Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarem | om lot͡ɕeʃtare |
2SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtaret | ot lot͡ɕeʃtare |
3SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtara | ok/ogeʃ lot͡ɕeʃtare |
1PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarena | ona/ogəna lot͡ɕeʃtare |
2PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtareda | oda/ogəda lot͡ɕeʃtare |
3PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarat | ogət lot͡ɕeʃtare |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəʃəm | ʃəm lot͡ɕeʃtare |
2SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ lot͡ɕeʃtare |
3SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəʃ | əʃ lot͡ɕeʃtare |
1PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəʃna | əʃna lot͡ɕeʃtare |
2PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəʃda | əʃda lot͡ɕeʃtare |
3PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəʃt | əʃt lot͡ɕeʃtare |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarenam | lot͡ɕeʃtaren oməl |
2SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarenat | lot͡ɕeʃtaren otəl |
3SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtaren | lot͡ɕeʃtaren ogəl |
1PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarenːa | lot͡ɕeʃtaren onal/ogənal |
2PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarenda | lot͡ɕeʃtaren odal/ogədal |
3PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarenət | lot͡ɕeʃtaren ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarem əʎe | om lot͡ɕeʃtare əʎe |
2SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtaret əʎe | ot lot͡ɕeʃtare əʎe |
3SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtara əʎe | ok/ogeʃ lot͡ɕeʃtare əʎe |
1PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarena əʎe | ona/ogəna lot͡ɕeʃtare əʎe |
2PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtareda əʎe | oda/ogəda lot͡ɕeʃtare əʎe |
3PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarat əʎe | ogət lot͡ɕeʃtare əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarem ulmaʃ | om lot͡ɕeʃtare ulmaʃ |
2SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtaret ulmaʃ | ot lot͡ɕeʃtare ulmaʃ |
3SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtara ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ lot͡ɕeʃtare ulmaʃ |
1PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna lot͡ɕeʃtare ulmaʃ |
2PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtareda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda lot͡ɕeʃtare ulmaʃ |
3PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarat ulmaʃ | ogət lot͡ɕeʃtare ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarenam əʎe | lot͡ɕeʃtaren oməl əʎe |
2SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarenat əʎe | lot͡ɕeʃtaren otəl əʎe |
3SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtaren əʎe | lot͡ɕeʃtaren ogəl əʎe |
1PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarenːa əʎe | lot͡ɕeʃtaren onal/ogənal əʎe |
2PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarenda əʎe | lot͡ɕeʃtaren odal/ogədal əʎe |
3PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtaren əʎe | lot͡ɕeʃtaren ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarenam ulmaʃ | lot͡ɕeʃtaren oməl ulmaʃ |
2SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarenat ulmaʃ | lot͡ɕeʃtaren otəl ulmaʃ |
3SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtaren ulmaʃ | lot͡ɕeʃtaren ogəl ulmaʃ |
1PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarenːa ulmaʃ | lot͡ɕeʃtaren onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
2PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarenda ulmaʃ | lot͡ɕeʃtaren odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
3PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtaren ulmaʃ | lot͡ɕeʃtaren ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtare | it lot͡ɕeʃtare |
3SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəʒe | ənʒe lot͡ɕeʃtare |
1PL: | (lot͡ɕeʃtarena) | (ona/ogəna lot͡ɕeʃtare) |
2PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəza | ida lot͡ɕeʃtare |
3PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəʃt | ənəʃt lot͡ɕeʃtare |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarənem | ənem lot͡ɕeʃtare |
2SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarənet | ənet lot͡ɕeʃtare |
3SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəneʒe | əneʒ lot͡ɕeʃtare |
1PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarənena | ənena lot͡ɕeʃtare |
2PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəneda | əneda lot͡ɕeʃtare |
3PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəneʃt | əneʃt lot͡ɕeʃtare |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarənem əʎe | ənem lot͡ɕeʃtare əʎe |
2SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarənena əʎe | ənet lot͡ɕeʃtare əʎe |
3SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ lot͡ɕeʃtare əʎe |
1PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarənena əʎe | ənena lot͡ɕeʃtare əʎe |
2PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəneda əʎe | əneda lot͡ɕeʃtare əʎe |
3PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt lot͡ɕeʃtare əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarənet ulmaʃ | ənet lot͡ɕeʃtare ulmaʃ |
3SG: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ lot͡ɕeʃtare ulmaʃ |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəneda ulmaʃ | əneda lot͡ɕeʃtare ulmaʃ |
3PL: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt lot͡ɕeʃtare ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | lot͡ɕeʃtaraʃ |
Necessitive infinitive: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəman |
Active participle: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəʃe |
Passive participle: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəme |
Future-necessitive participle: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəʃaʃ |
Negative participle: | lot͡ɕeʃtarədəme |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | lot͡ɕeʃtaren |
Negative gerund: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəde |
Gerund of prior action: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəmek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəmeʃ(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəʃəla |
Nominalization: | lot͡ɕeʃtarəmaʃ |
Negative nominalization: | lot͡ɕeʃtarədəmaʃ |