Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβam | om koβa |
2SG: | koβat | ot koβa |
3SG: | koβaš | ok/ogeš koβa |
1PL: | koβaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na koβa |
2PL: | koβaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da koβa |
3PL: | koβaə̑t | ogə̑t koβa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβaə̑m | šə̑m koβa |
2SG: | koβaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ koβa |
3SG: | koβaje | ə̑š koβa |
1PL: | koβana | ə̑šna koβa |
2PL: | koβada | ə̑šda koβa |
3PL: | koβaə̑č́ | ə̑št koβa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβaə̑nam | koβaə̑n omə̑l |
2SG: | koβaə̑nat | koβaə̑n otə̑l |
3SG: | koβaə̑n | koβaə̑n ogə̑l |
1PL: | koβaə̑nna | koβaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | koβaə̑nda | koβaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | koβaə̑nə̑t | koβaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβam ə̑l'e | om koβa ə̑l'e |
2SG: | koβat ə̑l'e | ot koβa ə̑l'e |
3SG: | koβaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš koβa ə̑l'e |
1PL: | koβaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na koβa ə̑l'e |
2PL: | koβaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da koβa ə̑l'e |
3PL: | koβaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t koβa ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβam ulmaš | om koβa ulmaš |
2SG: | koβat ulmaš | ot koβa ulmaš |
3SG: | koβaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš koβa ulmaš |
1PL: | koβaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na koβa ulmaš |
2PL: | koβaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da koβa ulmaš |
3PL: | koβaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t koβa ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβaə̑nam ə̑l'e | koβaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | koβaə̑nat ə̑l'e | koβaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | koβaə̑n ə̑l'e | koβaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | koβaə̑nna ə̑l'e | koβaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | koβaə̑nda ə̑l'e | koβaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | koβaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | koβaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβaə̑nam ulmaš | koβaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | koβaə̑nat ulmaš | koβaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | koβaə̑n ulmaš | koβaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | koβaə̑nna ulmaš | koβaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | koβaə̑nda ulmaš | koβaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | koβaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | koβaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | koβa | it koβa |
3SG: | koβaže | ə̑nže koβa |
1PL: | (koβaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na koβa) |
2PL: | koβaza | ida koβa |
3PL: | koβašt | ə̑nə̑št koβa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβanem | ə̑nem koβa |
2SG: | koβanet | ə̑net koβa |
3SG: | koβaneže | ə̑než koβa |
1PL: | koβanena | ə̑nena koβa |
2PL: | koβaneda | ə̑neda koβa |
3PL: | koβanešt | ə̑nešt koβa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koβanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem koβa ə̑l'e |
2SG: | koβanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net koβa ə̑l'e |
3SG: | koβaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než koβa ə̑l'e |
1PL: | koβanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena koβa ə̑l'e |
2PL: | koβaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda koβa ə̑l'e |
3PL: | koβanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt koβa ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | koβanet ulmaš | ə̑net koβa ulmaš |
3SG: | koβaneže ulmaš | ə̑než koβa ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | koβaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda koβa ulmaš |
3PL: | koβanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt koβa ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | koβaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | koβaman |
Active participle: | koβaše |
Passive participle: | koβame |
Future-necessitive participle: | koβašaš |
Negative participle: | koβadə̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | koβaə̑n |
Negative gerund: | koβade |
Gerund of prior action: | koβamek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | koβameš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | koβašə̑la |
Nominalization: | koβamaš |
Negative nominalization: | koβadə̑maš |