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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | naʃmak |
Genitive: | naʃmakən |
Dative: | naʃmaklan |
Accusative: | naʃmakəm |
Comparative: | naʃmakla |
Comitative: | naʃmakge |
Inessive: | naʃmakəʃte |
Illative: | naʃmakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | naʃmakeʃ |
1SG: | naʃmakem |
2SG: | naʃmaket |
3SG: | naʃmakʃe |
1PL: | naʃmakna |
2PL: | naʃmakda |
3PL: | naʃmakəʃt |
Plural (1): | naʃmak-βlak |
Plural (2): | naʃmak-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | naʃmakla |
Sociative Plural: | naʃmakmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | naʃmakem | naʃmak-βlak | naʃmak-βlakem, naʃmakem-βlak |
Genitive: | naʃmakemən | naʃmak-βlakən | naʃmak-βlakemən, naʃmakem-βlakən |
Dative: | naʃmakemlan, naʃmaklanem | naʃmak-βlaklan | naʃmak-βlakemlan, naʃmakem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | naʃmakeməm | naʃmak-βlakəm | naʃmak-βlakeməm, naʃmakem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | naʃmakemla, naʃmaklam | naʃmak-βlakla | naʃmak-βlakemla, naʃmakem-βlakla |
Comitative: | naʃmakemge | naʃmak-βlakge | naʃmak-βlakemge, naʃmakem-βlakge |
Inessive: | naʃmakəʃtem | naʃmak-βlakəʃte | naʃmak-βlakəʃtem, naʃmakem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | naʃmakəʃkem | naʃmak-βlakəʃ(ke) | naʃmak-βlakəʃkem, naʃmakem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | naʃmakeʃem | naʃmak-βlakeʃ | naʃmak-βlakeʃem, naʃmakem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |