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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | jont͡ɕəmaʃ |
Genitive: | jont͡ɕəmaʃən |
Dative: | jont͡ɕəmaʃlan |
Accusative: | jont͡ɕəmaʃəm |
Comparative: | jont͡ɕəmaʃla |
Comitative: | jont͡ɕəmaʃge |
Inessive: | jont͡ɕəmaʃte, jont͡ɕəmaʃəʃte |
Illative: | jont͡ɕəmaʃke, jont͡ɕəmaʃəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | jont͡ɕəmaʃeʃ |
1SG: | jont͡ɕəmaʃem |
2SG: | jont͡ɕəmaʃet |
3SG: | jont͡ɕəmaʃːe, jont͡ɕəmaʃəʒ(e) |
1PL: | jont͡ɕəmaʃna |
2PL: | jont͡ɕəmaʃda |
3PL: | jont͡ɕəmaʃəʃt |
Plural (1): | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlak |
Plural (2): | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | jont͡ɕəmaʃla |
Sociative Plural: | jont͡ɕəmaʃmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | jont͡ɕəmaʃem | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlak | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakem, jont͡ɕəmaʃem-βlak |
Genitive: | jont͡ɕəmaʃemən | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakən | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakemən, jont͡ɕəmaʃem-βlakən |
Dative: | jont͡ɕəmaʃemlan, jont͡ɕəmaʃlanem | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlaklan | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakemlan, jont͡ɕəmaʃem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | jont͡ɕəmaʃeməm | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakəm | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakeməm, jont͡ɕəmaʃem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | jont͡ɕəmaʃemla, jont͡ɕəmaʃlam | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakla | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakemla, jont͡ɕəmaʃem-βlakla |
Comitative: | jont͡ɕəmaʃemge | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakge | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakemge, jont͡ɕəmaʃem-βlakge |
Inessive: | jont͡ɕəmaʃtem, jont͡ɕəmaʃəʃtem | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakəʃte | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakəʃtem, jont͡ɕəmaʃem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | jont͡ɕəmaʃkem, jont͡ɕəmaʃəʃkem | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakəʃkem, jont͡ɕəmaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | jont͡ɕəmaʃeʃem | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakeʃ | jont͡ɕəmaʃ-βlakeʃem, jont͡ɕəmaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |