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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | iruʃkal |
Genitive: | iruʃkalən |
Dative: | iruʃkalːan |
Accusative: | iruʃkaləm |
Comparative: | iruʃkalːa |
Comitative: | iruʃkalge |
Inessive: | iruʃkaləʃte |
Illative: | iruʃkaləʃ(ke) |
Lative: | iruʃkaleʃ |
1SG: | iruʃkalem |
2SG: | iruʃkalet |
3SG: | iruʃkalʒe |
1PL: | iruʃkalna |
2PL: | iruʃkalda |
3PL: | iruʃkaləʃt |
Plural (1): | iruʃkal-βlak |
Plural (2): | iruʃkal-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | iruʃkalːa |
Sociative Plural: | iruʃkalmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | iruʃkalem | iruʃkal-βlak | iruʃkal-βlakem, iruʃkalem-βlak |
Genitive: | iruʃkalemən | iruʃkal-βlakən | iruʃkal-βlakemən, iruʃkalem-βlakən |
Dative: | iruʃkalemlan, iruʃkalːanem | iruʃkal-βlaklan | iruʃkal-βlakemlan, iruʃkalem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | iruʃkaleməm | iruʃkal-βlakəm | iruʃkal-βlakeməm, iruʃkalem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | iruʃkalemla, iruʃkalːam | iruʃkal-βlakla | iruʃkal-βlakemla, iruʃkalem-βlakla |
Comitative: | iruʃkalemge | iruʃkal-βlakge | iruʃkal-βlakemge, iruʃkalem-βlakge |
Inessive: | iruʃkaləʃtem | iruʃkal-βlakəʃte | iruʃkal-βlakəʃtem, iruʃkalem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | iruʃkaləʃkem | iruʃkal-βlakəʃ(ke) | iruʃkal-βlakəʃkem, iruʃkalem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | iruʃkaleʃem | iruʃkal-βlakeʃ | iruʃkal-βlakeʃem, iruʃkalem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |