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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | kugarɲa |
Genitive: | kugarɲan |
Dative: | kugarɲalan |
Accusative: | kugarɲam |
Comparative: | kugarɲala |
Comitative: | kugarɲage |
Inessive: | kugarɲaʃte |
Illative: | kugarɲaʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kugarɲaʃ |
1SG: | kugarɲam |
2SG: | kugarɲat |
3SG: | kugarɲaʒ(e) |
1PL: | kugarɲana |
2PL: | kugarɲada |
3PL: | kugarɲaʃt |
Plural (1): | kugarɲa-βlak |
Plural (2): | kugarɲa-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | kugarɲala |
Sociative Plural: | kugarɲamət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | kugarɲam | kugarɲa-βlak | kugarɲa-βlakem, kugarɲam-βlak |
Genitive: | kugarɲamən | kugarɲa-βlakən | kugarɲa-βlakemən, kugarɲam-βlakən |
Dative: | kugarɲamlan, kugarɲalanem | kugarɲa-βlaklan | kugarɲa-βlakemlan, kugarɲam-βlaklan |
Accusative: | kugarɲaməm | kugarɲa-βlakəm | kugarɲa-βlakeməm, kugarɲam-βlakəm |
Comparative: | kugarɲamla, kugarɲalam | kugarɲa-βlakla | kugarɲa-βlakemla, kugarɲam-βlakla |
Comitative: | kugarɲamge | kugarɲa-βlakge | kugarɲa-βlakemge, kugarɲam-βlakge |
Inessive: | kugarɲaʃtem | kugarɲa-βlakəʃte | kugarɲa-βlakəʃtem, kugarɲam-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | kugarɲaʃkem | kugarɲa-βlakəʃ(ke) | kugarɲa-βlakəʃkem, kugarɲam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kugarɲaʃem | kugarɲa-βlakeʃ | kugarɲa-βlakeʃem, kugarɲam-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |