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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | kaləp |
Genitive: | kaləpən |
Dative: | kaləplan |
Accusative: | kaləpəm |
Comparative: | kaləpla |
Comitative: | kaləpge |
Inessive: | kaləpəʃte |
Illative: | kaləpəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kaləpeʃ |
1SG: | kaləpem |
2SG: | kaləpet |
3SG: | kaləpʃe |
1PL: | kaləpna |
2PL: | kaləpda |
3PL: | kaləpəʃt |
Plural (1): | kaləp-βlak |
Plural (2): | kaləp-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | kaləpla |
Sociative Plural: | kaləpmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | kaləpem | kaləp-βlak | kaləp-βlakem, kaləpem-βlak |
Genitive: | kaləpemən | kaləp-βlakən | kaləp-βlakemən, kaləpem-βlakən |
Dative: | kaləpemlan, kaləplanem | kaləp-βlaklan | kaləp-βlakemlan, kaləpem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | kaləpeməm | kaləp-βlakəm | kaləp-βlakeməm, kaləpem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | kaləpemla, kaləplam | kaləp-βlakla | kaləp-βlakemla, kaləpem-βlakla |
Comitative: | kaləpemge | kaləp-βlakge | kaləp-βlakemge, kaləpem-βlakge |
Inessive: | kaləpəʃtem | kaləp-βlakəʃte | kaləp-βlakəʃtem, kaləpem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | kaləpəʃkem | kaləp-βlakəʃ(ke) | kaləp-βlakəʃkem, kaləpem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kaləpeʃem | kaləp-βlakeʃ | kaləp-βlakeʃem, kaləpem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |