Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | naukem | om nauko |
| 2SG: | nauket | ot nauko |
| 3SG: | nauka | ok/ogeʃ nauko |
| 1PL: | naukena | ona/ogəna nauko |
| 2PL: | naukeda | oda/ogəda nauko |
| 3PL: | naukat | ogət nauko |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | naukəʃəm | ʃəm nauko |
| 2SG: | naukəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ nauko |
| 3SG: | naukəʃ | əʃ nauko |
| 1PL: | naukəʃna | əʃna nauko |
| 2PL: | naukəʃda | əʃda nauko |
| 3PL: | naukəʃt | əʃt nauko |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | naukenam | nauken oməl |
| 2SG: | naukenat | nauken otəl |
| 3SG: | nauken | nauken ogəl |
| 1PL: | naukenːa | nauken onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | naukenda | nauken odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | naukenət | nauken ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | naukem əʎe | om nauko əʎe |
| 2SG: | nauket əʎe | ot nauko əʎe |
| 3SG: | nauka əʎe | ok/ogeʃ nauko əʎe |
| 1PL: | naukena əʎe | ona/ogəna nauko əʎe |
| 2PL: | naukeda əʎe | oda/ogəda nauko əʎe |
| 3PL: | naukat əʎe | ogət nauko əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | naukem ulmaʃ | om nauko ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | nauket ulmaʃ | ot nauko ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | nauka ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ nauko ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | naukena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna nauko ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | naukeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda nauko ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | naukat ulmaʃ | ogət nauko ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | naukenam əʎe | nauken oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | naukenat əʎe | nauken otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | nauken əʎe | nauken ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | naukenːa əʎe | nauken onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | naukenda əʎe | nauken odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | nauken əʎe | nauken ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | naukenam ulmaʃ | nauken oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | naukenat ulmaʃ | nauken otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | nauken ulmaʃ | nauken ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | naukenːa ulmaʃ | nauken onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | naukenda ulmaʃ | nauken odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | nauken ulmaʃ | nauken ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | nauko | it nauko |
| 3SG: | naukəʒo | ənʒe nauko |
| 1PL: | (naukena) | (ona/ogəna nauko) |
| 2PL: | naukəza | ida nauko |
| 3PL: | naukəʃt | ənəʃt nauko |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | naukənem | ənem nauko |
| 2SG: | naukənet | ənet nauko |
| 3SG: | naukəneʒe | əneʒ nauko |
| 1PL: | naukənena | ənena nauko |
| 2PL: | naukəneda | əneda nauko |
| 3PL: | naukəneʃt | əneʃt nauko |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | naukənem əʎe | ənem nauko əʎe |
| 2SG: | naukənena əʎe | ənet nauko əʎe |
| 3SG: | naukəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ nauko əʎe |
| 1PL: | naukənena əʎe | ənena nauko əʎe |
| 2PL: | naukəneda əʎe | əneda nauko əʎe |
| 3PL: | naukəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt nauko əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | naukənet ulmaʃ | ənet nauko ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | naukəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ nauko ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | naukəneda ulmaʃ | əneda nauko ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | naukəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt nauko ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | naukaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | naukəman |
| Active participle: | naukəʃo |
| Passive participle: | naukəmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | naukəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | naukədəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | nauken |
| Negative gerund: | naukəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | naukəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | naukəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | naukəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | naukəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | naukədəmaʃ |
