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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | graždan |
Genitive: | graždanə̑n |
Dative: | graždanlan |
Accusative: | graždanə̑m |
Comparative: | graždanla |
Comitative: | graždange |
Inessive: | graždanə̑šte |
Illative: | graždanə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | graždaneš |
1SG: | graždanem |
2SG: | graždanet |
3SG: | graždanže |
1PL: | graždanna |
2PL: | graždanda |
3PL: | graždanə̑št |
Plural (1): | graždan-βlak |
Plural (2): | graždan-šamə̑č́ |
Short Plural: | graždanla |
Sociative Plural: | graždanmə̑t |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | graždanem | graždan-βlak | graždan-βlakem, graždanem-βlak |
Genitive: | graždanemə̑n | graždan-βlakə̑n | graždan-βlakemə̑n, graždanem-βlakə̑n |
Dative: | graždanemlan, graždanlanem | graždan-βlaklan | graždan-βlakemlan, graždanem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | graždanemə̑m | graždan-βlakə̑m | graždan-βlakemə̑m, graždanem-βlakə̑m |
Comparative: | graždanemla, graždanlam | graždan-βlakla | graždan-βlakemla, graždanem-βlakla |
Comitative: | graždanemge | graždan-βlakge | graždan-βlakemge, graždanem-βlakge |
Inessive: | graždanə̑štem | graždan-βlakə̑šte | graždan-βlakə̑štem, graždanem-βlakə̑šte |
Illative: | graždanə̑škem | graždan-βlakə̑š(ke) | graždan-βlakə̑škem, graždanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | graždanešem | graždan-βlakeš | graždan-βlakešem, graždanem-βlakeš |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |