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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | apaʃudo |
Genitive: | apaʃudən |
Dative: | apaʃudəlan |
Accusative: | apaʃudəm |
Comparative: | apaʃudəla |
Comitative: | apaʃudəge |
Inessive: | apaʃudəʃto |
Illative: | apaʃudəʃ(ko) |
Lative: | apaʃudeʃ |
1SG: | apaʃudem |
2SG: | apaʃudet |
3SG: | apaʃudəʒ(o) |
1PL: | apaʃudəna |
2PL: | apaʃudəda |
3PL: | apaʃudəʃt |
Plural (1): | apaʃudo-βlak |
Plural (2): | apaʃudo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | apaʃudəla |
Sociative Plural: | apaʃudəmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | apaʃudem | apaʃudo-βlak | apaʃudo-βlakem, apaʃudem-βlak |
Genitive: | apaʃudemən | apaʃudo-βlakən | apaʃudo-βlakemən, apaʃudem-βlakən |
Dative: | apaʃudemlan, apaʃudəlanem | apaʃudo-βlaklan | apaʃudo-βlakemlan, apaʃudem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | apaʃudeməm | apaʃudo-βlakəm | apaʃudo-βlakeməm, apaʃudem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | apaʃudemla, apaʃudəlam | apaʃudo-βlakla | apaʃudo-βlakemla, apaʃudem-βlakla |
Comitative: | apaʃudemge | apaʃudo-βlakge | apaʃudo-βlakemge, apaʃudem-βlakge |
Inessive: | apaʃudəʃtem | apaʃudo-βlakəʃte | apaʃudo-βlakəʃtem, apaʃudem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | apaʃudəʃkem | apaʃudo-βlakəʃ(ke) | apaʃudo-βlakəʃkem, apaʃudem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | apaʃudeʃem | apaʃudo-βlakeʃ | apaʃudo-βlakeʃem, apaʃudem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |