Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkə̑lam | om βotkə̑l |
| 2SG: | βotkə̑lat | ot βotkə̑l |
| 3SG: | βotkə̑leš | ok/ogeš βotkə̑l |
| 1PL: | βotkə̑lə̑na | ona/ogə̑na βotkə̑l |
| 2PL: | βotkə̑lə̑da | oda/ogə̑da βotkə̑l |
| 3PL: | βotkə̑lə̑t | ogə̑t βotkə̑l |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkə̑l'ə̑m | šə̑m βotkə̑l |
| 2SG: | βotkə̑l'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ βotkə̑l |
| 3SG: | βotkə̑l'o | ə̑š βotkə̑l |
| 1PL: | βotkə̑lna | ə̑šna βotkə̑l |
| 2PL: | βotkə̑lda | ə̑šda βotkə̑l |
| 3PL: | βotkə̑l'ə̑č́ | ə̑št βotkə̑l |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkə̑lə̑nam | βotkə̑lə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | βotkə̑lə̑nat | βotkə̑lə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | βotkə̑lə̑n | βotkə̑lə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | βotkə̑lə̑nna | βotkə̑lə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | βotkə̑lə̑nda | βotkə̑lə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | βotkə̑lə̑nə̑t | βotkə̑lə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkə̑lam ə̑l'e | om βotkə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βotkə̑lat ə̑l'e | ot βotkə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βotkə̑leš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš βotkə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βotkə̑lə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na βotkə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βotkə̑lə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da βotkə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βotkə̑lə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t βotkə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkə̑lam ulmaš | om βotkə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βotkə̑lat ulmaš | ot βotkə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βotkə̑leš ulmaš | ok/ogeš βotkə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βotkə̑lə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na βotkə̑l ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βotkə̑lə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da βotkə̑l ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βotkə̑lə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t βotkə̑l ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkə̑lə̑nam ə̑l'e | βotkə̑lə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βotkə̑lə̑nat ə̑l'e | βotkə̑lə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βotkə̑lə̑n ə̑l'e | βotkə̑lə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βotkə̑lə̑nna ə̑l'e | βotkə̑lə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βotkə̑lə̑nda ə̑l'e | βotkə̑lə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βotkə̑lə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | βotkə̑lə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkə̑lə̑nam ulmaš | βotkə̑lə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βotkə̑lə̑nat ulmaš | βotkə̑lə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βotkə̑lə̑n ulmaš | βotkə̑lə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βotkə̑lə̑nna ulmaš | βotkə̑lə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βotkə̑lə̑nda ulmaš | βotkə̑lə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βotkə̑lə̑nə̑t ulmaš | βotkə̑lə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βotkə̑l | it βotkə̑l |
| 3SG: | βotkə̑lžo | ə̑nže βotkə̑l |
| 1PL: | (βotkə̑lə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na βotkə̑l) |
| 2PL: | βotkə̑lza | ida βotkə̑l |
| 3PL: | βotkə̑lə̑št | ə̑nə̑št βotkə̑l |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkə̑lnem | ə̑nem βotkə̑l |
| 2SG: | βotkə̑lnet | ə̑net βotkə̑l |
| 3SG: | βotkə̑lneže | ə̑než βotkə̑l |
| 1PL: | βotkə̑lnena | ə̑nena βotkə̑l |
| 2PL: | βotkə̑lneda | ə̑neda βotkə̑l |
| 3PL: | βotkə̑lnešt | ə̑nešt βotkə̑l |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | βotkə̑lnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem βotkə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βotkə̑lnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net βotkə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βotkə̑lneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než βotkə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βotkə̑lnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena βotkə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βotkə̑lneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda βotkə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βotkə̑lnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt βotkə̑l ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βotkə̑lnet ulmaš | ə̑net βotkə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βotkə̑lneže ulmaš | ə̑než βotkə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βotkə̑lneda ulmaš | ə̑neda βotkə̑l ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βotkə̑lnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt βotkə̑l ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βotkə̑laš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βotkə̑lman |
| Active participle: | βotkə̑lšo |
| Passive participle: | βotkə̑lmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βotkə̑lšaš |
| Negative participle: | βotkə̑ldə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βotkə̑lə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | βotkə̑lde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βotkə̑lmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βotkə̑lmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βotkə̑lšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | βotkə̑lmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | βotkə̑ldə̑maš |
