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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | kosa |
Genitive: | kosan |
Dative: | kosalan |
Accusative: | kosam |
Comparative: | kosala |
Comitative: | kosage |
Inessive: | kosašte |
Illative: | kosaš(ke) |
Lative: | kosaš |
1SG: | kosam |
2SG: | kosat |
3SG: | kosaž(e) |
1PL: | kosana |
2PL: | kosada |
3PL: | kosašt |
Plural (1): | kosa-βlak |
Plural (2): | kosa-šamə̑č́ |
Short Plural: | kosala |
Sociative Plural: | kosamə̑t |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | kosam | kosa-βlak | kosa-βlakem, kosam-βlak |
Genitive: | kosamə̑n | kosa-βlakə̑n | kosa-βlakemə̑n, kosam-βlakə̑n |
Dative: | kosamlan, kosalanem | kosa-βlaklan | kosa-βlakemlan, kosam-βlaklan |
Accusative: | kosamə̑m | kosa-βlakə̑m | kosa-βlakemə̑m, kosam-βlakə̑m |
Comparative: | kosamla, kosalam | kosa-βlakla | kosa-βlakemla, kosam-βlakla |
Comitative: | kosamge | kosa-βlakge | kosa-βlakemge, kosam-βlakge |
Inessive: | kosaštem | kosa-βlakə̑šte | kosa-βlakə̑štem, kosam-βlakə̑šte |
Illative: | kosaškem | kosa-βlakə̑š(ke) | kosa-βlakə̑škem, kosam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | kosašem | kosa-βlakeš | kosa-βlakešem, kosam-βlakeš |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |