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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | kaŋaʃan |
Genitive: | kaŋaʃanən |
Dative: | kaŋaʃanlan |
Accusative: | kaŋaʃanəm |
Comparative: | kaŋaʃanla |
Comitative: | kaŋaʃange |
Inessive: | kaŋaʃanəʃte |
Illative: | kaŋaʃanəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kaŋaʃaneʃ |
1SG: | kaŋaʃanem |
2SG: | kaŋaʃanet |
3SG: | kaŋaʃanʒe |
1PL: | kaŋaʃanːa |
2PL: | kaŋaʃanda |
3PL: | kaŋaʃanəʃt |
Plural (1): | kaŋaʃan-βlak |
Plural (2): | kaŋaʃan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | kaŋaʃanla |
Sociative Plural: | kaŋaʃanmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | kaŋaʃanem | kaŋaʃan-βlak | kaŋaʃan-βlakem, kaŋaʃanem-βlak |
Genitive: | kaŋaʃanemən | kaŋaʃan-βlakən | kaŋaʃan-βlakemən, kaŋaʃanem-βlakən |
Dative: | kaŋaʃanemlan, kaŋaʃanlanem | kaŋaʃan-βlaklan | kaŋaʃan-βlakemlan, kaŋaʃanem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | kaŋaʃaneməm | kaŋaʃan-βlakəm | kaŋaʃan-βlakeməm, kaŋaʃanem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | kaŋaʃanemla, kaŋaʃanlam | kaŋaʃan-βlakla | kaŋaʃan-βlakemla, kaŋaʃanem-βlakla |
Comitative: | kaŋaʃanemge | kaŋaʃan-βlakge | kaŋaʃan-βlakemge, kaŋaʃanem-βlakge |
Inessive: | kaŋaʃanəʃtem | kaŋaʃan-βlakəʃte | kaŋaʃan-βlakəʃtem, kaŋaʃanem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | kaŋaʃanəʃkem | kaŋaʃan-βlakəʃ(ke) | kaŋaʃan-βlakəʃkem, kaŋaʃanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kaŋaʃaneʃem | kaŋaʃan-βlakeʃ | kaŋaʃan-βlakeʃem, kaŋaʃanem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |