Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kə̑sem | om kə̑se |
2SG: | kə̑set | ot kə̑se |
3SG: | kə̑sa | ok/ogeš kə̑se |
1PL: | kə̑sena | ona/ogə̑na kə̑se |
2PL: | kə̑seda | oda/ogə̑da kə̑se |
3PL: | kə̑sat | ogə̑t kə̑se |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kə̑sə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kə̑se |
2SG: | kə̑sə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kə̑se |
3SG: | kə̑sə̑š | ə̑š kə̑se |
1PL: | kə̑sə̑šna | ə̑šna kə̑se |
2PL: | kə̑sə̑šda | ə̑šda kə̑se |
3PL: | kə̑sə̑št | ə̑št kə̑se |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kə̑senam | kə̑sen omə̑l |
2SG: | kə̑senat | kə̑sen otə̑l |
3SG: | kə̑sen | kə̑sen ogə̑l |
1PL: | kə̑senna | kə̑sen onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | kə̑senda | kə̑sen odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | kə̑senə̑t | kə̑sen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kə̑sem ə̑l'e | om kə̑se ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kə̑set ə̑l'e | ot kə̑se ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kə̑sa ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kə̑se ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kə̑sena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kə̑se ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kə̑seda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kə̑se ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kə̑sat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kə̑se ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kə̑sem ulmaš | om kə̑se ulmaš |
2SG: | kə̑set ulmaš | ot kə̑se ulmaš |
3SG: | kə̑sa ulmaš | ok/ogeš kə̑se ulmaš |
1PL: | kə̑sena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kə̑se ulmaš |
2PL: | kə̑seda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kə̑se ulmaš |
3PL: | kə̑sat ulmaš | ogə̑t kə̑se ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kə̑senam ə̑l'e | kə̑sen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kə̑senat ə̑l'e | kə̑sen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kə̑sen ə̑l'e | kə̑sen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kə̑senna ə̑l'e | kə̑sen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kə̑senda ə̑l'e | kə̑sen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kə̑sen ə̑l'e | kə̑sen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kə̑senam ulmaš | kə̑sen omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | kə̑senat ulmaš | kə̑sen otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | kə̑sen ulmaš | kə̑sen ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | kə̑senna ulmaš | kə̑sen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | kə̑senda ulmaš | kə̑sen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | kə̑sen ulmaš | kə̑sen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kə̑se | it kə̑se |
3SG: | kə̑sə̑že | ə̑nže kə̑se |
1PL: | (kə̑sena) | (ona/ogə̑na kə̑se) |
2PL: | kə̑sə̑za | ida kə̑se |
3PL: | kə̑sə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kə̑se |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kə̑sə̑nem | ə̑nem kə̑se |
2SG: | kə̑sə̑net | ə̑net kə̑se |
3SG: | kə̑sə̑neže | ə̑než kə̑se |
1PL: | kə̑sə̑nena | ə̑nena kə̑se |
2PL: | kə̑sə̑neda | ə̑neda kə̑se |
3PL: | kə̑sə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kə̑se |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kə̑sə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kə̑se ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kə̑sə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kə̑se ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kə̑sə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kə̑se ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kə̑sə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kə̑se ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kə̑sə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kə̑se ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kə̑sə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kə̑se ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kə̑sə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kə̑se ulmaš |
3SG: | kə̑sə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kə̑se ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | kə̑sə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kə̑se ulmaš |
3PL: | kə̑sə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kə̑se ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | kə̑saš |
Necessitive infinitive: | kə̑sə̑man |
Active participle: | kə̑sə̑še |
Passive participle: | kə̑sə̑me |
Future-necessitive participle: | kə̑sə̑šaš |
Negative participle: | kə̑sə̑də̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | kə̑sen |
Negative gerund: | kə̑sə̑de |
Gerund of prior action: | kə̑sə̑mek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | kə̑sə̑meš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | kə̑sə̑šə̑la |
Nominalization: | kə̑sə̑maš |
Negative nominalization: | kə̑sə̑də̑maš |