Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)am | om joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
2SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)at | ot joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
3SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)jeʃ | ok/ogeʃ joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
1PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)əna | ona/ogəna joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
2PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)əda | oda/ogəda joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
3PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ət | ogət joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)əm | ʃəm joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
2SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
3SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)je | əʃ joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
1PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)na | əʃna joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
2PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)da | əʃda joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
3PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ət͡ɕ | əʃt joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənam | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən oməl |
2SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənat | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən otəl |
3SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən ogəl |
1PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənːa | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən onal/ogənal |
2PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənda | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən odal/ogədal |
3PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənət | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)am əʎe | om joʃkar-ʃem(e) əʎe |
2SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)at əʎe | ot joʃkar-ʃem(e) əʎe |
3SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)jeʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ joʃkar-ʃem(e) əʎe |
1PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)əna əʎe | ona/ogəna joʃkar-ʃem(e) əʎe |
2PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)əda əʎe | oda/ogəda joʃkar-ʃem(e) əʎe |
3PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ət əʎe | ogət joʃkar-ʃem(e) əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)am ulmaʃ | om joʃkar-ʃem(e) ulmaʃ |
2SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)at ulmaʃ | ot joʃkar-ʃem(e) ulmaʃ |
3SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)jeʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ joʃkar-ʃem(e) ulmaʃ |
1PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)əna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna joʃkar-ʃem(e) ulmaʃ |
2PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)əda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda joʃkar-ʃem(e) ulmaʃ |
3PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ət ulmaʃ | ogət joʃkar-ʃem(e) ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənam əʎe | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən oməl əʎe |
2SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənat əʎe | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən otəl əʎe |
3SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən əʎe | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən ogəl əʎe |
1PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənːa əʎe | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən onal/ogənal əʎe |
2PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənda əʎe | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən odal/ogədal əʎe |
3PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənət əʎe | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənam ulmaʃ | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən oməl ulmaʃ |
2SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənat ulmaʃ | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən otəl ulmaʃ |
3SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən ulmaʃ | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən ogəl ulmaʃ |
1PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənːa ulmaʃ | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
2PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənda ulmaʃ | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
3PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ənət ulmaʃ | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e) | it joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
3SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ʒe | ənʒe joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
1PL: | (joʃkar-ʃem(e)əna) | (ona/ogəna joʃkar-ʃem(e)) |
2PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)za | ida joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
3PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)əʃt | ənəʃt joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)nem | ənem joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
2SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)net | ənet joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
3SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)neʒe | əneʒ joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
1PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)nena | ənena joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
2PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)neda | əneda joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
3PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)neʃt | əneʃt joʃkar-ʃem(e) |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)nem əʎe | ənem joʃkar-ʃem(e) əʎe |
2SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)nena əʎe | ənet joʃkar-ʃem(e) əʎe |
3SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)neʒe əʎe | əneʒ joʃkar-ʃem(e) əʎe |
1PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)nena əʎe | ənena joʃkar-ʃem(e) əʎe |
2PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)neda əʎe | əneda joʃkar-ʃem(e) əʎe |
3PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)neʃt əʎe | əneʃt joʃkar-ʃem(e) əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)net ulmaʃ | ənet joʃkar-ʃem(e) ulmaʃ |
3SG: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)neʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ joʃkar-ʃem(e) ulmaʃ |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)neda ulmaʃ | əneda joʃkar-ʃem(e) ulmaʃ |
3PL: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)neʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt joʃkar-ʃem(e) ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)aʃ |
Necessitive infinitive: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)man |
Active participle: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ʃe |
Passive participle: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)me |
Future-necessitive participle: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ʃaʃ |
Negative participle: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)dəme |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ən |
Negative gerund: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)de |
Gerund of prior action: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)mek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)meʃ(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)ʃəla |
Nominalization: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)maʃ |
Negative nominalization: | joʃkar-ʃem(e)dəmaʃ |