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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | keʃ |
Genitive: | keʃən |
Dative: | keʃlan |
Accusative: | keʃəm |
Comparative: | keʃla |
Comitative: | keʃge |
Inessive: | keʃəʃte |
Illative: | keʃəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | keʃeʃ |
1SG: | keʃem |
2SG: | keʃet |
3SG: | keʃːe, keʃəʒ(e) |
1PL: | keʃna |
2PL: | keʃda |
3PL: | keʃəʃt |
Plural (1): | keʃ-βlak |
Plural (2): | keʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | keʃla |
Sociative Plural: | keʃmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | keʃem | keʃ-βlak | keʃ-βlakem, keʃem-βlak |
Genitive: | keʃemən | keʃ-βlakən | keʃ-βlakemən, keʃem-βlakən |
Dative: | keʃemlan, keʃlanem | keʃ-βlaklan | keʃ-βlakemlan, keʃem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | keʃeməm | keʃ-βlakəm | keʃ-βlakeməm, keʃem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | keʃemla, keʃlam | keʃ-βlakla | keʃ-βlakemla, keʃem-βlakla |
Comitative: | keʃemge | keʃ-βlakge | keʃ-βlakemge, keʃem-βlakge |
Inessive: | keʃəʃtem | keʃ-βlakəʃte | keʃ-βlakəʃtem, keʃem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | keʃəʃkem | keʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | keʃ-βlakəʃkem, keʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | keʃeʃem | keʃ-βlakeʃ | keʃ-βlakeʃem, keʃem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |