Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgalukam | om koŋgaluk |
2SG: | koŋgalukat | ot koŋgaluk |
3SG: | koŋgalukeš | ok/ogeš koŋgaluk |
1PL: | koŋgalukə̑na | ona/ogə̑na koŋgaluk |
2PL: | koŋgalukə̑da | oda/ogə̑da koŋgaluk |
3PL: | koŋgalukə̑t | ogə̑t koŋgaluk |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgalukə̑m | šə̑m koŋgaluk |
2SG: | koŋgalukə̑č́ | šə̑č́ koŋgaluk |
3SG: | koŋgaluko | ə̑š koŋgaluk |
1PL: | koŋgalukna | ə̑šna koŋgaluk |
2PL: | koŋgalukda | ə̑šda koŋgaluk |
3PL: | koŋgalukə̑č́ | ə̑št koŋgaluk |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgalukə̑nam | koŋgalukə̑n omə̑l |
2SG: | koŋgalukə̑nat | koŋgalukə̑n otə̑l |
3SG: | koŋgalukə̑n | koŋgalukə̑n ogə̑l |
1PL: | koŋgalukə̑nna | koŋgalukə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | koŋgalukə̑nda | koŋgalukə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | koŋgalukə̑nə̑t | koŋgalukə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgalukam ə̑l'e | om koŋgaluk ə̑l'e |
2SG: | koŋgalukat ə̑l'e | ot koŋgaluk ə̑l'e |
3SG: | koŋgalukeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš koŋgaluk ə̑l'e |
1PL: | koŋgalukə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na koŋgaluk ə̑l'e |
2PL: | koŋgalukə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da koŋgaluk ə̑l'e |
3PL: | koŋgalukə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t koŋgaluk ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgalukam ulmaš | om koŋgaluk ulmaš |
2SG: | koŋgalukat ulmaš | ot koŋgaluk ulmaš |
3SG: | koŋgalukeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš koŋgaluk ulmaš |
1PL: | koŋgalukə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na koŋgaluk ulmaš |
2PL: | koŋgalukə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da koŋgaluk ulmaš |
3PL: | koŋgalukə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t koŋgaluk ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgalukə̑nam ə̑l'e | koŋgalukə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | koŋgalukə̑nat ə̑l'e | koŋgalukə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | koŋgalukə̑n ə̑l'e | koŋgalukə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | koŋgalukə̑nna ə̑l'e | koŋgalukə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | koŋgalukə̑nda ə̑l'e | koŋgalukə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | koŋgalukə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | koŋgalukə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgalukə̑nam ulmaš | koŋgalukə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | koŋgalukə̑nat ulmaš | koŋgalukə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | koŋgalukə̑n ulmaš | koŋgalukə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | koŋgalukə̑nna ulmaš | koŋgalukə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | koŋgalukə̑nda ulmaš | koŋgalukə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | koŋgalukə̑nə̑t ulmaš | koŋgalukə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | koŋgaluk | it koŋgaluk |
3SG: | koŋgalukšo | ə̑nže koŋgaluk |
1PL: | (koŋgalukə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na koŋgaluk) |
2PL: | koŋgaluksa | ida koŋgaluk |
3PL: | koŋgalukə̑št | ə̑nə̑št koŋgaluk |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgaluknem | ə̑nem koŋgaluk |
2SG: | koŋgaluknet | ə̑net koŋgaluk |
3SG: | koŋgalukneže | ə̑než koŋgaluk |
1PL: | koŋgaluknena | ə̑nena koŋgaluk |
2PL: | koŋgalukneda | ə̑neda koŋgaluk |
3PL: | koŋgaluknešt | ə̑nešt koŋgaluk |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgaluknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem koŋgaluk ə̑l'e |
2SG: | koŋgaluknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net koŋgaluk ə̑l'e |
3SG: | koŋgalukneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než koŋgaluk ə̑l'e |
1PL: | koŋgaluknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena koŋgaluk ə̑l'e |
2PL: | koŋgalukneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda koŋgaluk ə̑l'e |
3PL: | koŋgaluknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt koŋgaluk ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | koŋgaluknet ulmaš | ə̑net koŋgaluk ulmaš |
3SG: | koŋgalukneže ulmaš | ə̑než koŋgaluk ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | koŋgalukneda ulmaš | ə̑neda koŋgaluk ulmaš |
3PL: | koŋgaluknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt koŋgaluk ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | koŋgalukaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | koŋgalukman |
Active participle: | koŋgalukšo |
Passive participle: | koŋgalukmo |
Future-necessitive participle: | koŋgalukšaš |
Negative participle: | koŋgalukdə̑mo |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | koŋgalukə̑n |
Negative gerund: | koŋgalukde |
Gerund of prior action: | koŋgalukmek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | koŋgalukmeš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | koŋgalukšə̑la |
Nominalization: | koŋgalukmaš |
Negative nominalization: | koŋgalukdə̑maš |