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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | gutla |
Genitive: | gutlan |
Dative: | gutlalan |
Accusative: | gutlam |
Comparative: | gutlala |
Comitative: | gutlage |
Inessive: | gutlaʃte |
Illative: | gutlaʃ(ke) |
Lative: | gutlaʃ |
1SG: | gutlam |
2SG: | gutlat |
3SG: | gutlaʒ(e) |
1PL: | gutlana |
2PL: | gutlada |
3PL: | gutlaʃt |
Plural (1): | gutla-βlak |
Plural (2): | gutla-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | gutlala |
Sociative Plural: | gutlamət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | gutlam | gutla-βlak | gutla-βlakem, gutlam-βlak |
Genitive: | gutlamən | gutla-βlakən | gutla-βlakemən, gutlam-βlakən |
Dative: | gutlamlan, gutlalanem | gutla-βlaklan | gutla-βlakemlan, gutlam-βlaklan |
Accusative: | gutlaməm | gutla-βlakəm | gutla-βlakeməm, gutlam-βlakəm |
Comparative: | gutlamla, gutlalam | gutla-βlakla | gutla-βlakemla, gutlam-βlakla |
Comitative: | gutlamge | gutla-βlakge | gutla-βlakemge, gutlam-βlakge |
Inessive: | gutlaʃtem | gutla-βlakəʃte | gutla-βlakəʃtem, gutlam-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | gutlaʃkem | gutla-βlakəʃ(ke) | gutla-βlakəʃkem, gutlam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | gutlaʃem | gutla-βlakeʃ | gutla-βlakeʃem, gutlam-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |