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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | joŋələʃan |
Genitive: | joŋələʃanən |
Dative: | joŋələʃanlan |
Accusative: | joŋələʃanəm |
Comparative: | joŋələʃanla |
Comitative: | joŋələʃange |
Inessive: | joŋələʃanəʃte |
Illative: | joŋələʃanəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | joŋələʃaneʃ |
1SG: | joŋələʃanem |
2SG: | joŋələʃanet |
3SG: | joŋələʃanʒe |
1PL: | joŋələʃanːa |
2PL: | joŋələʃanda |
3PL: | joŋələʃanəʃt |
Plural (1): | joŋələʃan-βlak |
Plural (2): | joŋələʃan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | joŋələʃanla |
Sociative Plural: | joŋələʃanmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | joŋələʃanem | joŋələʃan-βlak | joŋələʃan-βlakem, joŋələʃanem-βlak |
Genitive: | joŋələʃanemən | joŋələʃan-βlakən | joŋələʃan-βlakemən, joŋələʃanem-βlakən |
Dative: | joŋələʃanemlan, joŋələʃanlanem | joŋələʃan-βlaklan | joŋələʃan-βlakemlan, joŋələʃanem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | joŋələʃaneməm | joŋələʃan-βlakəm | joŋələʃan-βlakeməm, joŋələʃanem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | joŋələʃanemla, joŋələʃanlam | joŋələʃan-βlakla | joŋələʃan-βlakemla, joŋələʃanem-βlakla |
Comitative: | joŋələʃanemge | joŋələʃan-βlakge | joŋələʃan-βlakemge, joŋələʃanem-βlakge |
Inessive: | joŋələʃanəʃtem | joŋələʃan-βlakəʃte | joŋələʃan-βlakəʃtem, joŋələʃanem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | joŋələʃanəʃkem | joŋələʃan-βlakəʃ(ke) | joŋələʃan-βlakəʃkem, joŋələʃanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | joŋələʃaneʃem | joŋələʃan-βlakeʃ | joŋələʃan-βlakeʃem, joŋələʃanem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |