Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | bukam | om buk |
2SG: | bukat | ot buk |
3SG: | bukeš | ok/ogeš buk |
1PL: | bukə̑na | ona/ogə̑na buk |
2PL: | bukə̑da | oda/ogə̑da buk |
3PL: | bukə̑t | ogə̑t buk |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | bukə̑m | šə̑m buk |
2SG: | bukə̑č́ | šə̑č́ buk |
3SG: | buko | ə̑š buk |
1PL: | bukna | ə̑šna buk |
2PL: | bukda | ə̑šda buk |
3PL: | bukə̑č́ | ə̑št buk |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | bukə̑nam | bukə̑n omə̑l |
2SG: | bukə̑nat | bukə̑n otə̑l |
3SG: | bukə̑n | bukə̑n ogə̑l |
1PL: | bukə̑nna | bukə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | bukə̑nda | bukə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | bukə̑nə̑t | bukə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | bukam ə̑l'e | om buk ə̑l'e |
2SG: | bukat ə̑l'e | ot buk ə̑l'e |
3SG: | bukeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš buk ə̑l'e |
1PL: | bukə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na buk ə̑l'e |
2PL: | bukə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da buk ə̑l'e |
3PL: | bukə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t buk ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | bukam ulmaš | om buk ulmaš |
2SG: | bukat ulmaš | ot buk ulmaš |
3SG: | bukeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš buk ulmaš |
1PL: | bukə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na buk ulmaš |
2PL: | bukə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da buk ulmaš |
3PL: | bukə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t buk ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | bukə̑nam ə̑l'e | bukə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | bukə̑nat ə̑l'e | bukə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | bukə̑n ə̑l'e | bukə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | bukə̑nna ə̑l'e | bukə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | bukə̑nda ə̑l'e | bukə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | bukə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | bukə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | bukə̑nam ulmaš | bukə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | bukə̑nat ulmaš | bukə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | bukə̑n ulmaš | bukə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | bukə̑nna ulmaš | bukə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | bukə̑nda ulmaš | bukə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | bukə̑nə̑t ulmaš | bukə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | buk | it buk |
3SG: | bukšo | ə̑nže buk |
1PL: | (bukə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na buk) |
2PL: | buksa | ida buk |
3PL: | bukə̑št | ə̑nə̑št buk |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | buknem | ə̑nem buk |
2SG: | buknet | ə̑net buk |
3SG: | bukneže | ə̑než buk |
1PL: | buknena | ə̑nena buk |
2PL: | bukneda | ə̑neda buk |
3PL: | buknešt | ə̑nešt buk |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | buknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem buk ə̑l'e |
2SG: | buknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net buk ə̑l'e |
3SG: | bukneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než buk ə̑l'e |
1PL: | buknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena buk ə̑l'e |
2PL: | bukneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda buk ə̑l'e |
3PL: | buknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt buk ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | buknet ulmaš | ə̑net buk ulmaš |
3SG: | bukneže ulmaš | ə̑než buk ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | bukneda ulmaš | ə̑neda buk ulmaš |
3PL: | buknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt buk ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | bukaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | bukman |
Active participle: | bukšo |
Passive participle: | bukmo |
Future-necessitive participle: | bukšaš |
Negative participle: | bukdə̑mo |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | bukə̑n |
Negative gerund: | bukde |
Gerund of prior action: | bukmek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | bukmeš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | bukšə̑la |
Nominalization: | bukmaš |
Negative nominalization: | bukdə̑maš |