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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | karʃ |
Genitive: | karʃən |
Dative: | karʃlan |
Accusative: | karʃəm |
Comparative: | karʃla |
Comitative: | karʃge |
Inessive: | karʃəʃte |
Illative: | karʃəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | karʃeʃ |
1SG: | karʃem |
2SG: | karʃet |
3SG: | karʃːe, karʃəʒ(e) |
1PL: | karʃna |
2PL: | karʃda |
3PL: | karʃəʃt |
Plural (1): | karʃ-βlak |
Plural (2): | karʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | karʃla |
Sociative Plural: | karʃmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | karʃem | karʃ-βlak | karʃ-βlakem, karʃem-βlak |
Genitive: | karʃemən | karʃ-βlakən | karʃ-βlakemən, karʃem-βlakən |
Dative: | karʃemlan, karʃlanem | karʃ-βlaklan | karʃ-βlakemlan, karʃem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | karʃeməm | karʃ-βlakəm | karʃ-βlakeməm, karʃem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | karʃemla, karʃlam | karʃ-βlakla | karʃ-βlakemla, karʃem-βlakla |
Comitative: | karʃemge | karʃ-βlakge | karʃ-βlakemge, karʃem-βlakge |
Inessive: | karʃəʃtem | karʃ-βlakəʃte | karʃ-βlakəʃtem, karʃem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | karʃəʃkem | karʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | karʃ-βlakəʃkem, karʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | karʃeʃem | karʃ-βlakeʃ | karʃ-βlakeʃem, karʃem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |