Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgamaskam | om koŋgamaska |
2SG: | koŋgamaskat | ot koŋgamaska |
3SG: | koŋgamaskaš | ok/ogeš koŋgamaska |
1PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na koŋgamaska |
2PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da koŋgamaska |
3PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑t | ogə̑t koŋgamaska |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgamaskaə̑m | šə̑m koŋgamaska |
2SG: | koŋgamaskaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ koŋgamaska |
3SG: | koŋgamaskaje | ə̑š koŋgamaska |
1PL: | koŋgamaskana | ə̑šna koŋgamaska |
2PL: | koŋgamaskada | ə̑šda koŋgamaska |
3PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑č́ | ə̑št koŋgamaska |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgamaskaə̑nam | koŋgamaskaə̑n omə̑l |
2SG: | koŋgamaskaə̑nat | koŋgamaskaə̑n otə̑l |
3SG: | koŋgamaskaə̑n | koŋgamaskaə̑n ogə̑l |
1PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑nna | koŋgamaskaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑nda | koŋgamaskaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑nə̑t | koŋgamaskaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgamaskam ə̑l'e | om koŋgamaska ə̑l'e |
2SG: | koŋgamaskat ə̑l'e | ot koŋgamaska ə̑l'e |
3SG: | koŋgamaskaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš koŋgamaska ə̑l'e |
1PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na koŋgamaska ə̑l'e |
2PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da koŋgamaska ə̑l'e |
3PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t koŋgamaska ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgamaskam ulmaš | om koŋgamaska ulmaš |
2SG: | koŋgamaskat ulmaš | ot koŋgamaska ulmaš |
3SG: | koŋgamaskaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš koŋgamaska ulmaš |
1PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na koŋgamaska ulmaš |
2PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da koŋgamaska ulmaš |
3PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t koŋgamaska ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgamaskaə̑nam ə̑l'e | koŋgamaskaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | koŋgamaskaə̑nat ə̑l'e | koŋgamaskaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | koŋgamaskaə̑n ə̑l'e | koŋgamaskaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑nna ə̑l'e | koŋgamaskaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑nda ə̑l'e | koŋgamaskaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | koŋgamaskaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgamaskaə̑nam ulmaš | koŋgamaskaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | koŋgamaskaə̑nat ulmaš | koŋgamaskaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | koŋgamaskaə̑n ulmaš | koŋgamaskaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑nna ulmaš | koŋgamaskaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑nda ulmaš | koŋgamaskaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | koŋgamaskaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | koŋgamaskaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | koŋgamaska | it koŋgamaska |
3SG: | koŋgamaskaže | ə̑nže koŋgamaska |
1PL: | (koŋgamaskaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na koŋgamaska) |
2PL: | koŋgamaskaza | ida koŋgamaska |
3PL: | koŋgamaskašt | ə̑nə̑št koŋgamaska |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgamaskanem | ə̑nem koŋgamaska |
2SG: | koŋgamaskanet | ə̑net koŋgamaska |
3SG: | koŋgamaskaneže | ə̑než koŋgamaska |
1PL: | koŋgamaskanena | ə̑nena koŋgamaska |
2PL: | koŋgamaskaneda | ə̑neda koŋgamaska |
3PL: | koŋgamaskanešt | ə̑nešt koŋgamaska |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | koŋgamaskanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem koŋgamaska ə̑l'e |
2SG: | koŋgamaskanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net koŋgamaska ə̑l'e |
3SG: | koŋgamaskaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než koŋgamaska ə̑l'e |
1PL: | koŋgamaskanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena koŋgamaska ə̑l'e |
2PL: | koŋgamaskaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda koŋgamaska ə̑l'e |
3PL: | koŋgamaskanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt koŋgamaska ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | koŋgamaskanet ulmaš | ə̑net koŋgamaska ulmaš |
3SG: | koŋgamaskaneže ulmaš | ə̑než koŋgamaska ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | koŋgamaskaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda koŋgamaska ulmaš |
3PL: | koŋgamaskanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt koŋgamaska ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | koŋgamaskaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | koŋgamaskaman |
Active participle: | koŋgamaskaše |
Passive participle: | koŋgamaskame |
Future-necessitive participle: | koŋgamaskašaš |
Negative participle: | koŋgamaskadə̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | koŋgamaskaə̑n |
Negative gerund: | koŋgamaskade |
Gerund of prior action: | koŋgamaskamek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | koŋgamaskameš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | koŋgamaskašə̑la |
Nominalization: | koŋgamaskamaš |
Negative nominalization: | koŋgamaskadə̑maš |