Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kargem | om karge |
2SG: | karget | ot karge |
3SG: | karga | ok/ogeš karge |
1PL: | kargena | ona/ogə̑na karge |
2PL: | kargeda | oda/ogə̑da karge |
3PL: | kargat | ogə̑t karge |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kargə̑šə̑m | šə̑m karge |
2SG: | kargə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ karge |
3SG: | kargə̑š | ə̑š karge |
1PL: | kargə̑šna | ə̑šna karge |
2PL: | kargə̑šda | ə̑šda karge |
3PL: | kargə̑št | ə̑št karge |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kargenam | kargen omə̑l |
2SG: | kargenat | kargen otə̑l |
3SG: | kargen | kargen ogə̑l |
1PL: | kargenna | kargen onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | kargenda | kargen odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | kargenə̑t | kargen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kargem ə̑l'e | om karge ə̑l'e |
2SG: | karget ə̑l'e | ot karge ə̑l'e |
3SG: | karga ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš karge ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kargena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na karge ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kargeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da karge ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kargat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t karge ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kargem ulmaš | om karge ulmaš |
2SG: | karget ulmaš | ot karge ulmaš |
3SG: | karga ulmaš | ok/ogeš karge ulmaš |
1PL: | kargena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na karge ulmaš |
2PL: | kargeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da karge ulmaš |
3PL: | kargat ulmaš | ogə̑t karge ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kargenam ə̑l'e | kargen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kargenat ə̑l'e | kargen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kargen ə̑l'e | kargen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kargenna ə̑l'e | kargen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kargenda ə̑l'e | kargen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kargen ə̑l'e | kargen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kargenam ulmaš | kargen omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | kargenat ulmaš | kargen otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | kargen ulmaš | kargen ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | kargenna ulmaš | kargen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | kargenda ulmaš | kargen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | kargen ulmaš | kargen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | karge | it karge |
3SG: | kargə̑že | ə̑nže karge |
1PL: | (kargena) | (ona/ogə̑na karge) |
2PL: | kargə̑za | ida karge |
3PL: | kargə̑št | ə̑nə̑št karge |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kargə̑nem | ə̑nem karge |
2SG: | kargə̑net | ə̑net karge |
3SG: | kargə̑neže | ə̑než karge |
1PL: | kargə̑nena | ə̑nena karge |
2PL: | kargə̑neda | ə̑neda karge |
3PL: | kargə̑nešt | ə̑nešt karge |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kargə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem karge ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kargə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net karge ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kargə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než karge ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kargə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena karge ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kargə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda karge ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kargə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt karge ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kargə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net karge ulmaš |
3SG: | kargə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než karge ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | kargə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda karge ulmaš |
3PL: | kargə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt karge ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | kargaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | kargə̑man |
Active participle: | kargə̑še |
Passive participle: | kargə̑me |
Future-necessitive participle: | kargə̑šaš |
Negative participle: | kargə̑də̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | kargen |
Negative gerund: | kargə̑de |
Gerund of prior action: | kargə̑mek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | kargə̑meš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | kargə̑šə̑la |
Nominalization: | kargə̑maš |
Negative nominalization: | kargə̑də̑maš |