Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaʃkagutkem | om kaʃkagutko |
2SG: | kaʃkagutket | ot kaʃkagutko |
3SG: | kaʃkagutka | ok/ogeʃ kaʃkagutko |
1PL: | kaʃkagutkena | ona/ogəna kaʃkagutko |
2PL: | kaʃkagutkeda | oda/ogəda kaʃkagutko |
3PL: | kaʃkagutkat | ogət kaʃkagutko |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaʃkagutkəʃəm | ʃəm kaʃkagutko |
2SG: | kaʃkagutkəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ kaʃkagutko |
3SG: | kaʃkagutkəʃ | əʃ kaʃkagutko |
1PL: | kaʃkagutkəʃna | əʃna kaʃkagutko |
2PL: | kaʃkagutkəʃda | əʃda kaʃkagutko |
3PL: | kaʃkagutkəʃt | əʃt kaʃkagutko |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaʃkagutkenam | kaʃkagutken oməl |
2SG: | kaʃkagutkenat | kaʃkagutken otəl |
3SG: | kaʃkagutken | kaʃkagutken ogəl |
1PL: | kaʃkagutkenːa | kaʃkagutken onal/ogənal |
2PL: | kaʃkagutkenda | kaʃkagutken odal/ogədal |
3PL: | kaʃkagutkenət | kaʃkagutken ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaʃkagutkem əʎe | om kaʃkagutko əʎe |
2SG: | kaʃkagutket əʎe | ot kaʃkagutko əʎe |
3SG: | kaʃkagutka əʎe | ok/ogeʃ kaʃkagutko əʎe |
1PL: | kaʃkagutkena əʎe | ona/ogəna kaʃkagutko əʎe |
2PL: | kaʃkagutkeda əʎe | oda/ogəda kaʃkagutko əʎe |
3PL: | kaʃkagutkat əʎe | ogət kaʃkagutko əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaʃkagutkem ulmaʃ | om kaʃkagutko ulmaʃ |
2SG: | kaʃkagutket ulmaʃ | ot kaʃkagutko ulmaʃ |
3SG: | kaʃkagutka ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ kaʃkagutko ulmaʃ |
1PL: | kaʃkagutkena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna kaʃkagutko ulmaʃ |
2PL: | kaʃkagutkeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda kaʃkagutko ulmaʃ |
3PL: | kaʃkagutkat ulmaʃ | ogət kaʃkagutko ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaʃkagutkenam əʎe | kaʃkagutken oməl əʎe |
2SG: | kaʃkagutkenat əʎe | kaʃkagutken otəl əʎe |
3SG: | kaʃkagutken əʎe | kaʃkagutken ogəl əʎe |
1PL: | kaʃkagutkenːa əʎe | kaʃkagutken onal/ogənal əʎe |
2PL: | kaʃkagutkenda əʎe | kaʃkagutken odal/ogədal əʎe |
3PL: | kaʃkagutken əʎe | kaʃkagutken ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaʃkagutkenam ulmaʃ | kaʃkagutken oməl ulmaʃ |
2SG: | kaʃkagutkenat ulmaʃ | kaʃkagutken otəl ulmaʃ |
3SG: | kaʃkagutken ulmaʃ | kaʃkagutken ogəl ulmaʃ |
1PL: | kaʃkagutkenːa ulmaʃ | kaʃkagutken onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
2PL: | kaʃkagutkenda ulmaʃ | kaʃkagutken odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
3PL: | kaʃkagutken ulmaʃ | kaʃkagutken ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kaʃkagutko | it kaʃkagutko |
3SG: | kaʃkagutkəʒo | ənʒe kaʃkagutko |
1PL: | (kaʃkagutkena) | (ona/ogəna kaʃkagutko) |
2PL: | kaʃkagutkəza | ida kaʃkagutko |
3PL: | kaʃkagutkəʃt | ənəʃt kaʃkagutko |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaʃkagutkənem | ənem kaʃkagutko |
2SG: | kaʃkagutkənet | ənet kaʃkagutko |
3SG: | kaʃkagutkəneʒe | əneʒ kaʃkagutko |
1PL: | kaʃkagutkənena | ənena kaʃkagutko |
2PL: | kaʃkagutkəneda | əneda kaʃkagutko |
3PL: | kaʃkagutkəneʃt | əneʃt kaʃkagutko |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kaʃkagutkənem əʎe | ənem kaʃkagutko əʎe |
2SG: | kaʃkagutkənena əʎe | ənet kaʃkagutko əʎe |
3SG: | kaʃkagutkəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ kaʃkagutko əʎe |
1PL: | kaʃkagutkənena əʎe | ənena kaʃkagutko əʎe |
2PL: | kaʃkagutkəneda əʎe | əneda kaʃkagutko əʎe |
3PL: | kaʃkagutkəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt kaʃkagutko əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kaʃkagutkənet ulmaʃ | ənet kaʃkagutko ulmaʃ |
3SG: | kaʃkagutkəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ kaʃkagutko ulmaʃ |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | kaʃkagutkəneda ulmaʃ | əneda kaʃkagutko ulmaʃ |
3PL: | kaʃkagutkəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt kaʃkagutko ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | kaʃkagutkaʃ |
Necessitive infinitive: | kaʃkagutkəman |
Active participle: | kaʃkagutkəʃo |
Passive participle: | kaʃkagutkəmo |
Future-necessitive participle: | kaʃkagutkəʃaʃ |
Negative participle: | kaʃkagutkədəmo |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | kaʃkagutken |
Negative gerund: | kaʃkagutkəde |
Gerund of prior action: | kaʃkagutkəmek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | kaʃkagutkəmeʃ(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | kaʃkagutkəʃəla |
Nominalization: | kaʃkagutkəmaʃ |
Negative nominalization: | kaʃkagutkədəmaʃ |