Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gamakam | om gamak |
| 2SG: | gamakat | ot gamak |
| 3SG: | gamakeš | ok/ogeš gamak |
| 1PL: | gamakə̑na | ona/ogə̑na gamak |
| 2PL: | gamakə̑da | oda/ogə̑da gamak |
| 3PL: | gamakə̑t | ogə̑t gamak |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gamakə̑m | šə̑m gamak |
| 2SG: | gamakə̑č́ | šə̑č́ gamak |
| 3SG: | gamake | ə̑š gamak |
| 1PL: | gamakna | ə̑šna gamak |
| 2PL: | gamakda | ə̑šda gamak |
| 3PL: | gamakə̑č́ | ə̑št gamak |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gamakə̑nam | gamakə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | gamakə̑nat | gamakə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | gamakə̑n | gamakə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | gamakə̑nna | gamakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | gamakə̑nda | gamakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | gamakə̑nə̑t | gamakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gamakam ə̑l'e | om gamak ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gamakat ə̑l'e | ot gamak ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gamakeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš gamak ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gamakə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na gamak ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gamakə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da gamak ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gamakə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t gamak ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gamakam ulmaš | om gamak ulmaš |
| 2SG: | gamakat ulmaš | ot gamak ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gamakeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš gamak ulmaš |
| 1PL: | gamakə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na gamak ulmaš |
| 2PL: | gamakə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da gamak ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gamakə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t gamak ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gamakə̑nam ə̑l'e | gamakə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gamakə̑nat ə̑l'e | gamakə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gamakə̑n ə̑l'e | gamakə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gamakə̑nna ə̑l'e | gamakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gamakə̑nda ə̑l'e | gamakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gamakə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | gamakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gamakə̑nam ulmaš | gamakə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | gamakə̑nat ulmaš | gamakə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gamakə̑n ulmaš | gamakə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | gamakə̑nna ulmaš | gamakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | gamakə̑nda ulmaš | gamakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gamakə̑nə̑t ulmaš | gamakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | gamak | it gamak |
| 3SG: | gamakše | ə̑nže gamak |
| 1PL: | (gamakə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na gamak) |
| 2PL: | gamaksa | ida gamak |
| 3PL: | gamakə̑št | ə̑nə̑št gamak |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gamaknem | ə̑nem gamak |
| 2SG: | gamaknet | ə̑net gamak |
| 3SG: | gamakneže | ə̑než gamak |
| 1PL: | gamaknena | ə̑nena gamak |
| 2PL: | gamakneda | ə̑neda gamak |
| 3PL: | gamaknešt | ə̑nešt gamak |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | gamaknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem gamak ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | gamaknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net gamak ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | gamakneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než gamak ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | gamaknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena gamak ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | gamakneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda gamak ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | gamaknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt gamak ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | gamaknet ulmaš | ə̑net gamak ulmaš |
| 3SG: | gamakneže ulmaš | ə̑než gamak ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | gamakneda ulmaš | ə̑neda gamak ulmaš |
| 3PL: | gamaknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt gamak ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | gamakaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | gamakman |
| Active participle: | gamakše |
| Passive participle: | gamakme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | gamakšaš |
| Negative participle: | gamakdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | gamakə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | gamakde |
| Gerund of prior action: | gamakmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | gamakmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | gamakšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | gamakmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | gamakdə̑maš |
