Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaparam | om kapara |
| 2SG: | kaparat | ot kapara |
| 3SG: | kaparaš | ok/ogeš kapara |
| 1PL: | kaparaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kapara |
| 2PL: | kaparaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kapara |
| 3PL: | kaparaə̑t | ogə̑t kapara |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaparaə̑m | šə̑m kapara |
| 2SG: | kaparaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kapara |
| 3SG: | kaparaje | ə̑š kapara |
| 1PL: | kaparana | ə̑šna kapara |
| 2PL: | kaparada | ə̑šda kapara |
| 3PL: | kaparaə̑č́ | ə̑št kapara |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaparaə̑nam | kaparaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kaparaə̑nat | kaparaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kaparaə̑n | kaparaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kaparaə̑nna | kaparaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kaparaə̑nda | kaparaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kaparaə̑nə̑t | kaparaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaparam ə̑l'e | om kapara ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaparat ə̑l'e | ot kapara ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaparaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kapara ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaparaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kapara ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaparaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kapara ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaparaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kapara ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaparam ulmaš | om kapara ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaparat ulmaš | ot kapara ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaparaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kapara ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaparaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kapara ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaparaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kapara ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaparaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kapara ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaparaə̑nam ə̑l'e | kaparaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaparaə̑nat ə̑l'e | kaparaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaparaə̑n ə̑l'e | kaparaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaparaə̑nna ə̑l'e | kaparaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaparaə̑nda ə̑l'e | kaparaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaparaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kaparaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaparaə̑nam ulmaš | kaparaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaparaə̑nat ulmaš | kaparaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaparaə̑n ulmaš | kaparaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaparaə̑nna ulmaš | kaparaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaparaə̑nda ulmaš | kaparaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaparaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kaparaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kapara | it kapara |
| 3SG: | kaparaže | ə̑nže kapara |
| 1PL: | (kaparaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kapara) |
| 2PL: | kaparaza | ida kapara |
| 3PL: | kaparašt | ə̑nə̑št kapara |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaparanem | ə̑nem kapara |
| 2SG: | kaparanet | ə̑net kapara |
| 3SG: | kaparaneže | ə̑než kapara |
| 1PL: | kaparanena | ə̑nena kapara |
| 2PL: | kaparaneda | ə̑neda kapara |
| 3PL: | kaparanešt | ə̑nešt kapara |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kaparanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kapara ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaparanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kapara ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaparaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kapara ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaparanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kapara ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaparaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kapara ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaparanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kapara ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaparanet ulmaš | ə̑net kapara ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaparaneže ulmaš | ə̑než kapara ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kaparaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kapara ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaparanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kapara ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kaparaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kaparaman |
| Active participle: | kaparaše |
| Passive participle: | kaparame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kaparašaš |
| Negative participle: | kaparadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kaparaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kaparade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kaparamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kaparameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kaparašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kaparamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kaparadə̑maš |
