Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaβə̑ram | om kaβə̑ra |
2SG: | kaβə̑rat | ot kaβə̑ra |
3SG: | kaβə̑raš | ok/ogeš kaβə̑ra |
1PL: | kaβə̑raə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kaβə̑ra |
2PL: | kaβə̑raə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kaβə̑ra |
3PL: | kaβə̑raə̑t | ogə̑t kaβə̑ra |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaβə̑raə̑m | šə̑m kaβə̑ra |
2SG: | kaβə̑raə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kaβə̑ra |
3SG: | kaβə̑raje | ə̑š kaβə̑ra |
1PL: | kaβə̑rana | ə̑šna kaβə̑ra |
2PL: | kaβə̑rada | ə̑šda kaβə̑ra |
3PL: | kaβə̑raə̑č́ | ə̑št kaβə̑ra |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaβə̑raə̑nam | kaβə̑raə̑n omə̑l |
2SG: | kaβə̑raə̑nat | kaβə̑raə̑n otə̑l |
3SG: | kaβə̑raə̑n | kaβə̑raə̑n ogə̑l |
1PL: | kaβə̑raə̑nna | kaβə̑raə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | kaβə̑raə̑nda | kaβə̑raə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | kaβə̑raə̑nə̑t | kaβə̑raə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaβə̑ram ə̑l'e | om kaβə̑ra ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kaβə̑rat ə̑l'e | ot kaβə̑ra ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kaβə̑raš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kaβə̑ra ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kaβə̑raə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kaβə̑ra ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kaβə̑raə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kaβə̑ra ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kaβə̑raə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kaβə̑ra ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaβə̑ram ulmaš | om kaβə̑ra ulmaš |
2SG: | kaβə̑rat ulmaš | ot kaβə̑ra ulmaš |
3SG: | kaβə̑raš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kaβə̑ra ulmaš |
1PL: | kaβə̑raə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kaβə̑ra ulmaš |
2PL: | kaβə̑raə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kaβə̑ra ulmaš |
3PL: | kaβə̑raə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kaβə̑ra ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaβə̑raə̑nam ə̑l'e | kaβə̑raə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kaβə̑raə̑nat ə̑l'e | kaβə̑raə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kaβə̑raə̑n ə̑l'e | kaβə̑raə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kaβə̑raə̑nna ə̑l'e | kaβə̑raə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kaβə̑raə̑nda ə̑l'e | kaβə̑raə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kaβə̑raə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kaβə̑raə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaβə̑raə̑nam ulmaš | kaβə̑raə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | kaβə̑raə̑nat ulmaš | kaβə̑raə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | kaβə̑raə̑n ulmaš | kaβə̑raə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | kaβə̑raə̑nna ulmaš | kaβə̑raə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | kaβə̑raə̑nda ulmaš | kaβə̑raə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | kaβə̑raə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kaβə̑raə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kaβə̑ra | it kaβə̑ra |
3SG: | kaβə̑raže | ə̑nže kaβə̑ra |
1PL: | (kaβə̑raə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kaβə̑ra) |
2PL: | kaβə̑raza | ida kaβə̑ra |
3PL: | kaβə̑rašt | ə̑nə̑št kaβə̑ra |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaβə̑ranem | ə̑nem kaβə̑ra |
2SG: | kaβə̑ranet | ə̑net kaβə̑ra |
3SG: | kaβə̑raneže | ə̑než kaβə̑ra |
1PL: | kaβə̑ranena | ə̑nena kaβə̑ra |
2PL: | kaβə̑raneda | ə̑neda kaβə̑ra |
3PL: | kaβə̑ranešt | ə̑nešt kaβə̑ra |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaβə̑ranem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kaβə̑ra ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kaβə̑ranena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kaβə̑ra ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kaβə̑raneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kaβə̑ra ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kaβə̑ranena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kaβə̑ra ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kaβə̑raneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kaβə̑ra ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kaβə̑ranešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kaβə̑ra ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kaβə̑ranet ulmaš | ə̑net kaβə̑ra ulmaš |
3SG: | kaβə̑raneže ulmaš | ə̑než kaβə̑ra ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | kaβə̑raneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kaβə̑ra ulmaš |
3PL: | kaβə̑ranešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kaβə̑ra ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | kaβə̑raš |
Necessitive infinitive: | kaβə̑raman |
Active participle: | kaβə̑raše |
Passive participle: | kaβə̑rame |
Future-necessitive participle: | kaβə̑rašaš |
Negative participle: | kaβə̑radə̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | kaβə̑raə̑n |
Negative gerund: | kaβə̑rade |
Gerund of prior action: | kaβə̑ramek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | kaβə̑rameš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | kaβə̑rašə̑la |
Nominalization: | kaβə̑ramaš |
Negative nominalization: | kaβə̑radə̑maš |