Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koʃuʎem | om koʃuʎo |
2SG: | koʃuʎet | ot koʃuʎo |
3SG: | koʃuʎa | ok/ogeʃ koʃuʎo |
1PL: | koʃuʎena | ona/ogəna koʃuʎo |
2PL: | koʃuʎeda | oda/ogəda koʃuʎo |
3PL: | koʃuʎat | ogət koʃuʎo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koʃuʎəʃəm | ʃəm koʃuʎo |
2SG: | koʃuʎəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ koʃuʎo |
3SG: | koʃuʎəʃ | əʃ koʃuʎo |
1PL: | koʃuʎəʃna | əʃna koʃuʎo |
2PL: | koʃuʎəʃda | əʃda koʃuʎo |
3PL: | koʃuʎəʃt | əʃt koʃuʎo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koʃuʎenam | koʃuʎen oməl |
2SG: | koʃuʎenat | koʃuʎen otəl |
3SG: | koʃuʎen | koʃuʎen ogəl |
1PL: | koʃuʎenːa | koʃuʎen onal/ogənal |
2PL: | koʃuʎenda | koʃuʎen odal/ogədal |
3PL: | koʃuʎenət | koʃuʎen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koʃuʎem əʎe | om koʃuʎo əʎe |
2SG: | koʃuʎet əʎe | ot koʃuʎo əʎe |
3SG: | koʃuʎa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ koʃuʎo əʎe |
1PL: | koʃuʎena əʎe | ona/ogəna koʃuʎo əʎe |
2PL: | koʃuʎeda əʎe | oda/ogəda koʃuʎo əʎe |
3PL: | koʃuʎat əʎe | ogət koʃuʎo əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koʃuʎem ulmaʃ | om koʃuʎo ulmaʃ |
2SG: | koʃuʎet ulmaʃ | ot koʃuʎo ulmaʃ |
3SG: | koʃuʎa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ koʃuʎo ulmaʃ |
1PL: | koʃuʎena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna koʃuʎo ulmaʃ |
2PL: | koʃuʎeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda koʃuʎo ulmaʃ |
3PL: | koʃuʎat ulmaʃ | ogət koʃuʎo ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koʃuʎenam əʎe | koʃuʎen oməl əʎe |
2SG: | koʃuʎenat əʎe | koʃuʎen otəl əʎe |
3SG: | koʃuʎen əʎe | koʃuʎen ogəl əʎe |
1PL: | koʃuʎenːa əʎe | koʃuʎen onal/ogənal əʎe |
2PL: | koʃuʎenda əʎe | koʃuʎen odal/ogədal əʎe |
3PL: | koʃuʎen əʎe | koʃuʎen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koʃuʎenam ulmaʃ | koʃuʎen oməl ulmaʃ |
2SG: | koʃuʎenat ulmaʃ | koʃuʎen otəl ulmaʃ |
3SG: | koʃuʎen ulmaʃ | koʃuʎen ogəl ulmaʃ |
1PL: | koʃuʎenːa ulmaʃ | koʃuʎen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
2PL: | koʃuʎenda ulmaʃ | koʃuʎen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
3PL: | koʃuʎen ulmaʃ | koʃuʎen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | koʃuʎo | it koʃuʎo |
3SG: | koʃuʎəʒo | ənʒe koʃuʎo |
1PL: | (koʃuʎena) | (ona/ogəna koʃuʎo) |
2PL: | koʃuʎəza | ida koʃuʎo |
3PL: | koʃuʎəʃt | ənəʃt koʃuʎo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koʃuʎənem | ənem koʃuʎo |
2SG: | koʃuʎənet | ənet koʃuʎo |
3SG: | koʃuʎəneʒe | əneʒ koʃuʎo |
1PL: | koʃuʎənena | ənena koʃuʎo |
2PL: | koʃuʎəneda | əneda koʃuʎo |
3PL: | koʃuʎəneʃt | əneʃt koʃuʎo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koʃuʎənem əʎe | ənem koʃuʎo əʎe |
2SG: | koʃuʎənena əʎe | ənet koʃuʎo əʎe |
3SG: | koʃuʎəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ koʃuʎo əʎe |
1PL: | koʃuʎənena əʎe | ənena koʃuʎo əʎe |
2PL: | koʃuʎəneda əʎe | əneda koʃuʎo əʎe |
3PL: | koʃuʎəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt koʃuʎo əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | koʃuʎənet ulmaʃ | ənet koʃuʎo ulmaʃ |
3SG: | koʃuʎəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ koʃuʎo ulmaʃ |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | koʃuʎəneda ulmaʃ | əneda koʃuʎo ulmaʃ |
3PL: | koʃuʎəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt koʃuʎo ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | koʃuʎaʃ |
Necessitive infinitive: | koʃuʎəman |
Active participle: | koʃuʎəʃo |
Passive participle: | koʃuʎəmo |
Future-necessitive participle: | koʃuʎəʃaʃ |
Negative participle: | koʃuʎədəmo |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | koʃuʎen |
Negative gerund: | koʃuʎəde |
Gerund of prior action: | koʃuʎəmek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | koʃuʎəmeʃ(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | koʃuʎəʃəla |
Nominalization: | koʃuʎəmaʃ |
Negative nominalization: | koʃuʎədəmaʃ |