rkale ulmaš |
2PL: | aβə̑rkaleda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da aβə̑rkale ulmaš |
3PL: | aβə̑rkalat ulmaš | ogə̑t aβə̑rkale ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | aβə̑rkalenam ə̑l'e | aβə̑rkalen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | aβə̑rkalenat ə̑l'e | aβə̑rkalen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | aβə̑rkalen ə̑l'e | aβə̑rkalen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | aβə̑rkalenna ə̑l'e | aβə̑rkalen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | aβə̑rkalenda ə̑l'e | aβə̑rkalen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | aβə̑rkalen ə̑l'e | aβə̑rkalen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | aβə̑rkalenam ulmaš | aβə̑rkalen omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | aβə̑rkalenat ulmaš | aβə̑rkalen otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | aβə̑rkalen ulmaš | aβə̑rkalen ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | aβə̑rkalenna ulmaš | aβə̑rkalen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | aβə̑rkalenda ulmaš | aβə̑rkalen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | aβə̑rkalen ulmaš | aβə̑rkalen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | aβə̑rkale | it aβə̑rkale |
3SG: | aβə̑rkalə̑že | ə̑nže aβə̑rkale |
1PL: | (aβə̑rkalena) | (ona/ogə̑na aβə̑rkale) |
2PL: | aβə̑rkalə̑za | ida aβə̑rkale |
3PL: | aβə̑rkalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št aβə̑rkale |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | aβə̑rkalə̑nem | ə̑nem aβə̑rkale |
2SG: | aβə̑rkalə̑net | ə̑net aβə̑rkale |
3SG: | aβə̑rkalə̑neže | ə̑než aβə̑rkale |
1PL: | aβə̑rkalə̑nena | ə̑nena aβə̑rkale |
2PL: | aβə̑rkalə̑neda | ə̑neda aβə̑rkale |
3PL: | aβə̑rkalə̑nešt | ə̑nešt aβə̑rkale |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | aβə̑rkalə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem aβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
2SG: | aβə̑rkalə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net aβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
3SG: | aβə̑rkalə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než aβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
1PL: | aβə̑rkalə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena aβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
2PL: | aβə̑rkalə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda aβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
3PL: | aβə̑rkalə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt aβə̑rkale ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | aβə̑rkalə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net aβə̑rkale ulmaš |
3SG: | aβə̑rkalə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než aβə̑rkale ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | aβə̑rkalə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda aβə̑rkale ulmaš |
3PL: | aβə̑rkalə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt aβə̑rkale ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | aβə̑rkalaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | aβə̑rkalə̑man |
Active participle: | aβə̑rkalə̑še |
Passive participle: | aβə̑rkalə̑me |
Future-necessitive participle: | aβə̑rkalə̑šaš |
Negative participle: | aβə̑rkalə̑də̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | aβə̑rkalen |
Negative gerund: | aβə̑rkalə̑de |
Gerund of prior action: | aβə̑rkalə̑mek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | aβə̑rkalə̑meš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | aβə̑rkalə̑šə̑la |
Nominalization: | aβə̑rkalə̑maš |
Negative nominalization: | aβə̑rkalə̑də̑maš |