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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | karu |
Genitive: | karun |
Dative: | karulan |
Accusative: | karum |
Comparative: | karula |
Comitative: | karuge |
Inessive: | karuʃto |
Illative: | karuʃ(ko) |
Lative: | karueʃ |
1SG: | karuem |
2SG: | karuet |
3SG: | karuʒ(o) |
1PL: | karuna |
2PL: | karuda |
3PL: | karuʃt |
Plural (1): | karu-βlak |
Plural (2): | karu-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | karula |
Sociative Plural: | karumət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | karuem | karu-βlak | karu-βlakem, karuem-βlak |
Genitive: | karuemən | karu-βlakən | karu-βlakemən, karuem-βlakən |
Dative: | karuemlan, karulanem | karu-βlaklan | karu-βlakemlan, karuem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | karueməm | karu-βlakəm | karu-βlakeməm, karuem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | karuemla, karulam | karu-βlakla | karu-βlakemla, karuem-βlakla |
Comitative: | karuemge | karu-βlakge | karu-βlakemge, karuem-βlakge |
Inessive: | karuʃtem | karu-βlakəʃte | karu-βlakəʃtem, karuem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | karuʃkem | karu-βlakəʃ(ke) | karu-βlakəʃkem, karuem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | karueʃem | karu-βlakeʃ | karu-βlakeʃem, karuem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |