Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kudalmem | om kudalme |
2SG: | kudalmet | ot kudalme |
3SG: | kudalma | ok/ogeš kudalme |
1PL: | kudalmena | ona/ogə̑na kudalme |
2PL: | kudalmeda | oda/ogə̑da kudalme |
3PL: | kudalmat | ogə̑t kudalme |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kudalmə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kudalme |
2SG: | kudalmə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kudalme |
3SG: | kudalmə̑š | ə̑š kudalme |
1PL: | kudalmə̑šna | ə̑šna kudalme |
2PL: | kudalmə̑šda | ə̑šda kudalme |
3PL: | kudalmə̑št | ə̑št kudalme |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kudalmenam | kudalmen omə̑l |
2SG: | kudalmenat | kudalmen otə̑l |
3SG: | kudalmen | kudalmen ogə̑l |
1PL: | kudalmenna | kudalmen onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | kudalmenda | kudalmen odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | kudalmenə̑t | kudalmen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kudalmem ə̑l'e | om kudalme ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kudalmet ə̑l'e | ot kudalme ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kudalma ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kudalme ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kudalmena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kudalme ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kudalmeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kudalme ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kudalmat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kudalme ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kudalmem ulmaš | om kudalme ulmaš |
2SG: | kudalmet ulmaš | ot kudalme ulmaš |
3SG: | kudalma ulmaš | ok/ogeš kudalme ulmaš |
1PL: | kudalmena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kudalme ulmaš |
2PL: | kudalmeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kudalme ulmaš |
3PL: | kudalmat ulmaš | ogə̑t kudalme ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kudalmenam ə̑l'e | kudalmen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kudalmenat ə̑l'e | kudalmen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kudalmen ə̑l'e | kudalmen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kudalmenna ə̑l'e | kudalmen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kudalmenda ə̑l'e | kudalmen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kudalmen ə̑l'e | kudalmen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kudalmenam ulmaš | kudalmen omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | kudalmenat ulmaš | kudalmen otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | kudalmen ulmaš | kudalmen ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | kudalmenna ulmaš | kudalmen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | kudalmenda ulmaš | kudalmen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | kudalmen ulmaš | kudalmen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kudalme | it kudalme |
3SG: | kudalmə̑že | ə̑nže kudalme |
1PL: | (kudalmena) | (ona/ogə̑na kudalme) |
2PL: | kudalmə̑za | ida kudalme |
3PL: | kudalmə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kudalme |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kudalmə̑nem | ə̑nem kudalme |
2SG: | kudalmə̑net | ə̑net kudalme |
3SG: | kudalmə̑neže | ə̑než kudalme |
1PL: | kudalmə̑nena | ə̑nena kudalme |
2PL: | kudalmə̑neda | ə̑neda kudalme |
3PL: | kudalmə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kudalme |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kudalmə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kudalme ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kudalmə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kudalme ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kudalmə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kudalme ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kudalmə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kudalme ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kudalmə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kudalme ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kudalmə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kudalme ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kudalmə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kudalme ulmaš |
3SG: | kudalmə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kudalme ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | kudalmə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kudalme ulmaš |
3PL: | kudalmə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kudalme ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | kudalmaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | kudalmə̑man |
Active participle: | kudalmə̑še |
Passive participle: | kudalmə̑me |
Future-necessitive participle: | kudalmə̑šaš |
Negative participle: | kudalmə̑də̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | kudalmen |
Negative gerund: | kudalmə̑de |
Gerund of prior action: | kudalmə̑mek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | kudalmə̑meš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | kudalmə̑šə̑la |
Nominalization: | kudalmə̑maš |
Negative nominalization: | kudalmə̑də̑maš |