Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | dustam | om dust |
| 2SG: | dustat | ot dust |
| 3SG: | dusteš | ok/ogeš dust |
| 1PL: | dustə̑na | ona/ogə̑na dust |
| 2PL: | dustə̑da | oda/ogə̑da dust |
| 3PL: | dustə̑t | ogə̑t dust |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | dustə̑m | šə̑m dust |
| 2SG: | dustə̑č́ | šə̑č́ dust |
| 3SG: | dusto | ə̑š dust |
| 1PL: | dustna | ə̑šna dust |
| 2PL: | dustda | ə̑šda dust |
| 3PL: | dustə̑č́ | ə̑št dust |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | dustə̑nam | dustə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | dustə̑nat | dustə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | dustə̑n | dustə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | dustə̑nna | dustə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | dustə̑nda | dustə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | dustə̑nə̑t | dustə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | dustam ə̑l'e | om dust ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | dustat ə̑l'e | ot dust ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | dusteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš dust ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | dustə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na dust ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | dustə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da dust ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | dustə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t dust ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | dustam ulmaš | om dust ulmaš |
| 2SG: | dustat ulmaš | ot dust ulmaš |
| 3SG: | dusteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš dust ulmaš |
| 1PL: | dustə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na dust ulmaš |
| 2PL: | dustə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da dust ulmaš |
| 3PL: | dustə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t dust ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | dustə̑nam ə̑l'e | dustə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | dustə̑nat ə̑l'e | dustə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | dustə̑n ə̑l'e | dustə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | dustə̑nna ə̑l'e | dustə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | dustə̑nda ə̑l'e | dustə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | dustə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | dustə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | dustə̑nam ulmaš | dustə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | dustə̑nat ulmaš | dustə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | dustə̑n ulmaš | dustə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | dustə̑nna ulmaš | dustə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | dustə̑nda ulmaš | dustə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | dustə̑nə̑t ulmaš | dustə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | dust | it dust |
| 3SG: | dustšo | ə̑nže dust |
| 1PL: | (dustə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na dust) |
| 2PL: | dustsa | ida dust |
| 3PL: | dustə̑št | ə̑nə̑št dust |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | dustnem | ə̑nem dust |
| 2SG: | dustnet | ə̑net dust |
| 3SG: | dustneže | ə̑než dust |
| 1PL: | dustnena | ə̑nena dust |
| 2PL: | dustneda | ə̑neda dust |
| 3PL: | dustnešt | ə̑nešt dust |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | dustnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem dust ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | dustnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net dust ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | dustneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než dust ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | dustnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena dust ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | dustneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda dust ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | dustnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt dust ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | dustnet ulmaš | ə̑net dust ulmaš |
| 3SG: | dustneže ulmaš | ə̑než dust ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | dustneda ulmaš | ə̑neda dust ulmaš |
| 3PL: | dustnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt dust ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | dustaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | dustman |
| Active participle: | dustšo |
| Passive participle: | dustmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | dustšaš |
| Negative participle: | dustdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | dustə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | dustde |
| Gerund of prior action: | dustmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | dustmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | dustšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | dustmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | dustdə̑maš |
