Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | otβalam | om otβal |
| 2SG: | otβalat | ot otβal |
| 3SG: | otβaleš | ok/ogeš otβal |
| 1PL: | otβalə̑na | ona/ogə̑na otβal |
| 2PL: | otβalə̑da | oda/ogə̑da otβal |
| 3PL: | otβalə̑t | ogə̑t otβal |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | otβal'ə̑m | šə̑m otβal |
| 2SG: | otβal'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ otβal |
| 3SG: | otβal'e | ə̑š otβal |
| 1PL: | otβalna | ə̑šna otβal |
| 2PL: | otβalda | ə̑šda otβal |
| 3PL: | otβal'ə̑č́ | ə̑št otβal |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | otβalə̑nam | otβalə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | otβalə̑nat | otβalə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | otβalə̑n | otβalə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | otβalə̑nna | otβalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | otβalə̑nda | otβalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | otβalə̑nə̑t | otβalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | otβalam ə̑l'e | om otβal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | otβalat ə̑l'e | ot otβal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | otβaleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš otβal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | otβalə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na otβal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | otβalə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da otβal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | otβalə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t otβal ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | otβalam ulmaš | om otβal ulmaš |
| 2SG: | otβalat ulmaš | ot otβal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | otβaleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš otβal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | otβalə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na otβal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | otβalə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da otβal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | otβalə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t otβal ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | otβalə̑nam ə̑l'e | otβalə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | otβalə̑nat ə̑l'e | otβalə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | otβalə̑n ə̑l'e | otβalə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | otβalə̑nna ə̑l'e | otβalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | otβalə̑nda ə̑l'e | otβalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | otβalə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | otβalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | otβalə̑nam ulmaš | otβalə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | otβalə̑nat ulmaš | otβalə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | otβalə̑n ulmaš | otβalə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | otβalə̑nna ulmaš | otβalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | otβalə̑nda ulmaš | otβalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | otβalə̑nə̑t ulmaš | otβalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | otβal | it otβal |
| 3SG: | otβalže | ə̑nže otβal |
| 1PL: | (otβalə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na otβal) |
| 2PL: | otβalza | ida otβal |
| 3PL: | otβalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št otβal |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | otβalnem | ə̑nem otβal |
| 2SG: | otβalnet | ə̑net otβal |
| 3SG: | otβalneže | ə̑než otβal |
| 1PL: | otβalnena | ə̑nena otβal |
| 2PL: | otβalneda | ə̑neda otβal |
| 3PL: | otβalnešt | ə̑nešt otβal |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | otβalnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem otβal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | otβalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net otβal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | otβalneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než otβal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | otβalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena otβal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | otβalneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda otβal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | otβalnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt otβal ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | otβalnet ulmaš | ə̑net otβal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | otβalneže ulmaš | ə̑než otβal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | otβalneda ulmaš | ə̑neda otβal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | otβalnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt otβal ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | otβalaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | otβalman |
| Active participle: | otβalše |
| Passive participle: | otβalme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | otβalšaš |
| Negative participle: | otβaldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | otβalə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | otβalde |
| Gerund of prior action: | otβalmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | otβalmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | otβalšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | otβalmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | otβaldə̑maš |
