Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kelam | om kela |
2SG: | kelat | ot kela |
3SG: | kelaš | ok/ogeš kela |
1PL: | kelaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kela |
2PL: | kelaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kela |
3PL: | kelaə̑t | ogə̑t kela |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kelaə̑m | šə̑m kela |
2SG: | kelaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kela |
3SG: | kelaje | ə̑š kela |
1PL: | kelana | ə̑šna kela |
2PL: | kelada | ə̑šda kela |
3PL: | kelaə̑č́ | ə̑št kela |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kelaə̑nam | kelaə̑n omə̑l |
2SG: | kelaə̑nat | kelaə̑n otə̑l |
3SG: | kelaə̑n | kelaə̑n ogə̑l |
1PL: | kelaə̑nna | kelaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | kelaə̑nda | kelaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | kelaə̑nə̑t | kelaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kelam ə̑l'e | om kela ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kelat ə̑l'e | ot kela ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kelaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kela ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kelaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kela ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kelaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kela ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kelaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kela ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kelam ulmaš | om kela ulmaš |
2SG: | kelat ulmaš | ot kela ulmaš |
3SG: | kelaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kela ulmaš |
1PL: | kelaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kela ulmaš |
2PL: | kelaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kela ulmaš |
3PL: | kelaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kela ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kelaə̑nam ə̑l'e | kelaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kelaə̑nat ə̑l'e | kelaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kelaə̑n ə̑l'e | kelaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kelaə̑nna ə̑l'e | kelaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kelaə̑nda ə̑l'e | kelaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kelaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kelaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kelaə̑nam ulmaš | kelaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | kelaə̑nat ulmaš | kelaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | kelaə̑n ulmaš | kelaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | kelaə̑nna ulmaš | kelaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | kelaə̑nda ulmaš | kelaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | kelaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kelaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kela | it kela |
3SG: | kelaže | ə̑nže kela |
1PL: | (kelaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kela) |
2PL: | kelaza | ida kela |
3PL: | kelašt | ə̑nə̑št kela |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kelanem | ə̑nem kela |
2SG: | kelanet | ə̑net kela |
3SG: | kelaneže | ə̑než kela |
1PL: | kelanena | ə̑nena kela |
2PL: | kelaneda | ə̑neda kela |
3PL: | kelanešt | ə̑nešt kela |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kelanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kela ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kelanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kela ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kelaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kela ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kelanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kela ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kelaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kela ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kelanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kela ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kelanet ulmaš | ə̑net kela ulmaš |
3SG: | kelaneže ulmaš | ə̑než kela ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | kelaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kela ulmaš |
3PL: | kelanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kela ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | kelaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | kelaman |
Active participle: | kelaše |
Passive participle: | kelame |
Future-necessitive participle: | kelašaš |
Negative participle: | keladə̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | kelaə̑n |
Negative gerund: | kelade |
Gerund of prior action: | kelamek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | kelameš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | kelašə̑la |
Nominalization: | kelamaš |
Negative nominalization: | keladə̑maš |