Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kauskem | om kausko |
2SG: | kausket | ot kausko |
3SG: | kauska | ok/ogeš kausko |
1PL: | kauskena | ona/ogə̑na kausko |
2PL: | kauskeda | oda/ogə̑da kausko |
3PL: | kauskat | ogə̑t kausko |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kauskə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kausko |
2SG: | kauskə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kausko |
3SG: | kauskə̑š | ə̑š kausko |
1PL: | kauskə̑šna | ə̑šna kausko |
2PL: | kauskə̑šda | ə̑šda kausko |
3PL: | kauskə̑št | ə̑št kausko |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kauskenam | kausken omə̑l |
2SG: | kauskenat | kausken otə̑l |
3SG: | kausken | kausken ogə̑l |
1PL: | kauskenna | kausken onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | kauskenda | kausken odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | kauskenə̑t | kausken ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kauskem ə̑l'e | om kausko ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kausket ə̑l'e | ot kausko ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kauska ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kausko ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kauskena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kausko ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kauskeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kausko ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kauskat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kausko ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kauskem ulmaš | om kausko ulmaš |
2SG: | kausket ulmaš | ot kausko ulmaš |
3SG: | kauska ulmaš | ok/ogeš kausko ulmaš |
1PL: | kauskena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kausko ulmaš |
2PL: | kauskeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kausko ulmaš |
3PL: | kauskat ulmaš | ogə̑t kausko ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kauskenam ə̑l'e | kausken omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kauskenat ə̑l'e | kausken otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kausken ə̑l'e | kausken ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kauskenna ə̑l'e | kausken onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kauskenda ə̑l'e | kausken odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kausken ə̑l'e | kausken ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kauskenam ulmaš | kausken omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | kauskenat ulmaš | kausken otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | kausken ulmaš | kausken ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | kauskenna ulmaš | kausken onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | kauskenda ulmaš | kausken odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | kausken ulmaš | kausken ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kausko | it kausko |
3SG: | kauskə̑žo | ə̑nže kausko |
1PL: | (kauskena) | (ona/ogə̑na kausko) |
2PL: | kauskə̑za | ida kausko |
3PL: | kauskə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kausko |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kauskə̑nem | ə̑nem kausko |
2SG: | kauskə̑net | ə̑net kausko |
3SG: | kauskə̑neže | ə̑než kausko |
1PL: | kauskə̑nena | ə̑nena kausko |
2PL: | kauskə̑neda | ə̑neda kausko |
3PL: | kauskə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kausko |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kauskə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kausko ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kauskə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kausko ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kauskə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kausko ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kauskə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kausko ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kauskə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kausko ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kauskə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kausko ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kauskə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kausko ulmaš |
3SG: | kauskə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kausko ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | kauskə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kausko ulmaš |
3PL: | kauskə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kausko ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | kauskaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | kauskə̑man |
Active participle: | kauskə̑šo |
Passive participle: | kauskə̑mo |
Future-necessitive participle: | kauskə̑šaš |
Negative participle: | kauskə̑də̑mo |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | kausken |
Negative gerund: | kauskə̑de |
Gerund of prior action: | kauskə̑mek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | kauskə̑meš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | kauskə̑šə̑la |
Nominalization: | kauskə̑maš |
Negative nominalization: | kauskə̑də̑maš |